3. Haffner's Foreword contains references to "St. John Paul II" and "Blessed Paul VI."I just received a copy of the book.
Various sciences have their own proper subject matters, principles, and methods of proceeding and they proceed with different degrees of certitude. This is pure Aristotle and St. Thomas. In the Nic Ethics for instance Aristotle points out that it is a sign of a lack of wisdom to demand the same method and certitude be applied to one science as to another. He also mentions, when looking for the good of man, that a consideration of Plato's Subsisting Goodness Itself really belongs to another science (metaphysics) and so it is inappropriate to consider in the Ethics.
Out of curiosity... Are most creationists here of the opinion that the universe is quite young (6-10,000 yrs old)?
The age of the world is not the subject matter of opinion. It is the constant teaching of the Church. See the entire Patristic Deposit, the entire Sacred Liturgy (Mass and Divine Office), and the Roman Martyrology for December 25th. It is so difficult for us moderns to wrap our minds around the fact that the "long ages of the earth" myth has never, ever belonged to the mind of the Church. Only the children of this age find themselves perplexed.Are you at all concerned that you pit all of modern science (physics, geology, chemistry, astronomy, biology etc) against your reading of what the Catholic Church teaches on the matter of the age of the earth and universe? Is there not even just a little bit of fear and trepidation that you may perhaps be in the position of doing what Augustine and Aquinas warn us about, i.e. making a mockery of the faith by essentially telling others that their choice is between God and Catholic truth on the one hand and what reason seems to tell us regarding the natural world on the other? Many (most?) who recognize that we do obtain truth through scientific analyses of the natural world are left with the choice of either denying what reason seems to show and accepting Catholic truth, or denying Catholic truth. We can only hope that they will understand that your reading of Catholic truth might be a be a bit defective and that the choice is not faith or reason but faith and reason.
Are you at all concerned that you pit all of modern science (physics, geology, chemistry, astronomy, biology etc) against your reading of what the Catholic Church teaches on the matter of the age of the earth and universe? Is there not even just a little bit of fear and trepidation that you may perhaps be in the position of doing what Augustine and Aquinas warn us about, i.e. making a mockery of the faith by essentially telling others that their choice is between God and Catholic truth on the one hand and what reason seems to tell us regarding the natural world on the other? Many (most?) who recognize that we do obtain truth through scientific analyses of the natural world are left with the choice of either denying what reason seems to show and accepting Catholic truth, or denying Catholic truth. We can only hope that they will understand that your reading of Catholic truth might be a be a bit defective and that the choice is not faith or reason but faith and reason.
Prior to the 19th century, most everyone, including scientist with no particular religious bent had no reason not to assume that the universe was young. Beginning in the 19th century evidence from all of the various sciences began to show quite conclusively that the earth and the universe was in fact very old. This leaves two choices for a young earth proponent (1) recognize what reason shows with regard to the age of the earth as a truth revealed by the God of nature to man's rational faculty and incorporate that truth in our understanding of science, philosophy, and theology or (2) reject what reason seems to show and claim that reason's investigation of nature is faulty since it is at odds with our reading of Scripture, the Fathers etc.
Young earth creationists opt for the second. It should be recognized that even most young earth creationists accept that all the evidence at least "appears" to indicate an old age. For instance, one of the most famous young earth creationists, Henry Morris, in his "Genesis Flood," states the following: "There are many cases now known where the age estimate has been checked by two or more different methods, independently. It would seem improbable that the elements concerned would each have been altered in such a way as to continue to give equal ages; therefore such agreement between independent measurements would seem to be strong evidence that alteration has not occurred and that the indicated age is therefore valid."(p.343-344)
How do Morris and others solve the conundrum? They do a 180 and explain that this is exactly what we would have expected from the Biblical account: "We reply, however, that the Biblical outline of earth history, with the geological framework provided thereby, would lead us to postulate exactly this state of the radioactivity evidence. We would expect radiogenic minerals to indicate very large ages and we would expect different elements in the same mineral, or different minerals in the same formation to agree with each other."(p.344) "...all such elements would, when created, give an "appearance" of the same degree of maturity or of age." (p.354)
So scientists spent 100's of years to lay the foundation for modern geology, the discovery of radioactivity, the development of technology for radiometric dating, and the young earth creationists knew all along what the answer would be. They knew all along that the earth would "appear" old. This is curious.
So on this reading we go back approximately 10,000 years to creation week and God decided, not just to make the earth appear old, but to make it appear a specific age. He intentionally fashioned the earth to look 4.5 billion years old.
When we look at stars millions of light years away we are looking into the past. The nearest star other than the sun is 4 light years away. So it takes four years for that light to reach our eye and what we are seeing is the star as it was four years ago. The same goes for stars millions of light years away. Since, it seems, God wanted Adam to enjoy the starry night sky, He not only created the stars, but He also created the intervening protons at the same time. Further, every event witnessed at a distance (anything more than 10,000 light years away)by the Hubbell space telescope and other astronomical instruments are absolutely fictitious. This includes the disintegration of stars, the gravitational effects of black holes, etc. None of these things actually happened. They were all constructed, artificially in order to give the cosmos an appearance of old age. On this reading every astronomical event greater than 10,000 yrs old is a fiction. The Creator intentionally fashioned a bogus astronomical history extending as far back into space as our instruments can probe.
This sort of view is anything but Catholic and it finds its roots in some of the worst strains of Protestant thought. This sort of thinking has profound consequences for science as well as theology.
St. Thomas had very harsh words to say regarding those in his day who wanted to deny secondary causality in nature in order to attempt to elevate divine causality (See SCG BK III, ch 19). This view undercuts the very attempt of reason to understand the world we live in insofar as it posits that reason cannot but be deceived in its investigations of the natural world. And what does it say about a Creator who intentionally fashions a universe with a consistent but fictitious appearance of age seemingly meant to fool us as inhabitants of this universe?
I consider myself to be a Thomist and I take St. Thomas as my chief teacher in matters of philosophy and theology. I am pretty confident that if St. Thomas was around today he would attempt to incorporate our scientific understanding of the world into his philosophical / theological principles. He would no doubt take science to have corrected some of the scientific thoughts of his day which he accepted (though not necessarily his philosophical principles). In today's world I would think that he would not hold, for instance, that light was instantaneous, that the heavenly bodies are eternal and incorruptible in themselves, that the most fundamental elements are earth, air, fire, and water, etc. He would be very interested in hearing about new discoveries and what they tell us about our world and the amazing and vast Cosmos which God has given us wonder at and explore in an attempt to understand.
