I appreciate the responses so far, but watching a bunch of videos is pretty time consuming. I will try to find time to look at some of them in which the gentlemen involved try to explain their model, but is there not any textual, diagrammatic source that would allow me to understand more quickly what is being envisioned?
As for the images posted. I question whether those images of the ancient Hebrew conception of the universe are relevant. It is hard to imagine how the fact that which stars one sees in the night sky depends on the latitude of the observer could be explained by that conception.
Well, Pax posted the "short version", and then a lot of detail can be found in the one Youtube channel. In summary, the sun and moon rotate over the flat plane of the earth, in circles. Various test have been done to demonstrate that this can "work".
There have been two big challenges with this FE model ...
1) in the FE model, the "Southern Hemisphere" would be far bigger than in the globe model. There's a former professional sailor, Herve Riboni, who did some terrific work in this area. He had competed in several competitions to sail around the world, including much of it in the "Southern Hemisphere", and he demonstrates that the the FE model is actually closer to reality, where there's a use of "magnetic declination" to give the illusion that the globe model proportions work, when they actually don't, and how the "Northern Hemisphere" is also faked (he took extensive observations). There's a lot to be said of the various studies people have done regarding "Southern Hemisphere" flight patterns that do not make sense on the globe model, but make perfect sense on the flat.
2) rotations of the stars in the "Souther Hemisphere", but that's where that one Youtube channel above comes in, where everything works if you consider the Biblical model of the rotating solid dome (firmament).
Then one could go on forever about the problems with the globe model ... as pretty much every FE video out there deals with that.
But that's the basic summary. Apart from 1 + 2 above, everything else can work equally well on the 2 models, and the challenges with 1 + 2 have been solved as described above.
But, whether or not you accept any particular Flat Earth Model, the prevailing globe earth model has been falsified completely by the "see too far" phenomenon, despite the desperation of throwing the word "refraction" out there, and where refraction has been refuted conclusively by the two-way laser experiments, as well as by the fact that it's absolutely impossible over some of the distances involved, where things can be seen from well over 250 miles away that should be covered under miles of curvature. Refraction can't work there, since it's simply not possible that the rate of refraction would remain constant for every few hundred yards of the 250 miles, and if it's not constant (and it cannot be), the various refractions at different distances would run into eachother and cause massive distortion. Also, with the two-way laser experiments, conducted by Dr. John D (Ph. D. in spectrometry), if you have a continually increasing density gradient in one direction, causing downward refraction, then the laser going in the other direction (just a few yards away from the first) would experience a continually decreasing density gradient, thereby causing that light to refract up and out of view. But the fact that it works in both directions simultaneously conclusively rules out refraction.