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Offline SeanJohnson

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Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
« on: April 07, 2020, 08:02:37 AM »
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  • How the Office of Tenebrae Was Sabotaged
    Dr. Carol Byrne, Great Britain

    Among the liturgical treasures of Holy Week targeted by the reformers was the ancient service of Tenebrae (a Latin word meaning darkness) – so called because of its gradual extinguishing of lights – which had a continuous history of use in the Church since at least the 7th century until 1955. Yet many Catholics today have not the slightest notion that such a service ever existed in the Church, let alone what it entailed or what it was meant to signify, so great were the progressivists’ efforts to keep them, in quite another sense, in the dark.

    Tenebrae consisted of two components of the Divine Office, Matins and Lauds, which originated from the monastic liturgy and were chanted by the monks after midnight and before dawn respectively. But from the early Middles Ages, the Church, wishing to make these “hours” available during Holy Week at a more convenient time for the faithful, joined them into one single service to be performed on the Wednesday, Thursday and Friday evenings, thus anticipating Matins and Lauds of Holy Thursday, Good Friday and Holy Saturday.

    The distinctive character of Tenebrae

    The traditional service was characterized by a number of special features, which gave it a striking figurative power, making it an unforgettable experience for the faithful. This was achieved by a unique interplay between light and darkness, sacred texts and chant that moved those present to the very depths of their soul.


    A dramatic service where a candle is extinguished after the chanting of each Psalm
    [size={defaultattr}][font={defaultattr}]
    And it was rich in scriptural passages bearing theological, mystical and allegorical meanings that had been specially chosen to arouse feelings of grief and compassion for the sufferings of Our Lord and, consequently, of sorrow and detestation of sin, which was their cause.

    The whole service was conducted in an atmosphere of solemn mourning. The Lamentations of Jeremiah were sung in the so-called Planctus (“weeping”) tone specific to certain parts of Holy Week which, however, fell out of favor after 1955. Together with the responsories, antiphons and Psalm 50 (Miserere), they are universally recognized as the most sublime examples of choral music in the Church’s repertoire, made famous by celebrated composers e.g. Palestrina, Allegri, Victoria and Tallis.

    The ceremony was usually timed to begin in the early evening, when the natural light was fading from the sky and to end in complete darkness. The main source of illumination in the church was candle light, and all eyes were directed to 6 candles on the main altar and 15 on a triangular candlestick called a hearse, (1) symbolizing the Holy Trinity.

    After each Psalm was chanted (9 for Matins, 5 for Lauds), one of the candles on the hearse was extinguished, leaving the one at the apex (representing Christ) still burning. While the canticle known as the Benedictus was chanted at the end of Lauds, the six candles on the high altar were also extinguished sequentially, alternating from side to side. Near the end of the ceremony, two dramatic events, highly charged with theological significance, were enacted.

    First, the “Christ candle” was removed and temporarily hidden behind the altar, plunging the whole sanctuary into darkness – a symbolic reminder of what it is like to be deprived of Christ, the Light of the World. (John 8:12)

    Second, the sudden irruption of the strepitus (Latin for a loud noise) produced by banging books against the pews, filled the darkness.

    It was meant to invoke the earthquake that happened after the Crucifixion, the convulsion of nature that accompanied the death of its Author. Lastly, the “Christ candle” was reinstated on the hearse as a sign of the Resurrection, and all departed in silence.

    [/font][/size]

    Psalm 50 that begins with King David's lament Miserere mei was eliminated with no reason given
    [size={defaultattr}][font={defaultattr}]
    It may be difficult to believe, but Psalm 50 – the Miserere – was almost completely eliminated from the Divine Office of the entire Triduum. (2) As a mark of its importance in the spiritual life of the Church, it used to be said both at the beginning and at the end of Lauds, as well as at the end of all the Hours of the Triduum. But, the reform prohibited its recitation at the conclusion of all the Hours of the Triduum, leaving only the one at the beginning of Lauds. Thus, the reform greatly restricted the frequency of the Miserere – the most penitential of all the Psalms.

