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Author Topic: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?  (Read 5949 times)

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Offline SimpleMan

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Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
« on: June 04, 2025, 11:17:08 PM »
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  • Much of the argument for maintaining the Traditional Latin Rite of Mass rests upon the papal bull Quo primum, promulgated by Pope St Pius V in 1570.  In this docuмent, as I am sure almost all here know, Pius V said that the missal must never be changed and remains in force forever.

    Just for the sake of argument, is it possible that Pius exceeded his authority, in attempting to bind future Popes to his missal, and tying their hands, as it were, regarding any changes?  I have never heard apologists for the Novus Ordo make this argument, but it is one that could be made, not saying that I am proposing this, just, as I said above, for the sake of argument.  Is it possible that he did, indeed, go beyond his authority in binding future Popes, and that, for whatever reason, nobody ever "called his hand on it" prior to the Vatican II era?

    Sadly, we do not have any contemporary sources who could have asked Pius, "let's get this straight now, Your Holiness, do you mean that future Popes can never change in any way (aside from the common-sense scenario of adding propers for newly canonized saints) the missal that you have promulgated, and if so, how can a purely disciplinary matter (which is what this seems to be), as opposed to one touching upon doctrine or dogma, be decreed for all time?".

    Just saying.

    Offline SimpleMan

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #1 on: June 05, 2025, 12:58:56 AM »
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  • Much of the argument for maintaining the Traditional Latin Rite of Mass rests upon the papal bull Quo primum, promulgated by Pope St Pius V in 1570.  In this docuмent, as I am sure almost all here know, Pius V said that the missal must never be changed and remains in force forever.

    Just for the sake of argument, is it possible that Pius exceeded his authority, in attempting to bind future Popes to his missal, and tying their hands, as it were, regarding any changes?  I have never heard apologists for the Novus Ordo make this argument, but it is one that could be made, not saying that I am proposing this, just, as I said above, for the sake of argument.  Is it possible that he did, indeed, go beyond his authority in binding future Popes, and that, for whatever reason, nobody ever "called his hand on it" prior to the Vatican II era?

    Sadly, we do not have any contemporary sources who could have asked Pius, "let's get this straight now, Your Holiness, do you mean that future Popes can never change in any way (aside from the common-sense scenario of adding propers for newly canonized saints) the missal that you have promulgated, and if so, how can a purely disciplinary matter (which is what this seems to be), as opposed to one touching upon doctrine or dogma, be decreed for all time?".

    Just saying.
    Ultra vires, that's the term I was seeking.  Anyone?


    Offline Stubborn

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #2 on: June 05, 2025, 05:57:22 AM »
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  • Just for the sake of argument, is it possible that Pius exceeded his authority, in attempting to bind future Popes to his missal, and tying their hands, as it were, regarding any changes?  I have never heard apologists for the Novus Ordo make this argument, but it is one that could be made, not saying that I am proposing this, just, as I said above, for the sake of argument.  Is it possible that he did, indeed, go beyond his authority in binding future Popes, and that, for whatever reason, nobody ever "called his hand on it" prior to the Vatican II era?
    The NO apologists say that one pope's law cannot bind future popes, which is also the reason they end up giving for the new mass, after all, "Equals have no power over each other," as if that's even a reason for doing what has been done.

    Snip from a previous post:

    Question: But the people say that the people make the contention that pope Paul VI had the right so therefore we must accept it.

    Fr. Wathen: That of course is a central question. We deny that he had such a right. That exactly is the point. We have every reason to question whether the pope had the authority to introduce a brand new mass, introduce a new Rite of the liturgy of the Western Church. We believe that when one reads Quo Primum of St. Pius V, he can see clearly that it is altogether forbidden for his successors, any of his successors to go contrary to this law.

    Here is a key question, whether a successor can override pope Pius V with regard to the establishment of the Rite of the Mass. It’s a key question.

    It was never considered that the pope could go contrary to this ruling because Quo Primum was issued to protect the Mass. It was as strong of legislation as the pope could possibly impose. If we say that his successor is not bound by this legislation, we have to say that the Church has no way of protecting it’s own liturgy....