May I ask a serious question? Are you at least open to the possibility that perhaps what reason seems to show us with regard to the age of the earth and universe (that it is very old) can be reconciled with a sound reading of Scripture and traditional Catholic thought?
I'm in favor of the book being tossed into a fire where it may actually do some good in providing light rather than darkness.
Does anyone with more than 200 posts have anything to say in favor of Fr. Robinson's book?
Thankfully the eminent Catholic writer, Miss Paula Haigh (RIP), in her seminal works on the subject of evolution, devoted a series of articles to exposing Fr. Jaki, who, as she termed it, was a sophist, a revisionist, a surrealist, and an evolutionist.
(https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ABFCMh7wQfI/maxresdefault.jpg)
Cassini did a nice job of exposing this error under the general topic Crisis in the Church: Fr. Robinson's pagan cosmology (https://www.cathinfo.com/crisis-in-the-church/let-us-not-forget-fr-robinson's-(sspx)-pagan-cosmology/)
By the way:
VLM has 24 posts in 21 months (all in defense of the SSPX)
TKonkel has only 6 posts in 2 years (3 of which are on this subject in the last couple days), all of which defend SSPX priests.
Are you smelling what I'm cooking?
Looks like the trolls are bringing the "sleeper accounts" back to life.
But is it really just the SSPX defending the SSPX again (i.e., Activating their assets to run damage control)?
Does anyone with more than 200 posts have anything to say in favor of Fr. Robinson's book?
Once they receive their coaching, they will be back.
We see two neo-SSPX gentlemen have come to the defense of "Robinson/Jaki" science.
However, both men failed to address the substance of the Resistance trad arguments?
Are you at all concerned that you pit all of modern science (physics, geology, chemistry, astronomy, biology etc) against your reading of what the Catholic Church teaches on the matter of the age of the earth and universe? Is there not even just a little bit of fear and trepidation that you may perhaps be in the position of doing what Augustine and Aquinas warn us about, i.e. making a mockery of the faith by essentially telling others that their choice is between God and Catholic truth on the one hand and what reason seems to tell us regarding the natural world on the other? Many (most?) who recognize that we do obtain truth through scientific analyses of the natural world are left with the choice of either denying what reason seems to show and accepting Catholic truth, or denying Catholic truth. We can only hope that they will understand that your reading of Catholic truth might be a be a bit defective and that the choice is not faith or reason but faith and reason.From the trad farm to TKonkel :farmer:
Prior to the 19th century, most everyone, including scientist with no particular religious bent had no reason not to assume that the universe was young. Beginning in the 19th century evidence from all of the various sciences began to show quite conclusively that the earth and the universe was in fact very old. This leaves two choices for a young earth proponent (1) recognize what reason shows with regard to the age of the earth as a truth revealed by the God of nature to man's rational faculty and incorporate that truth in our understanding of science, philosophy, and theology or (2) reject what reason seems to show and claim that reason's investigation of nature is faulty since it is at odds with our reading of Scripture, the Fathers etc.
Young earth creationists opt for the second. It should be recognized that even most young earth creationists accept that all the evidence at least "appears" to indicate an old age. For instance, one of the most famous young earth creationists, Henry Morris, in his "Genesis Flood," states the following: "There are many cases now known where the age estimate has been checked by two or more different methods, independently. It would seem improbable that the elements concerned would each have been altered in such a way as to continue to give equal ages; therefore such agreement between independent measurements would seem to be strong evidence that alteration has not occurred and that the indicated age is therefore valid."(p.343-344)
How do Morris and others solve the conundrum? They do a 180 and explain that this is exactly what we would have expected from the Biblical account: "We reply, however, that the Biblical outline of earth history, with the geological framework provided thereby, would lead us to postulate exactly this state of the radioactivity evidence. We would expect radiogenic minerals to indicate very large ages and we would expect different elements in the same mineral, or different minerals in the same formation to agree with each other."(p.344) "...all such elements would, when created, give an "appearance" of the same degree of maturity or of age." (p.354)
So scientists spent 100's of years to lay the foundation for modern geology, the discovery of radioactivity, the development of technology for radiometric dating, and the young earth creationists knew all along what the answer would be. They knew all along that the earth would "appear" old. This is curious.
So on this reading we go back approximately 10,000 years to creation week and God decided, not just to make the earth appear old, but to make it appear a specific age. He intentionally fashioned the earth to look 4.5 billion years old.
When we look at stars millions of light years away we are looking into the past. The nearest star other than the sun is 4 light years away. So it takes four years for that light to reach our eye and what we are seeing is the star as it was four years ago. The same goes for stars millions of light years away. Since, it seems, God wanted Adam to enjoy the starry night sky, He not only created the stars, but He also created the intervening protons at the same time. Further, every event witnessed at a distance (anything more than 10,000 light years away)by the Hubbell space telescope and other astronomical instruments are absolutely fictitious. This includes the disintegration of stars, the gravitational effects of black holes, etc. None of these things actually happened. They were all constructed, artificially in order to give the cosmos an appearance of old age. On this reading every astronomical event greater than 10,000 yrs old is a fiction. The Creator intentionally fashioned a bogus astronomical history extending as far back into space as our instruments can probe.
This sort of view is anything but Catholic and it finds its roots in some of the worst strains of Protestant thought. This sort of thinking has profound consequences for science as well as theology.
St. Thomas had very harsh words to say regarding those in his day who wanted to deny secondary causality in nature in order to attempt to elevate divine causality (See SCG BK III, ch 19). This view undercuts the very attempt of reason to understand the world we live in insofar as it posits that reason cannot but be deceived in its investigations of the natural world. And what does it say about a Creator who intentionally fashions a universe with a consistent but fictitious appearance of age seemingly meant to fool us as inhabitants of this universe?
I consider myself to be a Thomist and I take St. Thomas as my chief teacher in matters of philosophy and theology. I am pretty confident that if St. Thomas was around today he would attempt to incorporate our scientific understanding of the world into his philosophical / theological principles. He would no doubt take science to have corrected some of the scientific thoughts of his day which he accepted (though not necessarily his philosophical principles). In today's world I would think that he would not hold, for instance, that light was instantaneous, that the heavenly bodies are eternal and incorruptible in themselves, that the most fundamental elements are earth, air, fire, and water, etc. He would be very interested in hearing about new discoveries and what they tell us about our world and the amazing and vast Cosmos which God has given us wonder at and explore in an attempt to understand.
