I've never heard of any rule (or "code") in the Church that forbade Catholics from using a missal at Mass many years in the past, such as over 120 years ago.
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Before the printing press, altar missals were hand copied, obviously, so they were very expensive, if they could be purchased at all. After Gutenberg, altar missals could be printed, which explains why Pope St. Pius V gave out the Bull Quo Primum, which forbade anyone for all time to prohibit a Roman rite priest from saying Mass according to his 1570 missal. But there is no prohibition in that Bull for Catholics from using such a missal for personal use while assisting at Mass. They were all in Latin, though, so one would not have any vernacular translation printed on the page. It's conceivable that someone could translate the prayers and use their own copy while at Mass, and I don't think there was ever any ruling against such a practice.
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This reminds me of a man I know who habitually and loudly flips pages in his hand missal, one at a time, during Mass. The noise of pages flipping is a distraction to others (like me).
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Certainly if a priest goes to Mass he would be able to follow along in the pew by using his own altar missal. But I've never seen a priest doing that. I have a priest's altar missal from pre-WWII that is designed for traveling, and it fits just fine in the hands. It may have been used for Mass on the battlefield. It's a little larger than most hand missals, but not a whole lot larger, about 5" x 8". It wouldn't look out of place if someone were holding that while in the pews at Mass.
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All that aside, there are times when I have had a missal with me at Mass but have not used it, and have prayed the Rosary instead. But generally, it is helpful to at least read the propers for the Mass of the day, if I can find it, that is. Sometimes which Mass is being read at the altar is a matter of confusion, and I have spent most of my time in the pew trying to figure it out. It seems to me that's a waste of important prayer time.
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When you are not sure of what Mass is being said, or when you don't have the correct Mass prayers in front of you for whatever reason, you can certainly use Mass prayers from some similar Mass especially one from the same season or week. When in doubt, you can defer to the Feria (which is the Mass from the previous Sunday).
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Today, for example, the Feast Day of Our Lady of Fatima, is not a Mass found in the Fr. Lasance Missal. Therefore, you could substitute St. Robert Bellarmine, Bishop, Confessor and Doctor of the Church, May 13th. I really don't think Our Lady would mind!!
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Or next month, on June 13th, you could use St. Anthony of Padua, Confessor and Doctor of the Church. Of course, if you're in Portugal, you would use "St. Anthony of Lisbon!" (Portuguese call him St. Anthony "of Lisbon" not "of Padua" and remember, Our Lady said that in Portugal, the dogma of the Faith will always be preserved!)
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