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Offline Soubirous

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Periti of Vatican II
« on: January 26, 2024, 04:27:36 PM »
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  • https://sharonkabel.com/periti-of-vatican-ii/

    Further background on the project: https://www.pillarcatholic.com/p/docuмenting-the-experts-of-vatican


    Quote
    The Periti of Vatican II is an open source project cataloging the theological experts (periti) who advised the Second Vatican Council.

     Browse the periti

    Browse the references

    Using the list of 479 council periti as published in the Acta synodalia Sacrosancti Concilii Oecuмenici Vaticani II (1980) as a foundation, The Periti of Vatican II is a spreadsheet of all known periti, conciliar and private, with over 30 data points to prove their identity, connection to the Council, and influence in the Church. Complementing the spreadsheet is a Zotero library, with research by and about the periti.

    The spreadsheet and reference library are freely available to download.

    The Periti of Vatican II was created and is managed by Sharon Kabel, librarian and independent researcher.

    Backstory

    Periti were priests invited by the Vatican to assist the Second Vatican Council as theological experts.
    Quote
    “There were two categories of periti: Council and private. The pope appointed the Council periti, they could be assigned to serve on Conciliar commissions in addition to advising bishops. Individual bishops invited private periti for personal consultation and had no official standing at the Council.”
    Pyne, Tricia T. “The Archives of the Second Vatican Council Fathers Project: A Report from the United States.” U.S. Catholic Historian 30, no. 3 (2012): 51–63.
    The periti wielded surprising influence on all stages of the Council.
    Before the Council, they debated and drafted, working with other periti and Council Fathers.
    During the Council, they revised and interpreted, established daily press briefings, and about 5% of periti became bishops during the Council.
    Then they went home and promulgated and implemented the Council. They ran parishes, seminaries, radio stations, publishing houses, workshops, conferences, retreats, newspapers, missions, and universities.
    Some wrote hundreds of volumes; some wrote nothing. Some faced criminal charges, some are on the path to sainthood, some left the Church. One became pope!

    Despite being the most important religious event of the last century, the Council remains curiously under-docuмented in certain aspects. To date, there is no open access list of all known periti.
    This project fills that gap, and hopes to shed light on a group of men whose influence can still be felt, inside and outside of the Catholic Church.
    My primary sources
    For council periti, my sole source was:
    Quote
    “Index Peritorum.” In Acta synodalia Sacrosancti Concilii Oecuмenici Vaticani II. Indices, 937–49. Vatican City: Typis polyglottis Vaticanis, 1980.
    For private periti, I found them either incidentally through my research, or from searching the Catholic News Archive for:
    Quote
    peritus OR periti OR “council expert”~3
    The article below covered American periti, and I used Father Weiser’s list as a cross-reference.
    Quote
    Weiser, Francois. “The Periti of the United States and the Second Vatican Council: Prosopography of a Group of Theologians.” U.S. Catholic Historian 30, no. 3 (2012): 65–91.
    Lists of periti were also published in the Commisioni Conciliari, Annuario Pontificio, Civilta Cattolica, and the Irish Ecclesiastical Review, although I have not found hard copies yet.

    My data points

    The project started very simply. As it stood, the Vatican’s 1980 Acta list was nearly useless for me as a research tool, because of the layout of the text and the Latin first names. My goal was to retype the list, and add in the “real” first names.
    As I retyped the names and noted typos (which were depressingly frequent), the scope grew and grew and grew. I cataloged the original data points from the Vatican’s list (1-7), author identifiers (8-14), and information on their life, influence, and connection to the Council (15-33).
    • Last name
    • Latinized first name
    • Order (if applicable)
    • Attended Session I?
    • Attended Session II?
    • Attended Session III?
    • Attended Session IV?
    • Wikipedia
    • Wikidata
    • Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
    • Worldcat Identities
    • Catholic-Hierarchy
    • Find a Grave
    • Selected mention (a non-standardized reference to the peritus that confirmed their existence, name, and connection to the Council, such as a newspaper article, obituary, or book review)
    • Status (council or private peritus?)
    • Number of Wikipedia pages (captured in December 2022)
    • Country represented/country of origin (For example, some American periti were not American-born. They represented America at the Council, so I counted them as American. When I was unsure, I defaulted to country of origin, and the name of the country at the time of the peritus’ birth. I regret I may not have been perfectly consistent with this data point.)
    • Birth year
    • Death year
    • Age at start of Council
    • Age at death
    • Highest episcopal title (I looked for Superior General, Bishop, Cardinal, and Pope. A Cardinal-Deacon was counted as a Cardinal. An Archbishop was counted as a Bishop.)
    • Important (I have two definitions of “important”: was a peritus well known, or was their work highly influential even if they were not a household name?)
    • Photo no reuse (a link to a photo of the peritus, with unclear copyright status)
    • Photo reuse (a link to a photo of the peritus, in the public domain)
    • Change during Council (did the peritus become a bishop or die during the Council?)
    • Memoir on the Council (did the peritus write a book or article about their time as a peritus? I generally did not count autobiographies unless there was a chapter/section on the Council.)
    • Typo (did the Vatican’s list have a typo?)
    • Credibly accused (Was the peritus credibly accused of child sɛҳuąƖ abuse? This is only applicable to American periti, because I lack access to or awareness of lists/databases of clerical abuse in other countries.)
    • Humanae Vitae: where did the peritus stand on Humanae Vitae/artificial birth control?
    • Ethics Watch (did the peritus take a public position on something contrary to Church teaching? Were they accused of a crime other than child sɛҳuąƖ abuse?)
    • Left priesthood (did the peritus leave the priesthood and/or marry?)
    • Notes (was there any other fact about the peritus that I thought was important to highlight?)

