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Author Topic: Saint Casimir  (Read 871 times)

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Offline magdalena

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Saint Casimir
« on: March 04, 2015, 05:39:21 AM »
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  • But one thing is necessary. Mary hath chosen the best part, which shall not be taken away from her.
    Luke 10:42


    Offline magdalena

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    Saint Casimir
    « Reply #1 on: March 04, 2015, 12:56:04 PM »
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  • Prince of Poland, born in the royal palace at Cracow, 3 October, 1458; died at the court of Grodno, 4 March, 1484. He was the grandson of Wladislaus II Jagiello, King of Poland, who introduced Christianity into Lithuania, and the second son of King Casimir IV and Queen Elizabeth, an Austrian princess, the daughter of Albert II, Emperor of Germany and King of Bohemia and Hungary. Casimir's uncle, Wladislaus III, King of Poland and Hungary, perished at Varna in 1444, defending Christianity against the Turks. Casimir's elder brother, Wladislaus, became King of Bohemia in 1471, and King of Hungary in 1490. Of his four younger brothers, John I, Albert, Alexander, and Sigismund in turn occupied the Polish throne, while Frederick, the youngest, became Archbishop of Gnesen, Bishop of Cracow, and finally cardinal, in 1493. The early training of the young princes was entrusted to Father Dlugosz, the Polish historian, a canon at Cracow, and later Archbishop of Lwów (Lemberg), and to Filippo Buonaccorsi, called Callimachus. Father Dlugosz was a deeply religious man, a loyal patriot, and like Callimachus, well versed in statecraft. Casimir was placed in the care of this scholar at the age nine, and even then he was remarkable for his ardent piety. When Casimir was thirteen he was offered the throne of Hungary by a Hungarian faction who were discontented under King Matthias Corvinus. Eager to defend the Cross against the Turks, he accepted the call and went to Hungary to receive the crown. He was unsuccessful, however, and returned a fugitive to Poland. The young prince again became a pupil of Father Dlugosz, under whom he remained until 1475. He was later associated with his father who initiated him so well into public affairs that after his elder brother, Wladislaus, ascended to the Bohemian throne, Casimir became heir-apparent to the throne of Poland. When in 1479 the king went to Lithuania to spend five years arranging affairs there, Casimir was placed in charge of Poland, and from 1481 to 1483 administered the State with great prudence and justice. About this time his father tried to arrange for him a marriage with the daughter of Frederick III, Emperor of Germany, but Casimir preferred to remain single. Shortly afterwards he fell victim to a severe attack of lung trouble, which, weak as he was from fastings and mortifications, he could not withstand. While on a journey to Lithuania, he died at the court of Grodno, 4 March 1484. His remains were interred in the chapel of the Blessed Virgin in the cathedral of Vilna.

    St. Casimir was possessed of great charms of person and character, and was noted particularly for his justice and chastity. Often at night he would kneel for hours before the locked doors of churches, regardless of the hour or the inclemency of the weather. He had a special devotion to the Blessed Virgin, and the hymn of St. Bernard of Clairvaux, "Omni die dic Maria mea laudes anima", was long attributed to him. After his death he was venerated as a saint, because of the miracles wrought by him. Sigismund I, King of Poland, petitioned the pope for Casimir's canonization, and Pope Leo X appointed the papal legate Zaccaria Ferreri, Bishop of Guardalfiera, the Archbishop of Gnesen, and the Bishop of Przemysl to investigate the life and miracles of Casimir. This inquiry was completed at Turn in 1520, and in 1522 Casimir was canonized by Adrian VI. Pope Clement VIII named 4 March as his feast. St. Casimir is the patron of Poland Lithuania, though he is honoured as far as Belgium and Naples. In Poland and Lithuania churches and chapels are dedicated to him, as at Rozana and on the River Dzwina near Potocka, where he is said to have contributed miraculously to a victory of the Polish army over the Russians. In the beginning of the seventeenth century King Sigismund III began at Vilna the erection of a chapel in honour of St. Casimir, which was finished under King Wladislaus IV. The building was designed by Peter Danckerts, of the Netherlands, who also adorned the walls with paintings illustrating the life of the saint. In this chapel is found an old painting renovated in 1594, representing the saint with a lily in his hand. Two other pictures of the saint are preserved, one in his life by Ferreri, and the other in the church at Krosno in Galicia.
    But one thing is necessary. Mary hath chosen the best part, which shall not be taken away from her.
    Luke 10:42


    Offline Jaynek

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    Saint Casimir
    « Reply #2 on: March 04, 2015, 02:06:20 PM »
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  • Thanks for this.  My family is of Lithuanian background and this is our patron Saint.   appreciated seeing an article about him

    Offline magdalena

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    Saint Casimir
    « Reply #3 on: March 04, 2015, 08:11:11 PM »
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  • The Hymn of St. Casimir

    A Devout Hymn in honour of the Mother of God (ascribed to St. Anselm), which St. Casimir of Poland was accustomed daily to recite, and which, in the year 1604, at the renewal of his shrine, was found lying under his head.



