Satoko Kitahara (北原 怜子,
Kitahara Satoko, 22 August 1929 – 23 January 1958) – later known as
Elisabeth Maria Life
Childhood and war
Satoko Kitahara was born in
Japan on 22 August 1929 to
aristocrats as one of five children (four girls and one boy).
[2] Kitahara was descended from
samurai warriors and was raised in a
Shintō household (she was also descended from
Shintō priests).
[1][4]The Kitahara's supported the Japanese war effort during
World War II with both her father and brother-in-law being
sent to fight. Her older brother was summoned to work in the Nakajima Airplane Warehouse which prompted Kitahara to join him there during the course of the war.
[4] Her time there was interrupted with frequent warning sirens due to continuous bombings and she even survived a U.S. bombing of the plant (sending her into deep shock) but contracted
tuberculosis as a result of the attack.
[1][2] Her brother succuмbed from
pneumonia not long following this. In the warehouse she became appalled with the unchaste behavior of some of her colleagues and soon became dissolusioned after reports of
Japanese atrocities during the war were made public. Over time she came to believe that the Shintō religion provided nothing for her.
[3]Her chance encounter with
Roman Catholicism began her entrance into the Church after having seen Christian individuals and having attended
catechism classes. But she looked towards the faith-motivated charitable works of some Christians and became fascinated with them.
[3]First exposure to Catholicism
Kitahara developed an admiration for the work of Doctor
Albert Schweitzer around this point and commenced her
college education once the war ended.
[2] In March 1948, while a
pharmaceutical student in the department of medicine at the
Showa Women's College, she and a classmate took a stroll one afternoon in
Yokohama. The pair asked themselves about the meaning of life which Kitahara came to question following a series of life events. One such event was avoiding death after a
bus almost ran her over in 1935. Two siblings had died from illness in the war and she gave up her idea of becoming a
concert pianist to turn towards medicine.
[3] Kitahara would often pass churches and felt compelled to look inside but was frightened and nervous to do so. But this March afternoon was when she and her friend noticed a man going into the church of the Sacred Heart which enticed the pair to follow him inside. Inside she was spellbound upon seeing a Marian statue (she did not know who it depicted) while in 1950 writing that she became overwhelmed with an "indefinable emotion".
[3] In the next few months she made a series of visits to more churches.
It was not long prior to her graduation that - in March 1949 - she encountered a student who expressed happiness to the point where Kitahara inquired as to their cause of this. The student said that she began attending the same church that Kitahara had gone into back in 1948. Kitahara obtained her
diploma in 1949 upon her graduation. Her father did not share her interest in Roman Catholicism but wanted his granddaughter (her niece) Choko to receive a good education. To that end he sent Choko to a school that the
Mercedarian Sisters (who hailed from
Spain) managed. Kitahara encountered the order when she accompanied Choko to the school and was awestruck upon seeing a Japanese
nun wearing the
Mercedarian habit. Sometime later Choko began attending
Mass in the
convent school and the Mother Superior invited Kitahara to attend upon seeing her with Choko.
Over time she became an obsessive cinema fan and went to the
movie theatre as often as six times a week.
[3]Baptism
It was not long until the nuns were proving her with catechetical lessons and she began to attend morning Mass in the convent's chapel each 6:00am. Her father meanwhile had resolved never to oppose the aspirations of his children but disagreed with his daughter's approach to faith and decided to exchange ideas at dinner hoping to dissuade her.
[3] He urged her to recognize that the advance of science made religion obsolete while she countered that
miracles defied science in several reported cases which empowered the need for faith and reason. Kitahara converted to the faith and received
baptism on 30 October 1949 from Father Albert Bold (of the
Divine Word Missionaries) in which she assumed the name "Elisabeth".
[2] Bold went through the list of saint names to see which one she would like to take. He came across that of
Saint Elizabeth and told her of her service to the poor. Kitahara became excited and said with resolve: "I am taking that name. I am taking that name".
[3] Upon her baptism Bold gave her a
rosary which
Pope Pius XII had blessed. Her older sister Kazuko heard her mention that baptism made her "the bride of the Lord" and so volunteered to sew a white
wedding gown. This gown became a visible pledge to consecrate herself to
God. Kitahara assumed the name "Maria" upon her
Confirmation and again wore her wedding gown.
It was not long until she harbored dreams of becoming a Mercedarian nun herself. To that end she arranged to have one of the nuns teach her the
Spanish language (a requirement). Her dreams would soon be realized to the point she packed a black dress (in preparation for becoming a
postulant) and tucked a
train ticket beneath her
pillow.
[3] But the dream became shattered before she left after developing a high fever in which a doctor would diagnose her with tuberculosis. The Mercedarians could not receive a new postulant in poor health which saddened Kitahara and made her unsure of what God's plan for her was to be.
Meeting Żebrowski
In November 1950 - while helping her mother with household chores - she heard the store assistant from her older sister's shoe store call to her to meet a visitor. The visitor in question was the
Polish Conventual Franciscan friar Zeno Żebrowski (1891-1982) whom the assistant believed was a
priest (but was incorrect in that). Żebrowski had come to Japan in 1930 with
Saint Maximilian Maria Kolbe in order to
evangelize.
[3] The assistant told the friar that the store owner's sister was a Christian which interested the friar. His gaze upon her entrance became fixed to the rosary dangling off the sash of her
kimono. He asked in
Japanese if she was baptized to which she said that "I was baptized at the convent of the Mercedarians". He was pleased with this and startled Kitahara when he asked if she ever wanted to become a nun. This startled her because it was an innermost thought but nevertheless replied that she was interested in that path. Żebrowski assured her that the
Blessed Mother would guide her and before leaving gave her a pamphlet on the late Kolbe.
The assistant came to her home later that evening with the newspaper regarding the friar and some riverbank settlement of impoverished and homeless people known as Ants Town (Arinomachi). Kitahara wanted to help the children there but did not know how to contact the friar. That 1 December she was closing the shutters for the night when she noticed a robed figure running through the rain without an
umbrella and realized that it was Żebrowski.
[3] Kitahara ran after him - also without an umbrella - and wandered the streets to look for him. He greeted her when she found him and he would soon introduce her to the Ants Town and the work involved with it.
[2]Ants Town
Prior to
Christmas in 1950 the friar came to visit her with Matsui Toru who was one of the unofficial leaders of the settlement. Toru asked her to help entertain the children, for which she used her pianist abilities to both instruct and entertain them.
[3][2] Toru and Kitahara worked together. Toru was later baptized into the faith in 1953.
[1]Both she and Żebrowski collaborated to minister to the ill, the displaced, and the orphaned. Kitahara dedicated herself to alleviating the suffering of those whom the war had victimized.
[1] But she realized that she would be able to better help them if she became like them. To that end she renounced her wealth and status to live with the homeless and the outcast.
[1] Kitahara also resorted to rag-picking. It was not long until she led children in rag-picking expeditions and one of the participating adults was her own mother. In the beginning of 1951 she became a member of the
Militia Immaculatae. Her dedication to the children was strong and her commitment to the Ants Town grew stronger with each person she was able to aid.
Illness and death
Kitahara died at 7:00am on 23 January 1958 due to tuberculosis.
[3] She was buried in a plot at
Tama. Her mother entered the Church in 1962.
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