#35:
"What is the literal sense of a passage is not always as obvious in the speeches and writings of the ancient authors of the East, as it is in the works of our own time. For what they wished to express is not to be determined by the rules of grammer and philology alone, nor solely by the context: the interpreter must, as it were, go back wholly in spirit to those remote centuries of the East and with the aid of history, archeology, ethnology and other sciences, accurately determine what modes of writing, so to speak, the authors of that ancient period were likely to use, and in fact did use."
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The above quote seems important in that it says that we must use what historical means that are available, including science, to determine what the ancient authors of scripture of the East were intending. Indeed, we have the historical evidence of the ancient Hebrew conception of the universe (which included a flat earth), which is a good aid in determining what the authors of Genesis were intending.
And we have the commentary of St. Jerome, who was fluent in Greek, Hebrew, and Latin, who wrote that the earth could not be a sphere. He knew the Old Testament very well.