    My secondary sources

    I used a wide variety of search engines and databases. The most useful and important are:
    • Catholic News Archive
    • Catholic Portal
    • Wikipedia
    • Wikidata
    • VIAF
    • Worldcat Identities
    • Catholic-Hierarchy
    • Find A Grave
    • Pro Publica’s “Credibly Accused”

    I owe a great debt to the Catholic News Archive, for making it so simple to find the first names of so many periti.
    Send me data!
    Periti work is never done! Periti with “null” as their first name are council periti whose identity I could not verify with online resources. There are more private periti out there, waiting to be cataloged.
    Contact me with suggestions, corrections, or questions.

    Let nothing disturb you, let nothing frighten you, all things pass away: God never changes. Patience obtains all things. He who has God finds he lacks nothing; God alone suffices. - St. Teresa of Jesus

    Offline Twice dyed

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #1 on: January 27, 2024, 05:18:19 PM »
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  • This is a very interesting post. Periti facilitating Modernist in their agenda. Here is a 'copy paste' from Angelus News. You probably have this already; the more we know about our enemies, the better we can expose them for what they are: enemies of God. Pray++

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    US & World
    The bishops and the ‘periti’: Key church leaders at Vatican II
    Michael Swan
    Oct 11, 2012 •  4  Min Read



