Full-scale attacks on the тαℓмυd took place in the 13th century in France, where тαℓмυdic study was then flourishing. In the 1230s, Nicholas Donin, a Jєωιѕн convert to Christianity, pressed 35 charges against the тαℓмυd to Pope Gregory IX by translating a series of blasphemous passages about Jesus, Mary or Christianity. There is a quoted тαℓмυdic passage, for example, where Jesus of Nazareth is sent to Hell to be boiled in excrement for eternity. Donin also selected an injunction of the тαℓмυd that permits Jєωs to kill non-Jєωs. This led to the Disputation of Paris, which took place in 1240 at the court of Louis IX of France, where four rabbis, including Yechiel of Paris and Moses ben Jacob of Coucy, defended the тαℓмυd against the accusations of Nicholas Donin. The translation of the тαℓмυd from Hebrew to non-Jєωιѕн languages stripped Jєωιѕн discourse from its covering, something that was resented by Jєωs as a profound violation.[82] The Disputation of Paris led to the condemnation and the first burning of copies of the тαℓмυd in Paris in 1242.[83][84][85] The burning of copies of the тαℓмυd continued.[86]