    DECADE I.
    OMNI DIE DIC MARIAE

    From day to day sing loud thy lay
    To Mary's name, O soul of mine;
    And freely praise her festal days
    And actions of her life divine.

    And let thine eyes, in glad surprise,
    Gaze on her wondrous dignity;
    Sing through the earth the Mother's worth,
    And sing the Maiden's purity.

    Oh, bend thee low, and pray that thou
    Be lightened of thy weight of sin;
    Call her to thee, lest the dark sea
    Of sin divide and whelm thee in.

    Her hand hath given the gifts of Heaven
    To us who own her matchless worth;
    A Queen Divine, her graces shine
    Bright over all in Heaven and earth.

    Come then, my tongue, raise high the song,
    To her, the Maid and Mother too;
    Who, by her Son, hath now undone
    The early curse that wrought our woe.

    This Queen of power (the world her dower)
    Be the sweet subject of thy song;
    Her graces fair, her glories rare,
    Resound from thy exulting tongue.

    Her peerless worth, from this time forth,
    Let my conspiring senses sing;
    By day and night my sweet delight
    Shall be her blest remembering.

    Thou wilt not find, 'midst all mankind,
    A tongue of such rare eloquence,
    Fit to repeat the praises sweet
    Of Mary's sovereign excellence.

    Yet all are free, in their degree,
    God's Virgin-Mother to confess;
    A joy to each, though none may reach
    The height of her great worthiness.

    Whoso are fain her love to gain,
    With earnest mind her praise must sing;
    For ever thus flow down to us
    Rich streams from this thrice-hallowed spring.

    Hail Mary.




    DECADE II.
    QUAMVIS SCIAM, QUOD MARIAM.

    What though I know no tongue below
    May rightly speak of Mary's grace;
    Unwise the man, most vain, who can
    Hear her sweet name and hold his peace.

    Error and guile, each snare, each wile,
    Her power doth ever bring to nought;
    She shineth forth o'er all the earth
    With Heaven's eternal wisdom fraught.

    Her virtues rare, like flowerets fair,
    Adorn the Church's garden-bed;
    Her actions each, her every speech,
    So many wondrous graces shed.

    In early time, Eve's fatal crime
    Did shut the gates of Paradise;
    But our new Eve doth straight believe,
    Obedient, and re-opes the skies.

    Through sinful Eve mankind receive
    The doom severe of banished men;
    But Mary sweet our joyful feet
    Leads to our happy home again.

    Her then we love, and praise above
    All creatures else in Heaven and earth;
    To her we pray, and ceaseless pay
    Our highest homage to her worth.

    To her I sue, with reverence due,
    Whose sovereign power I own with joy;
    And meekly pray she chase away
    Whate'er may work the soul's annoy.

    Oh, may she give that I may live
    Obedient to her Son's command;
    And when my doom of death shall come,
    Full in His blissful presence stand.

    O fairest, best, O Queen confest,
    O honour bright of woman's race,
    Chosen of Heaven, to thee is given
    To rise and take the chiefest place.

    Mother most dear, incline thine ear
    To us who sing these songs to thee;
    Cleansed of our sin, help us to win
    The life that lasts eternally.

    O stately shoot of Jesse's root,
    That bears the flower of hope Divine;
    The world's clear light, its glory bright,
    God's temple, yea, his inner shrine.

    Hail Mary.




    DECADE III.
    VITAE FORMA, MORUM NORMA.

    Virtue's best school, our truest rule,
    Fulness of grace and blessedness,
    The temple bright of living light,
    Pattern of perfect righteousness.

    Hail, Virgin blest, the gate of rest
    Thou unto sinners openest wide;
    Nor serpent's guile, nor crafty wile,
    Could ever bend thy steps aside.

    O wondrous fair, thy beauty rare
    Hath smitten e'en the King Divine;
    His chosen bride o'er all beside,
    Fair daughter of King David's line.

    O Jєωel bright, O lily white
    Of purity, O fresh-blown rose,
    Thou dost command the Virgin-band
    That aye through Heaven rejoicing goes.

    Oh, give me power, each changing hour,
    By act and word to tell thy praise;
    With willing tongue and boldest song
    To sing of all thy perfect ways.