     
    The Second Vatican Council was the biggest stage in the history of the church.There were more bishops present than at any of the 20 previous councils stretching from the First Council of Nicaea in 325 to the First Vatican Council in 1870. The bishops present came from more countries, more cultures, more languages than the church had ever experienced.While all of the bishops were equal, some were more influential. Joining them were expert theologians whom pre-eminent cardinals and bishops brought with them. Known as "periti" in Latin, the official language of the council, they played a significant role throughout the council's deliberations.Here are a few of the names with starring roles at the council, which ran from Oct. 11, 1962, to Dec. 8, 1965:—Pope John XXIII: A plump, elderly, smiling Italian of peasant origins, Angelo Roncalli was supposed to be a caretaker after the long papacy of Pope Pius XII. He called the council and put the word "aggiornamento," or updating, on every Catholic's lips.—Pope Paul VI: Cardinal Giovanni Montini began the council as a curial insider in the secretariat of state who had worked closely with Pope Pius XII. He had doubts about Pope John's decision to call a council, but as his successor (he was elected pope in June 1963), he faithfully carried it to conclusion. During the council, he gave Mary the title Mother of the Church.—Cardinal Paul-Emile Leger: Montreal's archbishop wrote a letter in August 1962 to Pope John challenging the curial preparatory docuмents. The letter was eventually signed by a number of cardinals and archbishops, and the preparatory docuмents were reworked. He gave one of the council's closing speeches in 1965. During the three sessions of the council, he argued for a stronger statement against anti-Semitism, greater Catholic commitment to ecuмenism and a re-examination of church teaching on birth control with more emphasis on love shared between a man and woman as the final purpose of marriage. Once considered a candidate for the papacy, he retired in 1968 to become a missionary in Cameroon.—Cardinal Augustin Bea: Jesuit rector of the Pontifical Biblical Institute in Rome who eventually headed the Secretariat for Christian Unity was in the front line of defense against attempts by the Roman curia to control the council agenda. A German, Cardinal Bea was deputized by Pope John to ensure the council said something bold on the Catholic relationship with Jews and world religions. The result was one of the most important docuмents, "Nostra Aetate" ("In Our Era") on the relationship of the church to non-Christian religions.—Archbishop Dom Helder Camara: Head of the Archdiocese of Recife in Brazil's dry, impoverished northeast who spoke for the poor and alerted the world to the idea that the church was no longer a purely European phenomenon. Speaking for the world's largest Catholic population in Brazil, he insisted on new priorities.—Cardinal Josef Frings: The archbishop of Cologne, Germany, was an intellectual and a confidant of Pope John who supported a role for theologians that counterbalanced the influence of the curia.—Bishop Maxim Hermaniuk: As Ukrainian Catholic bishop of Winnipeg, Manitoba, he chaired the 15-member delegation of Ukrainian bishops to the council. He insisted that the Catholic Church was more than the Roman Church, and fought for the principle of collegiality through a permanent synod of bishops. He also insisted that the 11th century excommunication of the patriarch of Constantinople was not based on any church teaching.—Cardinal Alfredo Ottaviani: A canon lawyer and prefect of the Holy Office (now called the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith), Cardinal Ottaviani's view of the council was framed by his anti-communism and opposition to theological modernism. He was the council's leading conservative.—Cardinal Leo Joseph Suenens: The great conciliator, a friend of both Pope John and Pope Paul, Cardinal Suenens was once thought likely to be elected pope. It was the cardinal who ironed out a program that satisfied the concerns of both Cardinal Leger and Cardinal Ottaviani.—Cardinal Eugene Tisserant: The French cardinal was the key to participation by bishops from behind the Iron Curtain. He negotiated a secret 1960 deal with Russia that allowed bishops to travel to the council in exchange for non-condemnation of atheistic communism. He was viewed as a conservative and a defender of the curia. He was also dean of the College of Cardinals.Here are some of the "periti," or experts, who had a role at the council:—Father Yves Congar: The Dominican expert in ecuмenism was one of many theologians helping the bishops at the council who had been forbidden to publish or teach during the pontificate of Pope Pius XII. Father Congar offered one of the biggest ideas at the council: that the church does not exist outside of history and church teaching constantly must be restated in new ways to speak to new realities. He survived almost five years as a POW in World War II and was a major influence on Archbishop Karol Wojtyla, who as Pope John Paul II made him a cardinal in 1994.—Father Henri de Lubac: A Jesuit silenced from 1950 to 1956, he was a prolific scholar associated with the "nouvelle theologie" (new theology) school. He promoted the idea of "ressourcement" at the council. Ressourcement is a return to the sources of Christian wisdom and a deepening of the church's understanding of itself, a movement that sought to retrieve Catholic teaching from the very earliest Christian communities and the desert fathers.—Father Joseph Ratzinger: The future Pope Benedict XVI was closely associated with the nouvelle theologie movement. He was an expert for Cardinal Frings who wrote detailed critiques of the original curial schema for the council.—Father Karl Rahner: This Jesuit's ideas are everywhere in the council docuмents. His conception of the Trinity, the idea of anonymous Christians, the pilgrim church and his rejection of the counter-reformation practice of developing positions by condemning other positions helped shape Vatican II. It was Father Rahner who after the council pointed out that it was the first ecuмenical council that was truly global, embracing a Catholic world beyond Europe.—Father Gregory Baum: The German-born Canadian theologian worked with Cardinal Bea on "Nostra Aetate," "Dignitatis Humanae," the Declaration on Religious Freedom and "Unitatis Redintegratio," the Decree on Ecuмenism, the three docuмents that redefined the church's relation to non-Christian religions and particularly to Jews, its attitude toward democracy and religious liberty, and its mission for the unity of all Christians.—Father Bernard Haring: The German Redemptorist taught how freedom of conscience was the necessary precondition for any meaningful morality. He was part of the commission which wrote "Gaudium et Spes," the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World from Vatican II.—CNS



    La mesure de l'amour, c'est d'aimer sans mesure.
    The measure of love is to love without measure.
                                     St. Augustine (354 - 430 AD)


    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #2 on: January 29, 2024, 08:02:07 AM »
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  • Part of the reason for the need for these "periti" were that the majority of Bishops were not particularly well trained in theology.  They were administrators, organizers, politicians, and builders more than they were theologians or even pastors.  Periti ran the Council while most of the Bishops spent their time knocking back martinis at the "Bar Jonah".