    This practically banished the Allegri’s Miserere whose hauntingly beautiful melody and ethereal quality were the high point of the traditional Tenebrae service and which, in the words of Card. Wiseman, were capable of “leaving on the soul a solemn impression of harmonious feeling which no words I have could describe.” (3)

    Ironically, in spite of being sabotaged in 1956, Allegri’s Miserere has maintained its appeal outside the Church, not only in Anglican and Lutheran services of Tenebrae, but most especially in the concert hall where it continues to enjoy worldwide acclaim.

    Its restriction was bound to have profound implications for the Catholic moral life, far beyond the loss of its cultural or musical value. It is not without significance that the Miserere was David’s prayer of repentance and plea for forgiveness after his adultery with Bathsheba.

    As the liturgy is, in accordance with the adage lex orandi lex credendi, the prophetic witness of the Church’s Faith, it not only speaks – or, in this case, sings – what God has appointed us to believe, but also encourages us to live a life of holiness in obedience to the Divine Commandments.

    Unfortunately, regarding the faithful who had been attracted and edified by the Miserere, its restriction was a misfortune for the Church, because its doctrinal impact was greatly diminished. Among other consequences, the current failure to address moral issues concerning the 6th Commandment, particularly adultery, from a Catholic perspective can be traced back to its origin in the 1956 reforms. (4)

    Continued

    [/font][/size]

    • Although the number of candles varied throughout the Middle Ages, the triangular shape of the stand is of ancient origin. It was used during the Tenebrae service as mentioned in an Ordo (book of ceremonials) of the 7th century published by the historian Mabillon, which suggests an even earlier usage.
    • This order was given in Ordo Hebdomadae Sanctae (The New Order of Holy Week) published by the Sacred Congregation of Rites in January 1956.
    • Nicholas Wiseman, Four lectures on the offices and ceremonies of Holy Week, C. Dolman, London, 1839, p. 7.
    • In his General Audience of March 30, 2016, Pope Francis mentioned this Psalm in connection with God’s forgiveness for the sin of adultery. But, departing from the teaching of the Council of Trent, he made no clear reference to the necessary conditions for obtaining Divine mercy – repentance and a firm purpose of amendment. He said nothing whatsoever about the necessity of penance or reparation.

    Rom 5: 20 - "But where sin increased, grace abounded all the more."


    Offline SeanJohnson

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #1 on: April 07, 2020, 08:13:13 AM »
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  • The following Tenebrae ceremonies were all recorded at St. Gertrude the Great Church in Ohio by the recently deceased Mr. Richard Vande Ryt (on who's surviving YouTube channel you can view other Catholic ceremonies of the "unreformed" traditional Catholic Holy Week here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3RUh45UX5YNTWjd9kGZdwA).

    [Note that Tenebrae (i.e., Matins and Lauds for Holy Thursday, Friday, Saturday) is always anticipated, so that the Maundy Thursday Tenebrae below is to be recited Wednesday evening and so forth, beginning about 8PM (or shortly after Compline).]



    Maundy Thursday Tenebrae (Part I):





    Maundy Thursday Tenebrae (Part II): Missing


    Maundy Thursday Tenebrae (Part III):




    Good Friday Tenebrae (Part I):




    Good Friday Tenebrae (Part II):




    Good Friday Tenebrae (Part III):

    Rom 5: 20 - "But where sin increased, grace abounded all the more."


    Offline SeanJohnson

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #2 on: April 02, 2021, 07:27:46 PM »
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  • Bump.
    Rom 5: 20 - "But where sin increased, grace abounded all the more."

    Offline SeanJohnson

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #3 on: April 09, 2022, 07:15:18 AM »
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  • Bump
    Rom 5: 20 - "But where sin increased, grace abounded all the more."

    Online Ladislaus

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #4 on: April 09, 2022, 07:52:59 AM »
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  • Well, they actually did do Tenebrae at my Novus Ordo church (I usually served at it) ... in a form that was not much different than the Traditional.

    One thing you'll notice too is that the non-Mass NO Holy Week Liturgies are pretty close to the 1955 version ... which says something that they saw fit to keep those while tossing everything else out.


    Online Ladislaus

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #5 on: April 09, 2022, 07:56:09 AM »
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  • The traditional service was characterized by a number of special features, which gave it a striking figurative power, making it an unforgettable experience for the faithful. This was achieved by a unique interplay between light and darkness, sacred texts and chant that moved those present to the very depths of their soul.