    ...Question: The Council of Trent Canon 6 says “if anyone says the Mass contains errors, therefore should be abrogated let them be anathema”. Would something like that hold any weight pertaining to what pope Paul VI did? In a way he was saying that it did contain errors therefore should be abrogated did he not?

    Fr.I would not say that his changing the Rite of the Mass was a suggestion that there was fault in the old Mass, that canon simply states that the doctrine expressed by the prayers and the ritual of the traditional Mass are thoroughly Catholic, that everyone may have confidence that there is no doctrinal error expressed by this Rite. The matter of the new mass must be considered first of all why the new mass was introduced. Was it introduced because it was suggested there was some deficiency in the old mass, was it introduced for less cogent reasons? It was never suggested that there was some deficiency, it was suggested that there was room for improvement.  ……no sufficient reason was ever given, and no one has a sufficient reason. The only reason they have is that one pope may override the rules and the laws of another. This is an error....


    ...Question: Fr., there's an old legal principle which says; "he who makes the law can change the law", would this also apply in the church? In other words, we had pope Paul VI making a change, did he not have a right to make this change and must not we, as Catholics, follow whatever change he authorizes? 

    Fr. Wathen:
    I do not agree that he who makes the law may always abrogate it, especially if he who makes the law is doing nothing else but enunciating and particularizing a tradition.

    When pope Pius V established the Mass, he was merely canonizing a tradition. He was fixing something and making it irrevocable and unchangeable after centuries of development. Pope Pius V, once he made this law, had no right to change it, simply because, that is an error. The pope's business is not to make and then to change, the pope's business is to preserve, to formulate, in order that there be a preservation of all that was established, even by the Apostles. 

    There was a period during the 60s in which changed began to be made in the traditional latin mass. We know now that these changes were conditional. Which is to say that they had the purpose of conditioning people for a situation which the liturgy would always be subject to change. The changes were of various sorts, the purpose however was not so much the changes themselves, but to educate the people to a totally new idea, an anti-traditional idea, that the liturgy henceforth would be subject to indefinite change - which is to say not only will the external ritual be patient of an infinite variety of changes, but the doctrine also, the beliefs which the ritual expresses will also be under constant revolution........       

    …… The Mass of the Roman Rite, there is only one, Pius V said that there could never be but one, and he had the authority to impose this for all time. 

    [People have the idea that] he (PPV) did not have the authority to do so, even to the extent of binding all his successors, this is to say that he, the pope, did not even know the limits of his own authority.  This is to say that this pope attempted to do something which he had no authority to do. And we say well then if he did not have that authority, then his authority was limited. We say that if his authority is limited, then all his successors authority is limited also.

    We say yes, the authority of the pope is limited, but it is not limited to establishing the liturgy of the Mass for all time, [rather] it is limited to where a successor cannot discard this Mass because of a whimsy or a deviation in Catholic belief, and there has to be a deviation in Catholic belief on the part of pope Paul VI who would introduce such a mass  as what we have, the Novus Ordo Missae..."
     


         
    "But Peter and the apostles answering, said: We ought to obey God, rather than men." - Acts 5:29

    The Highest Principle in the Church: "We are first of all under obedience to God, and only then under obedience to man" - Fr. Hesse

    Offline anonymouscatholicus

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #3 on: June 05, 2025, 06:15:11 AM »
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  • As per introibo blog: 

    "No canonist or theologian ever taught that
     Quo Primum meant the Mass could never change.

    In the very front of every pre-Vatican II Missale Romanum, after Quo Primum, is the decree cuм Sanctissimum of Pope  Clement VIII (1604). Only 34 years after Quo Primum, changes were made.

    Pope Pius XII and the Code of Canon Law would be in error for teaching that the Supreme Pontiff can "recognize and establish any practice touching the worship of God, to introduce and approve new rites, as also to modify those he judges to require modification.

    However, they are not wrong because the Church is infallible in Her universal disciplinary laws, such as the 1917 Code of Canon Law."

    So in other words, pope cannot bind future pope in disciplinary matters. Hope that helps. Short answer- no pope Pius V did not overstep his authority. 


    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #4 on: June 05, 2025, 07:48:14 AM »
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  • I think that St. Pius V recognized the basic principle of law that no equal can bind an equal, but I believe the intent was that it will remain in force continually ... unless altered or revoked by a future pope.