    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #3 on: January 29, 2024, 08:05:36 AM »
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  • Father Karl Rahner: This Jesuit's ideas are everywhere in the council docuмents. His conception of the Trinity, the idea of anonymous Christians, the pilgrim church and his rejection of the counter-reformation practice of developing positions by condemning other positions helped shape Vatican II. It was Father Rahner who after the council pointed out that it was the first ecuмenical council that was truly global, embracing a Catholic world beyond Europe.

    Rahner remarked after the Council that its most revolutionary aspect was related to EENS, an "increased hope of salvation" for non-Catholics ... and yet none of the conservative Fathers even noticed it.  It was the foundation for the entire new ecclesiology.  Since you can't deny that "No Salvation Outside the Church" is defined dogma (three times at least), the only way to accomplish this is by redefining "Church" and expanding it to be able to include non-Catholics.

    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #4 on: January 29, 2024, 08:06:03 AM »
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  • No mention of Fr. John Courtney Murray, SJ?


    Offline AnthonyPadua

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #5 on: January 29, 2024, 08:34:38 AM »
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  • Rahner remarked after the Council that its most revolutionary aspect was related to EENS, an "increased hope of salvation" for non-Catholics ... and yet none of the conservative Fathers even noticed it.  It was the foundation for the entire new ecclesiology.  Since you can't deny that "No Salvation Outside the Church" is defined dogma (three times at least), the only way to accomplish this is by redefining "Church" and expanding it to be able to include non-Catholics.
    But Pius 12th defined that only those Baptised and profess the true faith are members of the Body of Christ (the Church)...

    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #6 on: January 29, 2024, 09:03:44 AM »
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  • But Pius 12th defined that only those Baptised and profess the true faith are members of the Body of Christ (the Church)...

    That's nothing new, but they get around it by claiming you can be "in" the Church without being a member of the Church.  That is what I have referred to as Mgr. Fenton's "undigested hamburger" ecclesiology, where something can be IN the body without being part OF the body.

    Offline Soubirous

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #7 on: January 29, 2024, 10:20:47 AM »
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  • No mention of Fr. John Courtney Murray, SJ?

    Line 348 in the spreadsheet. Column B is sorted on the Latin first name (as from the Vatican data), thus "Murray, Ioannes" appears next in sequence after "Murray, Eduardus".
    Let nothing disturb you, let nothing frighten you, all things pass away: God never changes. Patience obtains all things. He who has God finds he lacks nothing; God alone suffices. - St. Teresa of Jesus


    Offline Soubirous

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #8 on: January 29, 2024, 10:22:45 AM »
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  • That's nothing new, but they get around it by claiming you can be "in" the Church without being a member of the Church.  That is what I have referred to as Mgr. Fenton's "undigested hamburger" ecclesiology, where something can be IN the body without being part OF the body.

    That's a vivid image... apt metaphor for didactic purposes.
    Let nothing disturb you, let nothing frighten you, all things pass away: God never changes. Patience obtains all things. He who has God finds he lacks nothing; God alone suffices. - St. Teresa of Jesus

    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #9 on: January 29, 2024, 03:45:17 PM »
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  • Line 348 in the spreadsheet. Column B is sorted on the Latin first name (as from the Vatican data), thus "Murray, Ioannes" appears next in sequence after "Murray, Eduardus".

    I only looked in what was posted here as well as the subsequent summary posted by "Twice dyed", and he wasn't on there.  To me, he's a rather notable figure, having produced several drafts of what would become the infamous Dignitatis Humanae.

    Offline Twice dyed

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    Re: Periti of Vatican II
    « Reply #10 on: January 31, 2024, 01:51:57 PM »
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  • I only looked in what was posted here as well as the subsequent summary posted by "Twice dyed", and he wasn't on there.  To me, he's a rather notable figure, having produced several drafts of what would become the infamous Dignitatis Humanae.

    https://ecommons.luc.edu/philosophy_facpubs/33/
    University Chicago Law Journal, Vol 50; An Unfinished Project: John Courtney Murray, by Miguel H. Diaz , 2018 , 23 pgs...Maybe this provides the methods, for today, of brandishing their evil agenda. Loyola U. 
    La mesure de l'amour, c'est d'aimer sans mesure.
    The measure of love is to love without measure.
                                     St. Augustine (354 - 430 AD)