    Same thing could be said of the Easter Vigil ... which should not be celebrated on Saturay morning.  Christ rose on the THIRD day, not the second.

    One time I attended it at Father Jenkins' chapel in Parma, OH (I and one other gentleman basically sang the entire thing ourselves ... we were the choir for that one), and right after the Vigil, still Saturday morning, the faithful were saying "Happy Easter" to one another ... nearly a full day early.  There was just something really off about that.

    Online PAT317

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #6 on: April 09, 2022, 07:58:15 AM »
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  • Same thing could be said of the Easter Vigil ... which should not be celebrated on Saturday morning.  Christ rose on the THIRD day, not the second.

    One time I attended it at Father Jenkins' chapel in Parma, OH (I and one other gentleman basically sang the entire thing ourselves ... we were the choir for that one), and right after the Vigil, still Saturday morning, the faithful were saying "Happy Easter" to one another ... nearly a full day early.  There was just something really off about that.

    I couldn't agree more.  

    Offline SeanJohnson

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #7 on: April 09, 2022, 08:18:44 AM »
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  • “Final Thoughts: For more than a thousand years, the ceremonies of Holy Saturday took place earlier in the day. The Extraordinary Form celebrates all vigils in the morning: the Vigil of Christmas, the Vigil of the Ascension, the Vigil of Pentecost, and so on. There’s nothing to be embarrassed about here. It is true the Exsultet makes reference to “this holy night”—but if we start down that road of “literalism” where will it end? Should we eliminate candles because we have electric lights? Surely not…”

    https://www.ccwatershed.org/2021/02/28/screenshots-proof-holy-saturday-took-place-in-the-morning/
    Rom 5: 20 - "But where sin increased, grace abounded all the more."


    Offline SeanJohnson

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #8 on: April 09, 2022, 08:57:54 AM »
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  • Dr. Carol Byrne:
    https://www.traditioninaction.org/HotTopics/f092_Dialogue_16.htm

    “A benighted reform

    The most popular argument put forward by the reformers in favor of changing the Easter Vigil was the alleged illogical character of lighting the Easter fire and candle in daylight hours. How absurd, they scoffed, to be singing about the darkness of “this night” in broad daylight – as if the Church had committed a liturgical gaffe that had gone unnoticed for 13 centuries.

    And so the reformers sneered and sniggered at the age-old Easter Vigil, led on by the instigator of the Liturgical Movement, Dom Beauduin, who stated scathingly in 1951:

    “How is it that we have endured and accepted uncritically for centuries the practice of singing the Exsultet and the Vere beata Nox (“O truly blessed night”) in broad daylight? And how many other equally serious anomalies we now accept without batting an eyelid! Surely this must lead us to conclude that our liturgical consciousness is not sufficiently enlightened?” (4) (See here)

    It was an astoundingly arrogant view that assumed that all his predecessors in the priesthood were either oppressed by tyrannical Church leaders or were too dim-witted to think for themselves and, furthermore, that there was only one way to think – his way. It was also a view that came to dominate and distort the thinking of theologians and liturgists up to our times. (5)

    But it was Beauduin and his fellow-reformers, not the followers of Tradition, who were the benighted ones. The central fallacy in Beauduin’s argument, which was enshrined in Maxima Redemptionis, was that midnight, or at least sundown, was the “proper” time to hold the Easter Vigil. (6)

    Cardinal WisemanCardinal Wiseman justified the traditional Easter vigil ceremonies
    Having claimed to be following the superior path of enlightenment over the Church’s lex orandi, Beauduin failed to see what was glaringly obvious to well instructed Catholics: that the references to the “night” in the traditional Easter Vigil had a mystical rather than a naturalistic significance.

    Let us listen to the following explanation of this point given by a Prelate who had never been indoctrinated in the Liturgical Movement’s ideology. With reference to the Easter Vigil, Cardinal Nicholas Wiseman (1802-1865), the first Archbishop of Westminster, stated: “The service speaks of the ‘night;’ it is the night in which Israel escaped from Egypt, and which preceded the resurrection of Christ.” (7) 

    In other words, “night” was used in the Vigil texts in a pre-figurative sense, (8) as a metaphor for the darkness of the world in the bondage of sin before the Redemption. It has no intrinsic connection with the time when the sun sinks below the horizon.”
    Rom 5: 20 - "But where sin increased, grace abounded all the more."

