What I don't understand is if all this was condemned by the Catholic Church, then why did they teach a globe earth in their parochial schools?
The simple answer is, there are many varieties of globe earth theories. Those theories proposed by Copernicus and Galileo were heretical and condemned, not because they were globe per se, but because their theories violated Scripture and previous Church decisions on the matter.
Yes, the Church is often very slow to decide in matters of science. Because Her goal is to save souls, not teach science.
Case in point: The evolution proposed by Charles Darwin was condemned in the late 1800s. But in the early 1900s, the Church allowed discussion on "theistic evolution" (i.e. a very SPECIFIC variation on evolution where God was the author and which lined up with Scripture/Church Fathers.) Such a theory was not "approved" but only allowed for discussion, debate and scientific work.
In the same way, the Copernican/Galilean/Greek models of the universe are condemned. But the Church has not condemned GLOBEISM altogether (as She is not in the business of being a science teacher). So the globe theory (as long as it does not contradict Scripture/Church Fathers/Tradition) is ALLOWED TO BE TAUGHT, though that doesn't mean:
a. The Church approves of it
b. endorses it
c. agrees with it.
It simply means that the Church realizes that it's a THEORY, which does NOT POSE RELIGIOUS/SCRIPTURAL contradictions and does NOT POSE DANGERS TO THE FAITH or salvation.
It's much like an "imprimatur" at the beginning of a book. Most people (wrongly) assume this means that the Church endorses/approves of the book. No, it only means the Church DOESN'T SEE ANYTHING WRONG with the book. It's not an endorsement, but only a NEUTRAL APPROVAL. A big difference.