    With earnest vow, I pray that thou
    Be ever present to my mind;
    That I may sing unwearying
    Thy praises free and unconfined.

    What though I know my lips are slow
    And stained with much iniquity?
    I'll boldly dare my part to bear
    In the sweet songs that rise to thee.

    Rejoice, rejoice, for every voice
    Brings tribute due unto thy name;
    Thou art confest the occasion blest
    Through which our great Redemption came.

    Pure as the dew, as fertile too,
    Thou, a chaste Maid, dost bear a Child;
    O stately palm, a healing balm
    Breathes from thy flowers and fruitage mild.

    Oh, still may we delighted be
    With thy rich bloom and odorous breath,
    Whose Fruit adored (our gracious Lord),
    Hath freed us from the woes of death.

    Hail Mary.




    DECADE IV.
    PULCHRA TOTA SINE NOTA.

    Thou art all fair, thy beauty rare
    Was ever spotless; grant that we
    At every hour may sing thy power
    With earthly hearts made chaste through thee.

    O blest of Heaven, through thee are given
    New joys this weeping world to cheer;
    Through thee once more the heavenly choir
    Stands wide to contrite sinners here.

    Through thee the earth comes glorious forth
    Exulting in the new-born light;
    For now at last for aye are past
    The shadows of the ancient light.

    Well didst thou say one happy day:
    "The lowly are exalted high,
    The needy poor have food in store;"
    So didst thou meekly prophesy.

    Sin's devious ways, whose endless maze
    Erewhile thy children's footsteps traced,
    They tread no more; and thy sweet power
    False doctrine far away hath chased.

    Well hast thou taught to set at naught
    The world and all its fleeting show;
    Deny the flesh its wanton wish;
    Seek God; and passion's pride subdue.

    The mind lift high beyond the sky
    In humble following of our Lord;
    The body wear by fast and prayer
    For Heaven's ineffable reward.

    O Maiden chaste, thy womb embraced
    The Lord, Redeemer of mankind;
    And thus do we regain through thee
    Our life, and our lost honours find.

    A Mother true, a Maiden too,
    Thou dost bring forth the King of kings
    Who dwelleth high above the sky,
    Lord over all created things.

    Thrice blest, through whom to us doth come
    The victory o'er our crafty foe;
    And peace is given by pitying Heaven
    To sinners sunk in hopeless woe.

    Hail Mary.




    DECADE V.
    BENEDICTUS REX INVICTUS.

    Blest is the King all-conquering
    Whose Mother thou art owned to be;
    Who brings our race its Saving Grace,
    The Uncreated, born of thee.

    Come thou, who best with comfort blest
    Canst heal the sick and drooping mind,
    Free us from all the woes that fall
    On Satan's children, proud and blind.

    Pray that my soul may reach the goal
    Where saints their happy rest do take;
    O Mother see, I never be
    Plunged in the dark and fiery lake.

    All that I seek, O Mother meek,
    Is that thou heal each wound of mine;
    And that my mind may ever find
    In thee these gifts of grace Divine.

    To be all chaste and sweetly graced
    With modesty of sober life,
    Of mind correct and circuмspect,
    Meek-hearted, gentle, hating strife;

    A plenteous store of needful lore,
    Drawn from the oracles of Heaven;
    A filial awe to search God's law;
    A life to contemplation given.

    A purpose fixed, a sweetness mixed
    With gravity; kind and benign,
    Simple and pure, of thought mature,
    A lowly patience like to thine;

    That heavenly truth be in my mouth
    And in my understanding heart,
    All sin to hate, and venerate
    My God with every pious act.

    Oh, come, be thou our teacher now,
    The helper of Christ's people here;
    Grant us thy peace, a blest release
    From strife with this world's godless will.

    Star of the Sea, all hail to thee,
    Safe guide through ocean's perilous ways,
    The stars that rise to light the skies,
    They pale before thy sovereign rays.

    Hail Mary.




    Decade VI.
    TUA DULCI PRECE FULCI.

    Support and cheer thy suppliants here,
    And help us with thy pleading love;
    Whatever weight doth aggravate,
    Or warp our minds, do thou remove.

    Be joyful now, blest Maid, for thou
    Hast freed our souls from Satan's fraud;
    Since from thy womb to us hath come,
    In very flesh, our very God.

    O Virgin pure, how rich a dower,
    In thy dear Son, doth come to thee;
    To nurse thy Child, yet undefiled
    To keep the flower of purity.

    Thou'rt still the same for Maiden fame;
    And still thou art a Mother blest;
    And He from whom thy life doth come
    Is the Sweet Babe that seeks thy breast.