    There's one sense in which positive law established by a pope ceases with his death, and that the next pope would have to re-affirm his laws / rules / regulations / commands upon his election for them to continue to have force.  I think all this language does is to indicate that it remains in force unless explicitly revoked or altered.  There are some cases where a Pope could legislate for the future, e.g. for the upcoming Conclave and where that legislation would remain in force even after his death.  In many cases, since there's too much out there for a Pope to explicitly affirm, the Pope is considered to tacitly affirm anything which he does not revoke or alter, and I think that's all the QP language is doing here, affirming its continuity past the current papacy, i.e. the intention that it doesn't die with him.  I'm sure someone could think of some laws that would make no sense once the current Pope dies (since it's very specific to something he's doing).

    Now, the problem for sedeplenists is that Montini did in fact revoke / alter / amend it when he promulgated the NOM.  Father Cekada points out the language at the end where it says that the promulgation of NOM trumps, supercedes, and replaces all prior contrary legislation (and that would include Quo Primum).

    It's analogous perhaps to the language of "perpetual succession", which just means a continuity of the office from one occupier of the office to the next.  Same here with Quo Primum, where it means that from one pope to the next, it'll remain in force ... until revoked.


    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #5 on: June 05, 2025, 07:51:14 AM »
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  • As per introibo blog:

    "No canonist or theologian ever taught that
    Quo Primum meant the Mass could never change.

    In the very front of every pre-Vatican II Missale Romanum, after Quo Primum, is the decree cuм Sanctissimum of Pope  Clement VIII (1604). Only 34 years after Quo Primum, changes were made.

    Pope Pius XII and the Code of Canon Law would be in error for teaching that the Supreme Pontiff can "recognize and establish any practice touching the worship of God, to introduce and approve new rites, as also to modify those he judges to require modification.

    However, they are not wrong because the Church is infallible in Her universal disciplinary laws, such as the 1917 Code of Canon Law."

    So in other words, pope cannot bind future pope in disciplinary matters. Hope that helps. Short answer- no pope Pius V did not overstep his authority.

    That post doesn't come close to answering the question.  Just because future popes did not consider themselves bound by QP does not address why St. Pius V used language that might appear to bind his future successors, i.e. whether HE overstepped.

    I think the answer is in my post above, where that (formulaic) language simply means that the legislation is meant to have force beyond his reign, after his death, etc. ... UNLESS revoked by future Popes ... vs. simply being specific to his papal reign.

    Offline Pax Vobis

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #6 on: June 05, 2025, 09:01:45 AM »
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  • People often argue that St Pius V *couldnt* bind future popes.  Whether or not that’s true, is theoretical.  In practice, his law still stands, as Benedict XVI admitted in his 2006 motu. 

    One could argue that the V2 popes had the power to overturn Quo Primum, but…they never did.  So the question is irrelevant.  

    Offline Giovanni Berto

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #7 on: June 05, 2025, 10:01:26 AM »
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  • Now, the problem for sedeplenists is that Montini did in fact revoke / alter / amend it when he promulgated the NOM.  Father Cekada points out the language at the end where it says that the promulgation of NOM trumps, supercedes, and replaces all prior contrary legislation (and that would include Quo Primum).

    They are going to say that he did in "dialogue mode" :laugh1:, which means that it is a mere suggestion, even if the used the most formal and definitive terms that he could find. So much for logic.::)


    Offline Stubborn

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #8 on: June 05, 2025, 10:16:23 AM »
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  • Now, the problem for sedeplenists is that Montini did in fact revoke / alter / amend it when he promulgated the NOM.  Father Cekada points out the language at the end where it says that the promulgation of NOM trumps, supercedes, and replaces all prior contrary legislation (and that would include Quo Primum).
    Negative. Pope Paul VI in fact did *not* revoke / alter / amend it, nor does it somehow mystically trump, supersede, and replace the law of Quo Primum, regardless of what Fr. Cekada said....