May I ask a serious question? Are you at least open to the possibility that perhaps what reason seems to show us with regard to the age of the earth and universe (that it is very old) can be reconciled with a sound reading of Scripture and traditional Catholic thought?
Dear Mr. Konkel-I will answer your questions but I would also be interested in hearing your response to issues I posed. You simply responded with your own questions but I do not see that you considered the points that I raised.
You are an interesting peerson to me.
Kind of like a science project of sorts.
May I ask you some questions?
1) Are you an SSPX Catholic?
2) Are you sure that a so-called "modern science" which opposes the common understanding of most of the Church Fathers is really science so-called?
3) "Is there not even just a little bit of fear and trepidation" that most of the world's scientists who hold the "old earth" theory are not traditional Catholic (and that consequently, their work is not guided by the conclusions of faith)?
4) Does that last question secretly revolt and embarrass you (i.e., to think that the conclusions of faith should set parameters to scientific inquiry)?
5) Is there not just a little bit of fear and trepidation within you that the old earth argument -like the evolution hoax- is really a thinly veiled attack on the Faith, and that it is a necessary underpinning of evolution (i.e., no old earth, no evolution)?
6) Is there not just a little fear and trepidation within you that if the nearly universally anti-Christ, anti-Catholic "scientific" community can "err" (in parenthesis because it is usually a deliberate attack, not a good faith err) in the matter of evolution, it can err in the matter of the age of the earth?
7) Does it not fill you with at least a little bit of fear and trepidation that the global so-called scientific community accepts the legitimacy of evolution?
8 Does it not fill you with at least a little bit of fear and trepidation that if the so-called "scientific" community arrives at conclusions like evolution (which directly contradicts the doctrine of monogenism), that by the very logic of your argument, you ought to be conforming to that opinion (rather than dismissing it in favor of the faith)?
9) Do you accept evolution?
10) Has you faith been damaged, such that were you forced to accept the Patristic understanding of the 6,000 year-old earth, you would apostatize?
11) Is the old earth theory a dogma for you?
12) If the faith must conform itself to the latest so-called scientific findings, and those findings are constantly changing, are you not thereby endorsing (at least implicitly and unwittingly) doctrinal evolution?
13) Notice how evolution keeps popping up, in one context or another?
14) When "scientific" discoveries arise which contradict previously "discovered" principles, will you have to disavow all those you so revere today, admitting they erred, and you were wrong to have sided with the atheists and modernists against the Fathers of the Church?
15) Is there not even a little bit of fear and trepidation within you that many of those you revere as scientists offer arguments in favor of a young earth? Are such as those somehow nonobjective, uneducated, and biased embarrassments to science, despite their credentials?
16) Do articles like this one cause you not even a little fear and tredpidation, or are they somehow "unscientific" for having arrived at an undesirable conclusion: https://answersingenesis.org/evidence-for-creation/six-evidences-of-young-earth/
17) Is there not even a little fear and trepidation within you that you have been deceived, and may be on the way to eroding your faith to the tenets of rationalism and modernism (of the Fr. Jaki variety) if you don't reconsider some of the fundamental errors of your false principles (e.g., That we must accept the so-called scientific conclusions of atheistic or modernist "scientists," and conform the faith to their conclusions, which is already evolution)?
Greetings Mr. Konkel-Your "clarifying questions" have nothing to do with the issue at hand: the age of the earth, evolution, science and philosophy and feel a bit more like an attempt to dig up "dirt" on the SSPX. I have zero interest in getting into discussions regarding the SSPX, the "Resistance," etc. If you have a genuine interest in discussing science and philosophy then I am happy to discuss them as I am very interested in these topics.
Thank you for your very candid responses.
Before I respond, I would just like to ask a few clarifying questions:
1) May I presume that if you are willing to defend evolution publicly on Cathinfo, you are likely doing the same in your classes and/or conversations at St. Mary’s College?
2) May I presume that if you are willing to defend evolution publicly on Cathinfo (which is almost constantly monitored by the SSPX), you perceive no reason to fear repurcussion for your public endorsement of that position?
3) If it is true that you have no reason to fear repurcussion, is it because you understand the College and District officials to share your belief in evolution?
4) How do you respond to the article “The Devolution of Evolution” by Dr. Terry Jackson published on SSPX.org, which directly contradicts many of the claims you are making (both in the matter of evolution, and in regard to the old earth theory which underpins it)?
Semper Idem,
Sean Johnson
Quick comment:This argument is very old and very weak. Most creationists have stopped using it. It is certainly not that biologists are "weak in the hard sciences" or that they have failed to walk down the hall to talk to their Physics colleagues.
Darwinian evolution, defies the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics.
But then, "most" biologist are weak in the hard sciences, so they would be prone to thinking small things drive to be more complex.
Your "clarifying questions" have nothing to do with the issue at hand: the age of the earth, evolution, science and philosophy and feel a bit more like an attempt to dig up "dirt" on the SSPX. I have zero interest in getting into discussions regarding the SSPX, the "Resistance," etc. If you have a genuine interest in discussing science and philosophy then I am happy to discuss them as I am very interested in these topics.Hi Mr. Konkel,
1. My views, especially regarding questions of evolution and the age of the earth, are my own. My general feel is that most traditional Catholics, including those in the SSPX, have opinions much closer to yours rather than mine on these issues. I am not on a crusade to win converts to my way of thinking and I am aware of the strong feelings / opinions that surround these issues and thus I do not go out of my way to try to bring the topics up, especially in my classes. I do not teach biology or any of the other sciences. If the issues come up in conversation I am more than happy to discuss them.
2. I guess we will find out if I have reason to fear repercussion. If it turns out that I should have such reason to fear repercussion that would be, in my opinion, most unfortunate given the fact that these are real and important issues of philosophy, theology, and science and there is a lot of misunderstanding surrounding these issues. Speaking openly and honestly about them with the hope of arriving at clarity and truth seems to me to be a proper Catholic attitude. If these conversations can be had with civility and with respect I would hope that there should be no reason for fear.
3. As I said, my feel is that most traditional Catholics, including those involved at the College and District likely have opinions closer to yours than to mine though I suspect that most have not thoroughly explored the issues.
4. I have not read the article but I assume that, if it argues for a young earth and the impossibility of evolution, I would find fault with the arguments.
Now that your "clarifying questions" have been answered, are you ready to address my initial points?
