Some of the debates among the Fathers actually help illustrate what they really believed.
They all unanimously believed that the earth was at the center of the universe. But there was a debate about how heavier matter, such as the earth, could remain suspended in the middle of the waters which surrounded it. See, for them, they believed in density, not gravity, so they held that the earth would sink to the bottom of the water, and the world would have to be at the bottom of the waters. St. Augustine wrote that he believed this opinion to be tenable because "bottom center" is still "center". Others had other theories about how water vortex or water pressure or simply God willing it caused the earth to remain suspended in these waters at the center, without sinking to the bottom. St. Ambrose was debating some group that believed that the earth was at the bottom because the vortex theory would, in their belief, cause the waters to flow down off the firmament. So the ones who believed that the earth was suspended in the middle held that the shape of this firmament (the world) was spherical, and that this sphere moved around the earth. Those who believed in the "center bottom" theory held that the earth was shaped like a hemisphere. Still others held that because Sacred Scripture described the firmament to be like a tent, that it wouldn't be spherical because tents are spherical (they held that it was more cone-shaped like a tent woudl be). This is the reference to the tabernacle (tent) of heaven. St. Augustine responded by saying that just as leather can be shaped like a sphere (referring to a ball), so even if it were fashioned of a tent-like material, it could still be spherical.
But in ALL of this, it's simply assumed that 1) the earth is the center of the universe (possibly bottom center) and 2) that the firmament is a very real and solid thing (not a metaphor for the sky) that kept real and solid water (not a metaphor for space) out of the First Heaven, i.e. the atmosphere.
I think that Dr. Sungenis recognizes that they believed in a solid substantial firmament, and thus he developed his solid infinitely-desnse Planck fabric theory as an alternative to a "space" that his nothingness. Interestingly, he too posits a way in which solid objects can move through this solid mesh ... similar to how some Fathers argued that solids can move through solids.