    "Art 1.  The Roman Missal promulgated by Pope Paul VI is the ordinary expression of the lex orandi (rule of prayer) of the Catholic Church of the Latin rite.  The Roman Missal promulgated by Saint Pius V and revised by Blessed John XXIII is nonetheless to be considered an extraordinary expression of the same lex orandi of the Church and duly honoured for its venerable and ancient usage.  These two expressions of the Church’s lex orandi will in no way lead to a division in the Church’s lex credendi (rule of faith); for they are two usages of the one Roman rite." - Pope Benedict XVI
    "But Peter and the apostles answering, said: We ought to obey God, rather than men." - Acts 5:29

    The Highest Principle in the Church: "We are first of all under obedience to God, and only then under obedience to man" - Fr. Hesse

    Offline Yeti

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #9 on: June 05, 2025, 10:59:41 AM »
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  • Much of the argument for maintaining the Traditional Latin Rite of Mass rests upon the papal bull Quo primum, promulgated by Pope St Pius V in 1570.  In this docuмent, as I am sure almost all here know, Pius V said that the missal must never be changed and remains in force forever.
    .

    Unfortunately this is a misconception, and it has plagued the traditional Catholic movement since the beginning.

    Right after Vatican 2 and the imposition of the new Mass, a lot of Catholics correctly identified these things as contrary to the faith and rejected them. However, since these things seemed to come from the authority of the Church, they attempted to explain their rejection of these things through Catholic principles.

    All of this is well and good, but unfortunately these good people came up with a lot of mistaken or erroneous principles to explain their heroic rejection of modernism and the new church. This was not really anybody's fault, since the situation was unprecedented and most people were just not sufficiently educated to know how to understand what was happening. Priests before Vatican 2 were not really prepared theologically for the crisis either.

    It was only with time that people were able to do enough research to understand the situation in the Church better, and see as more time went on that the crisis was not simply a few mistaken judgment calls from an ignorant pope or two, but a complete (attempted) takeover and replacement of the Catholic Church by heretics intent on destroying the Faith. I say their takeover was only an attempt because the Church is indefectible and did in fact continue in the faithful who rejected the Vatican 2 church and its modernism, and continues in us here today who not only believe and practice the Faith of all time, but also reject the attacks against it coming from Vatican 2 and the modernist apostate fake hierarchy.

    I preface my answer with all of this because I don't want to sound like I'm throwing anyone under the bus when I say the Quo Primum justification for rejecting the Novus Ordo and continuing to use the tridentine Mass is simply not correct. First of all it is not correct to say that a pope can make a law saying some liturgical norm must be used forever. Secondly it is not correct that St. Pius V even intended to do that anyway; when he said the tridentine missal must be used forever, he simply meant the law was permanent in that it had no expiration date. He was not saying no future pope could change what he had established. That would only be possible if it were a matter of dogmatic definition or irreformable teaching on faith or morals, which a iiturgical norm is not. Thirdly, it is not true to say that Paul VI did not promulgate the Novus Ordo, or did not tell anyone they had to use it. Paul VI promulgated the Novus Ordo missae in a similar way to how St. Pius V promulgated the tridentine Mass.

    Fr. Cekada discussed all of these errors in some of his articles, one of the best of which directly addresses your questions. Because yes, you are correct that this argument is problematic and should not be used.

    So, to answer the question at the beginning of the thread as to whether St. Pius V exceeded his authority, the answer is of course not. It is only people now who misunderstand the nature of what he commanded and its binding force.

    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #10 on: June 05, 2025, 11:00:27 AM »
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  • Negative. Pope Paul VI in fact did *not* revoke / alter / amend it ...

    False.  So you quote Ratzinger as your "authority" (while rejecting 99% of what he says).  Montini clearly stated that the NOM abrogated anything before it.

    Ratzinger was an agent whose job it was to re-absorb the Traditional Catholics (primarily SSPX) via the Motu and then paying some lip-service to the Tridentine Mass and Trad concerns as part of the tactic.  Ganswein admitted as much.


    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #11 on: June 05, 2025, 11:05:02 AM »
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  • Fr. Cekada discussed all of these errors in some of his articles, one of the best of which directly addresses your questions. Because yes, you are correct that this argument is problematic and should not be used.

    So, to answer the question at the beginning of the thread as to whether St. Pius V exceeded his authority, the answer is of course not. It is only people now who misunderstand the nature of what he commanded and its binding force.