… is it really just the SSPX defending the SSPX again (i.e., Activating their assets to run damage control)?Dear Sean,
Does anyone with more than 200 posts have anything to say in favor of Fr. Robinson's book?
Dear Sean,Greetings Claudel!
With regret and reluctance, I am coming out of "retirement" from this site just this once to comment upon this topic, even though I cannot answer either of the quoted questions—that is, I have not read Robinson's book nor am I privy to SSPX defense strategies and postures.
I am very sympathetic to the comments of VeritasLuxMea, especially his seemingly inarguable assertion that as the misquotation of the foreword's language places the discussion in the straw man category, the conclusions drawn are ipso facto at least suspect and perhaps utterly false. Has it truly been forgotten by all and sundry that a fundamental principle in logic—one adopted by the Schoolmen and at least deducible in Aristotle—is that contra factum non valet argumentum? On this basis alone, the first words in response typed by everyone else on this thread ought to have been "mea culpa." Yet they weren't, to all his antagonists' shame. Had "fair point; I'm sorry" been typed just once, the ensuing attacks on VLM's bona fides would have been unobjectionable responses (i.e., within the context of morally motivated argument or dispute) rather than what they look like to someone without a dog in this fight: the CathInfo version of the street tough's sneer of "fαɢɢօt" at everything he dislikes or is unable to respond to or comprehend.
As for the comment of TKonkel time-stamped April 11, 12:25:13 p.m., I am in essentially full agreement with it, but suggesting that agreement with the comment necessarily implies an embrace of macroevolution is, to exercise Christian discretion and politeness in word choice, a red herring. What TKonkel implies there and openly states later—in paraphrase, that the bulk of pre-twentieth-century science is not a priori dismissible as Jєωιѕн, atheist, or otherwise Christophobic in motivation and outcome—strikes me as the only conclusion any reasonably sedulous, intelligent, and properly tutored student of the history of science can arrive at.* If, however, TKonkel did not mean his comment to imply what I just wrote, I apologize to him while continuing to assert the foregoing as my own closely considered and, yes, informed opinion. Surely no one here, even that arrogant blockhead Cassini, would claim that TKonkel is erroneous in his account of Augustine's and especially Aquinas's condemnation of those who spurn the maximization of the use of reason and the quest for secondary causality.
May I add here that a bit more precision in vocabulary would have been helpful throughout. Specifically, the universal failure to distinguish between microevolution, in which everyone (including me) with eyes and a functioning brain "believes," and macroevolution, the form that posits interspecies leaps over huge time spans—hence, various "missing links" between man and ape or whatever (here I am oversimplifying radically, of course)—is lamentable. Nor is it particularly adult—but then, this is CathInfo, where adultness has never exactly lain thick on the ground (as you yourself, Sean, have frequently experienced).
For the record, I am not an adherent of macroevolution, but I share TKonkel's opinion that it is not illicit for a true Catholic to accept it as a functional basis for scientific analysis and evaluation of bio-archeological evidence. I think that those who hold the view may with justice point to Providentissimus Deus and Divino afflante Spiritu as offering them support. Still, I have little doubt that, in time, macroevolution will join flat-earthism in the dustbin of really warped ideas.
_____________________
Finally, flat-earthism calls to mind geocentrism, and geocentrism calls to mind Cassini (whom I have called an arrogant blockhead with formal purpose and intent) and Cassini's scandalously and culpably ignorant misrepresentation of the entirety of the Galileo affair and, far worse, his blasphemous attacks on every orthodox pope from Benedict XIV through to Pius XII (and obviously, beyond Vatican II into our own degenerate times) as apostates for "rehabilitating" heliocentrism after it had been infallibly declared heretical. The problem for Cassini and other roll-your-own-dogma Catholics, of course, is that no pope ever formally declared heliocentrism heretical, and to claim that Paul V or any pope did so is to promote mortally sinful scandal. For this alone, Cassini should have been banned from this site, as he already has been from several others.
What is more, although Cassini has published several hundred thousand words of Galileo-phobic polemics here, he shows no evidence of ever having read any of the primary source docuмents that he ought to feel morally obliged to read before shooting off his big mouth: at a bare minimum the formal interrogatives of the 1633 trial, the draft of the sentence, and Galileo's reply to the sentence (preceded by his formal statement to the judges that if they did not withdraw the charge that he had acted in bad faith or had lied to get the license to publish the Dialogue on the Two World Systems, he would refuse to accept the sentence and instead accept death because he would be perjuring himself before God to do otherwise). Cassini, however, might possibly have read Bellarmine's letter to Foscarini and the letter (1616) he gave to Galileo formally declaring Galileo free of any suspicion of heresy or contumely. But if he has indeed read them, he is guilty of willfully twisting their words and distorting their plain signification on many more occasions than one.
Of this topic I say no more, now or ever again. Anybody who has the wits to figure out how to scour this site's archives will be able to discover that I commented on these matters at some length in various threads in what will seem the distant past to this site's prepubescent majority. Though few will give a hoot, I add here that Galileo and the trial have been objects of serious docuмentary study for me for almost fifty years. I have found that what may simplistically be described as the pro-Catholic and anti-Catholic positions are both characterized by poverty of evidentiary support, poverty of reflection, unpersuasiveness of reasoning, and a shortfall of argumentation from hard evidence and reasonable supposition. These are the hallmarks of 90 percent of the published Galileo material with which I am familiar and of 100 percent of Cassini's comments. I have no reason to believe that the even larger body of material of which I know little or nothing does any better, at least if one credits what both its friends and foes say about it—and I am referring by no means to this blog alone!
_______________________________________
*Any reader who suspects that I am hinting that I myself fill the bill I've just laid out would be quite right. Guilty as charged, Your Honor.
Your "clarifying questions" have nothing to do with the issue at hand: the age of the earth, evolution, science and philosophy and feel a bit more like an attempt to dig up "dirt" on the SSPX. I have zero interest in getting into discussions regarding the SSPX, the "Resistance," etc. If you have a genuine interest in discussing science and philosophy then I am happy to discuss them as I am very interested in these topics.Greetings Mr. Konkel-
1. My views, especially regarding questions of evolution and the age of the earth, are my own. My general feel is that most traditional Catholics, including those in the SSPX, have opinions much closer to yours rather than mine on these issues. I am not on a crusade to win converts to my way of thinking and I am aware of the strong feelings / opinions that surround these issues and thus I do not go out of my way to try to bring the topics up, especially in my classes. I do not teach biology or any of the other sciences. If the issues come up in conversation I am more than happy to discuss them.
