Take a piece of paper.

Draw the sun, and the earth, one at each end.

Draw 2 lines -- one from the sun to the day/night terminator (dawn) at one end of the earth, then another line to the terminator (dusk) at the other end.
If you draw it TO SCALE, think about how shallow that angle is going to be. The 2 lines are going to be virtually parallel at those kind of distances. You're not going to get a near-180 degree "fan" of sun's rays, headed for different points on earth, visible from a point ON THE GROUND on earth. Not possible. How much can a person see at once, standing on the surface? Maybe 20 miles squared? 30 miles squared?

From earth, all the rays came from the same place and are heading to the same place. Again, we're talking about 93 million miles. The distance from dawn to dusk on one side of the earth is what, 7000 miles? 7000 miles is 0.000075269 the distance from the earth to the sun.

No, Matthew, not true what you say: "From earth, all the rays came from the same place and are heading to the same place." Look at your own image! Yes, all rays come from the same place (sun), but they don't head all to the same place. Look at your own image! There are those rays who head to a place on earth some few miles ahead of you on the left, and others head to a place on earth some few miles ahead of you on the right. Some lead to a place seen right on the image, and others left. And this happens as it happens completely independently of the distance of the sun. The sun may be thousands, millions, billions, or zillions of miles away. The result on the image, or as viewed live behind your house, stays the same. From behind your house, looking at the different places where the rays arrive on earth, these places are spread left, right, middle, wherever, completely independent of the distance of the sun, which illuminates all these places.

Matthew, imagine a pyramid. Square base, four triangles as sides. Imagine a wire-model, all edges are wires. You look from the bottom. Can you tell the height of the pyramid? No you can't! Whether the height is once, or twice, or a thousand times, or a million times the length of the edge of the square base, you can't tell the difference.

Same thing with the rays. Whether the sun is one mile away (as a naive observer of your image might think) or it is thousands of miles away (like FE-folks say) or millions of miles (like GE-folks say), you can't see the difference.

You absolutely could tell the height of the pyramid, based on the angles of the wires; the higher the pyramid, the greater the angle from the base.  If the pyramid were real short, you might even see an acute angle.  If it were taller, you'd eventually hit 45 degrees.  The taller it gets the closer the angles on the corners of the base will be to 90 degrees.

This whole story here is ridiculous without end. If you'd take seriously what you say, why then is the sun thousands of miles away (FE theory) and not just one mile or even less?

The sun is not a local point light source, otherwise its angular size would change as it moves. There is no large scale atmospheric magnification going on which would somehow perfectly match the local sun as it moves away.

And yet refraction perfectly follows the curvature of the earth, and you take zero account of the pictures where the sun get very small as it sets.  Pictures depend upon angles and whether the sun is going directly away from your or not.  Again, with your pics, no explanation of where they were taken.  When you're way up North during Northern summer the sun has some stranger patterns.

Just more of your confirmation bias.  I'll lay out a similar thread to the one I made about seeing too far which deals with the sun issue.  "See too far" thread lays out the arguments from both sides and demonstrates that how the FE position is much more persuasive.

There are many pictures which show the sun getting much smaller as it sets, just like your graphic indicates should happen on a Flat Earth.  But those are ignored.  You find one or two pictures that seem to support your position and slap them out there as proof.

If you look perpendicular from the bottom, you can't.

What, if you don't look to the side?  That's precisely what we're looking at with the sun ray angles.