    In grief I pine; but, Mother mine,
    Come thou and give me of thy joy;
    Come and impart to my sick heart
    The remedy for which I sigh.

    Deign to commend, O Mother-friend,
    My anxious heart to Christ Thy Child;
    So, though the world a wreck be hurled,
    I may escape the waters wild.

    Grant that my life be free from strife,
    Meek and of perfect modesty:
    Through all my days tread guileless ways,
    In firm unwavering constancy.

    Let not the chain of wishes vain
    E'er twine around my captive heart;
    Strive but to blind the hardened mind
    Of those who choose the evil part.

    Nor rage, nor hate, nor pride elate,
    E'er hold my soul their captive slave;
    Whence frequent flows a tide of woes,
    That threatens all with whelming wave.

    Oh, pray thy Child, that reconciled
    This heart henceforth His law embrace;
    And that the foe ne'er oversow
    His tares, to choke the seeds of grace.

    And give thine aid, O Mother-Maid,
    Thy comfort sweet to all who join
    Their songs to praise thy festal days
    And actions of thy life divine.

    Hail Mary.







    But one thing is necessary. Mary hath chosen the best part, which shall not be taken away from her.
    Luke 10:42

    Offline magdalena

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    Saint Casimir
    « Reply #4 on: March 04, 2015, 08:13:45 PM »
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  • Quote from: Jaynek
    Thanks for this.  My family is of Lithuanian background and this is our patron Saint.   appreciated seeing an article about him


    You're welcome!  I'm Polish on my father's side, so I completely understand your devotion.  What a beautiful saint!
    But one thing is necessary. Mary hath chosen the best part, which shall not be taken away from her.
    Luke 10:42


    Offline magdalena

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    Saint Casimir
    « Reply #5 on: March 04, 2015, 09:15:00 PM »
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  • Saint Casimir's Chapel and silver sarcophagus at Vilnius Cathedral
    But one thing is necessary. Mary hath chosen the best part, which shall not be taken away from her.
    Luke 10:42

    Offline magdalena

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    Saint Casimir
    « Reply #6 on: March 04, 2015, 09:49:01 PM »
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  • But one thing is necessary. Mary hath chosen the best part, which shall not be taken away from her.
    Luke 10:42

    Offline poche

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    Saint Casimir
    « Reply #7 on: March 05, 2015, 10:53:36 PM »
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  • Casimir grew up in a world where his life was not his own. As a prince of Poland, the second son of King Casimir IV and Elizabeth of Austria, his life was scheduled to cement his father's authority and increase Poland's power.

    Casimir realized from an early age that his life belonged to someone else, but to a much higher King than his father. Despite pressure, humiliation, and rejection, he stood by that loyalty through his whole life.

    Born the third of thirteen children in 1461, Casimir was committed to God from childhood. Some of that commitment was the result of a tutor, John Dlugosz, whose holiness encouraged Casimir on his own journey.

    It may be hard for us to imagine royal luxury as a pressure. But for Casimir, the riches around him were temptations to forget his true loyalties. Rebelling against the rich, fashionable clothes he was expected to enjoy, he wore the plainest of clothes.

    Rejecting even ordinary comforts, he slept little, spending his nights in prayer. And when he did sleep, he lay on the floor not on a royal bed. Even though he was a prince, many of those around him must have laughed and joked at his choices. Yet, in the face of any pressure, Casimir was always friendly and calm.

    Though his father must have wondered about him, he must have seen and admired Casimir's strength. He showed that he misunderstood this strength when he sent Casimir as head of an army to take over the throne of Hungary at the request of some nobles there. Casimir felt the whole expedition was wrong but was convinced to go out of obedience to his father. He could not help but feel at every step that it was disobedient to his other Father. So when soldiers started deserting, he was only too glad to listen to the advice of his officers and turn back home. His feelings were confirmed when he discovered that Pope Sixtus IV had opposed the move.

    His father, however, was furious at being deterred from his plans and banished Casimir to a castle in Dobzki, hoping that imprisonment would change Casimir's mind. Casimir's commitment to what he believed was right only grew stronger in his exile and he refused to cooperate with his father's plans any more despite the pressure to give in. He even rejected a marriage alliance his father tried to form. He participated in his true King's plans wholeheartedly by praying, studying, and helping the poor.

    He died at the age of 23 in 1484 from lung disease. He was buried with his favorite song, a Latin hymn to Mary called "Omni die dic Mariae" which we know as "Daily, Daily Sing to Mary." Because of his love for the song, it is known as the Hymn of St. Casimir though he didn't write it.

    http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=33