2. I guess we will find out if I have reason to fear repercussion. If it turns out that I should have such reason to fear repercussion that would be, in my opinion, most unfortunate given the fact that these are real and important issues of philosophy, theology, and science and there is a lot of misunderstanding surrounding these issues. Speaking openly and honestly about them with the hope of arriving at clarity and truth seems to me to be a proper Catholic attitude. If these conversations can be had with civility and with respect I would hope that there should be no reason for fear.
3. As I said, my feel is that most traditional Catholics, including those involved at the College and District likely have opinions closer to yours than to mine though I suspect that most have not thoroughly explored the issues.
4. I have not read the article but I assume that, if it argues for a young earth and the impossibility of evolution, I would find fault with the arguments.
Now that your "clarifying questions" have been answered, are you ready to address my initial points?
Greetings Claudel!I apologize for the misunderstanding I inadvertently created, Sean. I addressed you solely with specific reference to the brief comments of yours that I quoted, along with the direct Q&A that ensued between you and TKonkel. I did not intend to ascribe to you the content that you justly point out comes from Incredulous or Cassini, and I apologize to you and anyone else who came away thinking that that was what I was doing.
Long time, my friend.
Regarding your post, it is directed towards me, but some of the content is from Incredulous, and other content from Cassini.
Could you please specify precisely which statements I have made that you object to?
Semper Idem,
Sean Johnson
I apologize for the misunderstanding I inadvertently created, Sean. I addressed you solely with specific reference to the brief comments of yours that I quoted, along with the direct Q&A that ensued between you and TKonkel. I did not intend to ascribe to you the content that you justly point out comes from Incredulous or Cassini, and I apologize to you and anyone else who came away thinking that that was what I was doing.Dear Claudel-
I also addressed you, I am sorry to say, because I actively wished to avoid the appearance of (1) directly addressing other participants on this thread or (2) directly addressing the issue that the thread putatively concerns itself with but which, as usual, some on the thread treat with cavalier disregard for the issue's seriousness and with disdain for the critical importance of getting all the facts straight.
Put otherwise—that is to say, apart from who said what, when it was said, and to whom—my overriding concern was to say that on the basis of what I read in this thread, I found merit in Konkel's statements to the extent noted and merit in VLW's claim that the people who declared that the postconciliar "saints" were being cited for support for Father Robinson and by extension Father Jaki were either careless or less than fully honest in their citations.
What underlies this concern of mine is the conviction that people who understand little or nothing about science are yet prepared to generalize with frightening freedom about it. As I know nothing of Jaki's work, I regard myself as unfit to comment upon it, yet by and large, CI members have never let wanton ignorance slow them down when it comes to the expression of opinion on this or any other matter—and I do not exclude doctrine, dogma, and theology, matters where circuмspection and moral and intellectual humility ought to be considered binding under pain of sin.
As for Cassini, I seized upon him because of the words of praise others used about him. I think that any man who calls more than half a dozen utterly orthodox popes liars and apostates and is allowed to go his way uncorrected and unreprimanded represents a proximate danger to the faith of every Catholic who doesn't know better. Also and specifically, in misrepresenting time and again the nature and details of the Galileo trial (it was more a plea bargain than a trial, but this isn't the place …), he wantonly misrepresents the actions and motivations of the many honorable churchmen who participated in it—not least, of course, Francesco Cardinal Barberini, Urban VIII's nephew, and the other two cardinals (out of ten) who refused to sign the Holy Office's sentence because they thought it unjust and contrary to truth.
If you deem the Cassini comments out of context, I shan't argue with you. Mea culpa.
To the extent that this comment and the one preceding place me in opposition to you on this matter, I am regretful. But please note that that opposition is quite as localized as I have taken pains to make it. Although I have no fear that you, Sean, might jump to unwarranted conclusions regarding my approach or attitude to the Big Picture issues of present-day Traditionalism, that fearlessness extends outward not at all. I am of course not the first to have learnt to his dismay that CathInfo is not the venue for those who prefer to think before they write.
Yours in Christ.
Does anyone with more than 200 posts have anything to say in favor of Fr. Robinson's book?
Are you at all concerned that you pit all of modern science (physics, geology, chemistry, astronomy, biology etc) against your reading of what the Catholic Church teaches on the matter of the age of the earth and universe? Is there not even just a little bit of fear and trepidation that you may perhaps be in the position of doing what Augustine and Aquinas warn us about, i.e. making a mockery of the faith by essentially telling others that their choice is between God and Catholic truth on the one hand and what reason seems to tell us regarding the natural world on the other? Many (most?) who recognize that we do obtain truth through scientific analyses of the natural world are left with the choice of either denying what reason seems to show and accepting Catholic truth, or denying Catholic truth. We can only hope that they will understand that your reading of Catholic truth might be a be a bit defective and that the choice is not faith or reason but faith and reason.
Prior to the 19th century, most everyone, including scientist with no particular religious bent had no reason not to assume that the universe was young. Beginning in the 19th century evidence from all of the various sciences began to show quite conclusively that the earth and the universe was in fact very old
So scientists spent 100's of years to lay the foundation for modern geology, the discovery of radioactivity, the development of technology for radiometric dating, and the young earth creationists knew all along what the answer would be. They knew all along that the earth would "appear" old. This is curious.
So on this reading we go back approximately 10,000 years to creation week and God decided, not just to make the earth appear old, but to make it appear a specific age. He intentionally fashioned the earth to look 4.5 billion years old.
When we look at stars millions of light years away we are looking into the past. The nearest star other than the sun is 4 light years away. So it takes four years for that light to reach our eye and what we are seeing is the star as it was four years ago. The same goes for stars millions of light years away. Since, it seems, God wanted Adam to enjoy the starry night sky, He not only created the stars, but He also created the intervening protons at the same time. Further, every event witnessed at a distance (anything more than 10,000 light years away)by the Hubbell space telescope and other astronomical instruments are absolutely fictitious. This includes the disintegration of stars, the gravitational effects of black holes, etc. None of these things actually happened. They were all constructed, artificially in order to give the cosmos an appearance of old age. On this reading every astronomical event greater than 10,000 yrs old is a fiction. The Creator intentionally fashioned a bogus astronomical history extending as far back into space as our instruments can probe.
