The way I usually explain it to Protestants in a way they can understand and respect (and hopefully push off their list of anti Catholic grievances) goes like this:
Our Lord sacrificed Himself in the flesh on Good Friday, so in thanksgiving, praise, and reparation, we sacrifice eating of flesh meat every Friday. It's a small token of our love for Jesus.
As far as you paying for the meal, if I did the same, it would have been in the vein of feeding the hungry, hospitality and generosity. I don't think your action condoned anything, especially if Friday abstinence is only binding on Catholic and was nowhere on their radar