    He also shows elsewhere that in the docuмent where Montini promulgated the NOM, he has the same clause that appeared at the end of QP where it superceded and trumped the preceding legislation.

    I do disagree with Fr. Cekada that the "forever" part was JUST "boilerplate".  I think it had an actual concrete meaning ... where the pope intends to make it clear that the legislation wasn't issued in any a priori time-bound fashion.  Some legislation says when it takes force and then when it remains in force til, or some legislation may be assumed to be the will of the pope and only makes sense while he's alive, etc.

    So the intent there was that this legislation has force from NOW until ... [open-ended], and continues to remain in force even after this pope here or others die [until such a time as it's changed or revoked].

    Offline Yeti

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #12 on: June 05, 2025, 11:20:30 AM »
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  • This also highlights the problems that arise when you don't give the real reason for something. This happens a lot in the conservative wing of the Novus Ordo church. They reject modernism and the errors of Vatican 2 and sometimes the new Mass as well, but they come up with absurd, convoluted legal arguments to justify it. An extreme example is the "body-double of Paul VI" argument, but other examples are the claims that Vatican 2 was only a pastoral council and can simply be ignored (both of which are false), or the claim that only ex cathedra pronouncements of popes must be accepted. 

    There are several problems with using these sorts of arguments. One of which is that they are easily refuted, after which the person saying them must be considered a heretic or schismatic by rejecting the teaching of what people think is the Church on improper grounds. Secondly, they are spreading theological error by these claims, so that people who find them convincing come away with gallican views that nearly deny the authority of the Church. Thirdly, when people find out they are absurd, they sometimes end up going back to the new church because they see that the new church really won the argument in a way. 

    Offline SimpleMan

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #13 on: June 05, 2025, 11:53:29 AM »
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  • This also highlights the problems that arise when you don't give the real reason for something. This happens a lot in the conservative wing of the Novus Ordo church. They reject modernism and the errors of Vatican 2 and sometimes the new Mass as well, but they come up with absurd, convoluted legal arguments to justify it. An extreme example is the "body-double of Paul VI" argument, but other examples are the claims that Vatican 2 was only a pastoral council and can simply be ignored (both of which are false), or the claim that only ex cathedra pronouncements of popes must be accepted.

    There are several problems with using these sorts of arguments. One of which is that they are easily refuted, after which the person saying them must be considered a heretic or schismatic by rejecting the teaching of what people think is the Church on improper grounds. Secondly, they are spreading theological error by these claims, so that people who find them convincing come away with gallican views that nearly deny the authority of the Church. Thirdly, when people find out they are absurd, they sometimes end up going back to the new church because they see that the new church really won the argument in a way.

    And this is why I raised the question in the first place.  Simply relying upon Quo primum to justify retaining the TLM is a fairly weak argument, and we risk losing credibility if we lean too heavily upon it.  It is not totally without worth, but it needs to be enhanced by stronger and better arguments.

    The essential historicity and continuity of the TLM with the Roman Rite of St Gregory the Great, and even before that, is IMO a far better argument.  The NOM departs dramatically from the Gregorian/Pian missal, and the "bulldozer" approach it took to hitherto intact prayers is something unprecedented in the history of the Church.  Organic development it wasn't.

    Offline Yeti

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    Re: Did Pope St Pius V exceed his authority?
    « Reply #14 on: June 05, 2025, 12:02:59 PM »
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  • And this is why I raised the question in the first place.  Simply relying upon Quo primum to justify retaining the TLM is a fairly weak argument, and we risk losing credibility if we lean too heavily upon it.  It is not totally without worth, but it needs to be enhanced by stronger and better arguments.

    The essential historicity and continuity of the TLM with the Roman Rite of St Gregory the Great, and even before that, is IMO a far better argument.  The NOM departs dramatically from the Gregorian/Pian missal, and the "bulldozer" approach it took to hitherto intact prayers is something unprecedented in the history of the Church.  Organic development it wasn't.
    .

    The correct answer, in my opinion, is that the Novus Ordo contradicts the Faith and that is the reason it cannot be used. Therefore we simply continue to use the missal of St. Pius V, which is still in force.

    That's kind of an oversimplification, but that's the basic idea.