This sort of view is anything but Catholic and it finds its roots in some of the worst strains of Protestant thought. This sort of thinking has profound consequences for science as well as theology.
May I ask a serious question? Are you at least open to the possibility that perhaps what reason seems to show us with regard to the age of the earth and universe (that it is very old) can be reconciled with a sound reading of Scripture and traditional Catholic thought?
It is difficult to get a handle on what exactly it is that some here are objecting to regarding Fr. Robinson's book.
Centuries before Big Bangism those who were promoting heliocentrism as compliant with Catholicism were quoting the same comments of St Aquinas and St Thomas in their efforts to use these saints against any opposing the Galilean heresy, two geocentrists I may add.
Ah, so many ironies in life!
Thomas Aquinas College (named after the Angelic Doctor who as rightly pointed out above was and is a geocentrist), that hybrid Catholic institution in Santa Paula, California has on display a big expensive Foucault Pendulum which sits there as a supposed testimony to the supposed truth that the Earth spins on its axis. It proves absolutely nothing of the sort, but just imagine its effect on the students there who witness it, some for 4 years straight!
The Foucault Pendulum is, of course, powerful evidence of something (that the universe goes around the Earth approximately once every 24 hours), but unfortunately that evidence is interpreted in an erroneous way both at Thomas Aquinas College and almost universally throughout the world.
Let us hope that one day Thomas Aquinas College will catch up to the example set by Saint Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg, Russia. . In 1931, it was turned into the Museum of the History of Religion and Atheism, the dove sculpture was removed, and replaced by a Foucault pendulum (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foucault_pendulum).[6] (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Isaac%27s_Cathedral#cite_note-nevsky-6)[7] (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Isaac%27s_Cathedral#cite_note-7) On April 12, 1931, the first public demonstration of the Foucault pendulum was held to visualize Copernicus (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copernicus)’s theory. After the fall of communism the museum was gotten rid of along with the Foucault Pendelum and the church was restored. When will Thomas Aquinas College take a wake up call from this.
I communicated with the administration of the college regarding their continued wrong headed use of the Foucault Pendulum a few years ago, but my pleas have gone unheeded even to this day.
So on this reading we go back approximately 10,000 years to creation week and God decided, not just to make the earth appear old, but to make it appear a specific age. He intentionally fashioned the earth to look 4.5 billion years old.
When we look at stars millions of light years away we are looking into the past. The nearest star other than the sun is 4 light years away. So it takes four years for that light to reach our eye and what we are seeing is the star as it was four years ago. The same goes for stars millions of light years away. Since, it seems, God wanted Adam to enjoy the starry night sky, He not only created the stars, but He also created the intervening protons at the same time. Further, every event witnessed at a distance (anything more than 10,000 light years away)by the Hubbell space telescope and other astronomical instruments are absolutely fictitious. This includes the disintegration of stars, the gravitational effects of black holes, etc. None of these things actually happened. They were all constructed, artificially in order to give the cosmos an appearance of old age. On this reading every astronomical event greater than 10,000 yrs old is a fiction. The Creator intentionally fashioned a bogus astronomical history extending as far back into space as our instruments can probe.
This sort of view is anything but Catholic and it finds its roots in some of the worst strains of Protestant thought. This sort of thinking has profound consequences for science as well as theology.
When using God to assist one in ‘proving’ the universe must be old, I think it prudent as a Catholic to first see what God told us about the creation of the stars.Day 3: And God said: Let there be lights made in the firmament of heaven, to divide the day and the night, and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years: To shine in the firmament of heaven, and to give light upon the earth. And it was so done.Day 4: And God made two great lights: a greater light to rule the day; and a lesser light to rule the night: and the stars. And he set them in the firmament of heaven to shine upon the earth. And to rule the day and the night and to divide the light and the darkness. And God saw that it was good. And the evening and morning were the fourth day. God also said: Let the waters bring forth the creeping creature having life, and the fowl that may fly over the earth under the firmament of heaven.O.K., So two days later God created Adam with the stars visible to him.Today, as Professor Tkonkel says above, ‘When we look at stars millions of light years away we are looking into the past.’ Not according to Genesis, written by Moses under the inspiration of the same God who supposedly fooled the lot of us with His Genesis for the ‘uneducated’ of Moses time. In Pope Benedict XV’s Spiritus Paraclitus, he says:‘Then, after giving the definitions of the Councils of Florence and Trent, confirmed by the Council of the Vatican , Pope Leo XIII continues: “Consequently it is not to the point to suggest that the Holy Spirit used men as His instruments for writing and that therefore, while no error is referable to the primary Author, it may well be due to the inspired authors themselves. For by supernatural power the Holy Spirit so stirred them and moved them to write, so assisted them as they wrote, that their minds could rightly conceive only those and all those things which He himself bade them conceive; only such things could they faithfully commit to writing and aptly express with unerring truth; else God would not be the Author of the entirety of Sacred Scripture.”………
Yet no one can pretend that certain recent writers really adhere to these limitations. For while conceding that inspiration extends to every phrase -- and, indeed, to every single word of Scripture -- yet, by endeavouring to distinguish between what they style the primary or religious and the secondary or profane element in the Bible, they claim that the effect of inspiration -- namely, absolute truth and immunity from error -- are to be restricted to that primary or religious element. Their notion is that only what concerns religion is intended and taught by God in Scripture, and that all the rest -- things concerning “profane knowledge,” the garments in which Divine truth is presented -- God merely permits, and even leaves to the individual author’s greater or less knowledge. Small wonder, then, that in their view a considerable number of things occur in the Bible touching physical science, history and the like, which cannot be reconciled with modern progress in science. Some even maintain that these views do not conflict with what our predecessor laid down since -- so they claim -- he said that the sacred writers spoke in accordance with the external -- and thus deceptive -- appearance of things in nature. But the Pontiff's own words show that this is a rash and false deduction. For sound philosophy teaches that the senses can never be deceived as regards their own proper and immediate object. Therefore, from the merely external appearance of things -- of which, of course, we have always to take account as Leo XIII, following in the footsteps of St. Augustine and St. Thomas, most wisely remarks -- we can never conclude that there is any error in Sacred Scripture…..’