    Online Ladislaus

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #9 on: April 09, 2022, 09:16:07 AM »
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  • In other words, “night” was used in the Vigil texts in a pre-figurative sense, (8) as a metaphor for the darkness of the world in the bondage of sin before the Redemption. It has no intrinsic connection with the time when the sun sinks below the horizon.”

    Absolutely false.

    Offline SeanJohnson

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #10 on: April 09, 2022, 09:24:37 AM »
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  • Absolutely false.

    The Cardinal is wrong; Lad is right.  Got it :facepalm:
    Rom 5: 20 - "But where sin increased, grace abounded all the more."


    Offline SeanJohnson

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #11 on: April 09, 2022, 09:27:01 AM »
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  • Absolutely false.

    Absolutely gratuitous.
    Rom 5: 20 - "But where sin increased, grace abounded all the more."

    Offline Incredulous

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #12 on: April 09, 2022, 01:07:54 PM »
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  • How the Office of Tenebrae Was Sabotaged
    Dr. Carol Byrne, Great Britain

    Among the liturgical treasures of Holy Week targeted by the reformers was the ancient service of Tenebrae (a Latin word meaning darkness) – so called because of its gradual extinguishing of lights – which had a continuous history of use in the Church since at least the 7th century until 1955. Yet many Catholics today have not the slightest notion that such a service ever existed in the Church, let alone what it entailed or what it was meant to signify, so great were the progressivists’ efforts to keep them, in quite another sense, in the dark.

    Tenebrae consisted of two components of the Divine Office, Matins and Lauds, which originated from the monastic liturgy and were chanted by the monks after midnight and before dawn respectively. But from the early Middles Ages, the Church, wishing to make these “hours” available during Holy Week at a more convenient time for the faithful, joined them into one single service to be performed on the Wednesday, Thursday and Friday evenings, thus anticipating Matins and Lauds of Holy Thursday, Good Friday and Holy Saturday.

    The distinctive character of Tenebrae

    The traditional service was characterized by a number of special features, which gave it a striking figurative power, making it an unforgettable experience for the faithful. This was achieved by a unique interplay between light and darkness, sacred texts and chant that moved those present to the very depths of their soul.


    A dramatic service where a candle is extinguished after the chanting of each Psalm
    [size={defaultattr}][font={defaultattr}]
    And it was rich in scriptural passages bearing theological, mystical and allegorical meanings that had been specially chosen to arouse feelings of grief and compassion for the sufferings of Our Lord and, consequently, of sorrow and detestation of sin, which was their cause.

    The whole service was conducted in an atmosphere of solemn mourning. The Lamentations of Jeremiah were sung in the so-called Planctus (“weeping”) tone specific to certain parts of Holy Week which, however, fell out of favor after 1955. Together with the responsories, antiphons and Psalm 50 (Miserere), they are universally recognized as the most sublime examples of choral music in the Church’s repertoire, made famous by celebrated composers e.g. Palestrina, Allegri, Victoria and Tallis.

    The ceremony was usually timed to begin in the early evening, when the natural light was fading from the sky and to end in complete darkness. The main source of illumination in the church was candle light, and all eyes were directed to 6 candles on the main altar and 15 on a triangular candlestick called a hearse, (1) symbolizing the Holy Trinity.

    After each Psalm was chanted (9 for Matins, 5 for Lauds), one of the candles on the hearse was extinguished, leaving the one at the apex (representing Christ) still burning. While the canticle known as the Benedictus was chanted at the end of Lauds, the six candles on the high altar were also extinguished sequentially, alternating from side to side. Near the end of the ceremony, two dramatic events, highly charged with theological significance, were enacted.

    First, the “Christ candle” was removed and temporarily hidden behind the altar, plunging the whole sanctuary into darkness – a symbolic reminder of what it is like to be deprived of Christ, the Light of the World. (John 8:12)

    Second, the sudden irruption of the strepitus (Latin for a loud noise) produced by banging books against the pews, filled the darkness.

