Regarding discipline of young children --
We have to keep in mind that the faculty of Reason develops over time in children, starting from zero. So at age 1, for example, your cute little boy/girl is no more rational than a dog or cat.
How does one discipline a dog or cat?
Always physical -- no negotiating, expostulating, arguing, or explaining. You're not dealing with a fellow rational being.
Always immediate -- if too much time elapses from the instant of the "offense", the dog/cat/toddler will be confused as to why you're punishing them.
The less Reason you have, the more you live in the moment -- the less you can connect things together.
And you must always have the mentality "What I say goes" and "I am always right". Don't drive yourself crazy trying to justify your critique of their irrational or foolish behavior. Your children might be right once in a while when they're older -- but not now.
Certain sayings are 100% true regarding child discipline and correction --
An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
A stitch in time saves nine. (A single stitch done in a timely manner to a piece of ripped clothing is better than waiting till later and having to put NINE stitches in)
Etc.
If you don't like spanking children, then you REALLY need to make sure your plants grow straight up from the time they're seedlings. It's only when you let your plants grow wild that you need to get out the serious pruning shears later.