No error in one single word of Scripture, now I wonder what Pope Benedict XV meant by that? Surely he knew that Genesis is only metaphor and whereas all Christians up to modern times actually believed every word of the six days of creation, ‘we now know’ (the favourite con of modern Pythagoreans) that in fact God really meant even the opposite of what he inspired Moses to write (Genesis reveals a geocentric universe but now, according to churchmen Moses meant heliocentric and millions of years in the making, not six days). Gee, I wonder what else in the Bible is metaphor, ‘The virgin birth’ as Cardinal Bellarmine said? According to Moses Adam was created with the sun, moon and stars of the universe already visible to him. For Adam then, and me and a few others, the whole universe exists in our time. Every minute of the day on earth, no matter how far away a star is, it moves in time with us. God created it that way and Einstein can go to hell.But then came the discovery of stellar parallax. Having convinced the world, both in Church and State, that it was proof for a rotating Earth, the geometry of this ‘proof’ could give us the distance of all those stars that show a similar rotation against the background of stars further away. So, by use of a fraudulent measuring triangle (not proven, could be moonshine) science had the tool to measure all stars.
Here is confirmation from a Stardate websiteAstronomers have developed several techniques to indirectly measure the vast distances between Earth and the stars and galaxies. In many cases, these methods are mathematically complex and involve extensive computer modeling.
Parallax is the visual effect produced when, as an observer moves, nearby objects appear to shift position relative to more-distant objects. This common event is easily reproduced; hold your finger out at arm’s length, and look at your fingertip first with one eye closed, then the other. The "motion" of your fingertip as seen against background objects is caused by the change in your viewing position -- about three inches from one eye to the other. As Earth orbits the Sun, astronomers invoke this same principle to determine the distance to nearby stars. Just like your fingertip, stars that are closer to us shift positions relative to more-distant stars, which appear fixed. By carefully measuring the angle through which the stars appear to move over the course of the year, and knowing how far Earth has moved, astronomers are able to use basic high-school geometry to calculate the star’s distance. Parallax serves as the first "inch" on the yardstick with which astronomers measure distances to objects that are even farther. For example, they use a class of variable known as Cepheids [a variable star having a regular cycle of brightness with a frequency related to its luminosity, so allowing estimation of its distance from the earth.], which pulsate in and out like beating hearts. There is a direct relationship between the length of a Cepheid's pulsation and its true brightness. Measuring a Cepheid's apparent brightness -- how bright it looks from Earth -- allows astronomers to calculate its true brightness, which in turn reveals its distance. For this technique to work correctly, though, astronomers must first use the parallax method to get the distances to some of the closer Cepheids. This allows them to calibrate a Cepheid's true brightness, which then can be used to calculate its distance. Cepheids are especially bright stars, so they are visible in galaxies that are tens of millions of light-years away. For more-distant galaxies, astronomers rely on the exploding stars known as supernovae. Like Cepheids, the rate at which a certain class of supernovae brighten and fade reveals their true brightness, which then can be used to calculate their distance. But this technique also requires good calibration using parallax and Cepheids. Without knowing the precise distances to a few supernovae, there is no way to determine their absolute brightness, so the technique would not work.'
We see then that measuring stars billions of supposed light-years away, both Chepeids and protons all depend as a fact of the assumption that the Earth orbits the sun, defined as heresy by the Church.
But then the Airy and M&M tests put a stop to their certainties, and Einstein, with his Theories of Gravity had to rescue their heretical heliocentrism as a possibility only, not a fact of science. Now
It was his Special theory that began the tale about looking back in time, the one the Professor repeats way above. If I have time I will try to explain the multi-time universe of Einstein and the Black holes of new-science and the invisible matter they need to make it all viable.
Given there is proof for nothing my preference is to follow Pope Paul V, Pope Urban VIIII and Pope Benedict, stick with Genesis, reason upon its revelations, and I know I cannot go wrong because theology is the Queen of all the sciences.
But try and get a job today with such beliefs that no science can falsify and you will STARVE. And that is why our Professors and teachers in any college today, be they SSPX or atheist, must try to make heresy Catholic.
I think you have your Genesis days mixed up. Those are both day 4
Pope Pius VIII HERETIC! Decree 1820
The Assessor of the Holy Office has referred the request of Giuseppe Settele, Professor of Optics and Astronomy at La Sapienza University, regarding permission to publish his work Elements of Astronomy in which he espouses the common opinion of the astronomers of our time regarding the earth’s daily and yearly motions, to His Holiness through Divine Providence, Pope Pius VII. Previously, His Holiness had referred this request to the Supreme Sacred Congregation and concurrently to the consideration of the Most Eminent and Most Reverend General Cardinal Inquisitor. His Holiness has decreed that no obstacles exist for those who sustain Copernicus’ affirmation regarding the earth’s movement in the manner in which it is affirmed today, even by Catholic authors. He has, moreover, suggested the insertion of several notations into this work, aimed at demonstrating that the above mentioned affirmation [of Copernicus], as it has come to be understood, does not present any difficulties; difficulties that existed in times past, prior to the subsequent astronomical observations that have now occurred. [Pope Pius VII] has also recommended that the implementation [of these decisions] be given to the Cardinal Secretary of the Supreme Sacred Congregation and Master of the Sacred Apostolic Palace. He is now appointed the task of bringing to an end any concerns and criticisms regarding the printing of this book, and, at the same time, ensuring that in the future, regarding the publication of such works, permission is sought from the Cardinal Vicar whose signature will not be given without the authorization of the Superior of his Order.
And Again- HERETIC!
The most excellent [cardinals] have decreed that there must be no denial, by the present or by future Masters of the Sacred Apostolic Palace, of permission to print and to publish works which treat of the mobility of the earth and of the immobility of the sun, according to the common opinion of modern astronomers, as long as there are no other contrary indications, on the basis of the decrees of the Sacred Congregation of the Index of 1757 and of this Supreme [Holy Office] of 1820; and that those who would show themselves to be reluctant or would disobey, should be forced under punishments at the choice of [this] Sacred Congregation, with derogation of [their] claimed privileges, where necessary. 1822
Pope Benedict XV – HERETIC!
Pope Benedict XV, In Praeclara Summorum April 20, 1921: “If the progress of science showed later that the conception of the world rested on no sure foundation, that the spheres imagined by our ancestors did not exist, that nature, the number and course of the planets and stars, are not indeed as they were then thought to be, still the fundamental principle remained that the universe, whatever be the order that sustains it in its parts, is the work of the creating and preserving sign of Omnipotent God, who moves and governs all, and whose glory risplende in una parte piu e meno altrove; and though this Earth on which we live may not be the center of the universe as at one time was thought, it was the scene of the original happiness of our first ancestors, witness of their unhappy fall, as too of the Redemption of mankind through the Passion and Death of Jesus Christ.”