    It was meant to invoke the earthquake that happened after the Crucifixion, the convulsion of nature that accompanied the death of its Author. Lastly, the “Christ candle” was reinstated on the hearse as a sign of the Resurrection, and all departed in silence.

    [/font][/size]

    Psalm 50 that begins with King David's lament Miserere mei was eliminated with no reason given
    [size={defaultattr}][font={defaultattr}]
    It may be difficult to believe, but Psalm 50 – the Miserere – was almost completely eliminated from the Divine Office of the entire Triduum. (2) As a mark of its importance in the spiritual life of the Church, it used to be said both at the beginning and at the end of Lauds, as well as at the end of all the Hours of the Triduum. But, the reform prohibited its recitation at the conclusion of all the Hours of the Triduum, leaving only the one at the beginning of Lauds. Thus, the reform greatly restricted the frequency of the Miserere – the most penitential of all the Psalms.

    This practically banished the Allegri’s Miserere whose hauntingly beautiful melody and ethereal quality were the high point of the traditional Tenebrae service and which, in the words of Card. Wiseman, were capable of “leaving on the soul a solemn impression of harmonious feeling which no words I have could describe.” (3)

    Ironically, in spite of being sabotaged in 1956, Allegri’s Miserere has maintained its appeal outside the Church, not only in Anglican and Lutheran services of Tenebrae, but most especially in the concert hall where it continues to enjoy worldwide acclaim.

    Its restriction was bound to have profound implications for the Catholic moral life, far beyond the loss of its cultural or musical value. It is not without significance that the Miserere was David’s prayer of repentance and plea for forgiveness after his adultery with Bathsheba.

    As the liturgy is, in accordance with the adage lex orandi lex credendi, the prophetic witness of the Church’s Faith, it not only speaks – or, in this case, sings – what God has appointed us to believe, but also encourages us to live a life of holiness in obedience to the Divine Commandments.

    Unfortunately, regarding the faithful who had been attracted and edified by the Miserere, its restriction was a misfortune for the Church, because its doctrinal impact was greatly diminished. Among other consequences, the current failure to address moral issues concerning the 6th Commandment, particularly adultery, from a Catholic perspective can be traced back to its origin in the 1956 reforms. (4)

    Continued

    [/font][/size]

    • Although the number of candles varied throughout the Middle Ages, the triangular shape of the stand is of ancient origin. It was used during the Tenebrae service as mentioned in an Ordo (book of ceremonials) of the 7th century published by the historian Mabillon, which suggests an even earlier usage.
    • This order was given in Ordo Hebdomadae Sanctae (The New Order of Holy Week) published by the Sacred Congregation of Rites in January 1956.
    • Nicholas Wiseman, Four lectures on the offices and ceremonies of Holy Week, C. Dolman, London, 1839, p. 7.
    • In his General Audience of March 30, 2016, Pope Francis mentioned this Psalm in connection with God’s forgiveness for the sin of adultery. But, departing from the teaching of the Council of Trent, he made no clear reference to the necessary conditions for obtaining Divine mercy – repentance and a firm purpose of amendment. He said nothing whatsoever about the necessity of penance or reparation.

    Thank you for this Sean!

    "Some preachers will keep silence about the truth, and others will trample it underfoot and deny it. Sanctity of life will be held in derision even by those who outwardly profess it, for in those days Our Lord Jesus Christ will send them not a true Pastor but a destroyer."  St. Francis of Assisi

    Offline gladius_veritatis

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #13 on: April 09, 2022, 09:00:18 PM »
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  • It is sublime, especially the Lamentations of Jeremias.  I think we sang them in the Tone of Silos, but it's been a long time.  I posted a video on CI of myself singing the First Lamentation (Aleph), but who knows if it is still here.

    Have a blessed Holy Week, everyone.
    "Fear God, and keep His commandments: for this is all man."

    Online Ladislaus

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    Re: Modernists Suppress Tenebrae
    « Reply #14 on: April 10, 2022, 11:15:45 AM »
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  • It is sublime, especially the Lamentations of Jeremias.  I think we sang them in the Tone of Silos, but it's been a long time.  I posted a video on CI of myself singing the First Lamentation (Aleph), but who knows if it is still here.

    Have a blessed Holy Week, everyone.

    I can't even remember which ones I sang, but it's some of the most beautiful chant in existence.