Flat earth can and should be discussed in light of earlier Christians teachings and beliefs in order to get to the truth of the matter. Dismissing the possibility of a flat earth by making heliocentrism and the globe earth a forgone conclusion is neither scientific nor spiritual.
Both St. Basil and St. Augustine taught that shape of the earth has no spiritual significance and that Scripture is silent on the subject. This belief has persisted throughout the history of the Church and is repeated in magisterial docuмents. Starting with St. Bede around 700 AD the shape of the earth was unambiguously treated as a matter of science. The science accepted by Catholics from this point on was globe earth. (The line between science and religion was more complicated with geocentrism, but heliocentrism became acceptable in the 1700s.)
A discussion of earlier Christian teaching and beliefs supports the position of Sts. Basil and Augustine. The shape of the earth is not part of the faith and does not matter to the faith. If you want to discuss the science with no forgone conclusion, go ahead. You are free to believe flat earth as far as the Church cares, but you can't claim it is a Catholic belief or teaching.