"It was his Special theory that began the tale about looking back in time, the one the Professor repeats way above. "
So is it your position that light in fact does not travel? It is not a motion?
Out of curiosity, do you also hold one to be heretical if he denies that each of the creation days were distinct 24 hour periods of time?
Great to have you aboard TKonkel, yes you are correct, both belong to fourth day. Copied and pasted them from some source without noticing.It is a pity your posts reproduce all that data that appears between your quotes. My problem is putting together a post that has the same size reading. Often it comes up small and huge.Now I can only presume you posted Pope Pius VII's HERETIC decrees of 1820 and 1822, and Pope Benedict XV's HERETIC 1921 encyclical or rather papal Letter on Dante Aligheri in order to show us all that, like Claudel, my synthesis accuse these popes of being HERETICS. Sure it is no wonder I have been banned from two or was it three Catholic forums, and as Claudel said, I should be banned from Catholic Info Forum.The above is of course is inference; because like Galileo at his trial, I do not know what was in these popes hearts so cannot judge them as heretics. I leave such accusations up to others. But thank you TKonkel for highlighting the most serious problem for Catholicism arising out of the Galileo case, a never-ending controversy on the subject of faith and science.Thankfully, due to the opening up of the Secret Archives in Rome by popes, plus the finding of other records by scholars, anyone who studied them in detail will know the circuмstances that led to the 1741-1835 U-turn by popes (not the Church because none of these popes abrogated or denied the ‘irreversible’ 1616 decree of Pope Paul V defining a fixed-sun solar system formal heresy because it is contrary to Holy scripture and its interpretation by all the Fathers (a sign of infallibility as declared by the Council of Trent.)
As I said in a previous post, the key phrase in both the above decrees by Pope Pius VII HIGHLIGHTED BY YOU is“His Holiness has decreed that no obstacles exist for those who sustain Copernicus’ affirmation regarding the earth’s movement in the manner in which it is affirmed today, even by Catholic authors.” (1820).“there must be no denial, by the present or by future Masters of the Sacred Apostolic Palace, of permission to print and to publish works which treat of the mobility of the earth and of the immobility of the sun, according to the common opinion of modern astronomers,” (1822)Now why do both decrees include the words that amount to “the manner in which it is affirmed today” and more explicitly “according to the common opinion of modern astronomers”?
Well I will tell you, but first a brief history of the infamous heretical U-turn. By that I mean the 1616 decree's heresy being U-turned into non heresy.In 1741 the first realisation by churchmen that heliocentrism was proven began an attempt to back track on the 1616 decree that was deemed a serious error and that the ban on heliocentric books had to be removed. Dozens of famous astronomers, philosophers and churchmen were highlighting the Church’s stand as absurd and ‘embarrassing.’ In 1757, Pope Benedict XIV, under advice of members of the Holy Office and Boscovich, dropped the ban on ‘all books’ leaving only the five banned after the 1616 decree. The U-turn had begunThen in 1820, another attempt was made to get rid of the ban altogether, and the then Pope Pius VII asked the Holy Office to investigate. This led to a lengthy argument between Fr Filippo Anfossi, a Dominican friar, as censor of the press in Rome, and Maurizio Benedetto Olivieri who became to Commissary General of the Inquisition. Both compiled their reasons for continuing the ban, and getting rid of it. These docuмents are, no doubt, the most important records of the whole Galileo story. Now picture the situation in the Church at the time. To remove the ban, the 1616 decree had to be addressed, for the ban was directly related to the decree and its defining a fixed-sun formal heresy and a moving Earth erroneous in faith. Be aware that at that time, 1820, the records of the 1616, 1633 decrees had been removed from Rome by Napoleon, so all they had then were the records of the 1741 ban's removal.So, how did they manage to ignore the 1616 decree and how did Pope Pius VII make the decrees above? Well Olivieri convinced the Pope and most of the Holy Office of the time, that the 1616 decree, which he confirmed to all as ‘irreversible,’ was that Galileo’s heresy was a ‘violent’ movement of the Earth, and that ‘modern astronomers’ no longer held that cosmology, but knew that the Earth orbits the sun with a ‘non-violent’ movement. This hoax convinced the Pope and in his ignorance issued the above decrees noting that the heliocentrism he allowed was the non-heretical one, the one according to the common opinion of modern astronomers.Now let us expose the hoax that has you Professor TKonkel, Fr Robinson, and so many others of the Catholic faith defending as orthodox that 1741-1835 U-turn that showed the 1616 MUST HAVE HAD NO PAPAL AUTHORITY AT ALL. First of all, the ‘non-heretical’ heliocentrism of Fr Onfossi, Pope Pius VII, and God knows how many other popes since, still retains the formal heresy of the 1616 decree still held as ‘irreversible,’ that is the sun remains fixed (the Heresy condemned in 1616) relative to the Earth, whether it is ‘violent’ or 'non-violent’ Earth.
Moreover, even Olivieri’s conjuring trick of inventing Galileo’s ‘violent’ orbiting Earth, is not true. In Copernicus’s book ‘De revolutionibus’ he states quite clearly that his orbiting earth is NOT A VIOLENT ONE.‘But if someone opines that the Earth revolves, he will also say that the movement is natural and not violent. Now things which are according to nature produce effects contrary to those that are violent… and are kept in their best organization. Therefore Ptolemy had no reason to fear that the Earth and all things on the Earth would be scattered.’ --- On the Revolutions, 1543, Book 1, par 8.Moreover, if Olivieri had read Galileo’s Dialogue he would have found Salviati arguing that the movement of the Earth could be “circular” and “eternal, and therefore natural” in opposition to the “violent motion” argument.Be thankful as a Catholic that no attempt was made to try to abrogate the 1616 decree by any pope, for it would have had to contain a reason for this abrogation, and if the reason was as Olivieri invented, what then? So in effect, as even Olivieri admitted to, the 1616 decree remains infallible teaching and the fact that the geocentrism in it has never been proven wrong, confirms no one can or needs to challenge its authority or its truth that is protected by God as promised by him.I will address Pope Benedict XV’s Letter later in the above context, and you question about the motion of starlight. But enough for the present.
Pope Benedict XV, In Praeclara Summorum April 20, 1921: “If the progress of science showed later that the conception of the world rested on no sure foundation, that the spheres imagined by our ancestors did not exist, that nature, the number and course of the planets and stars, are not indeed as they were then thought to be, still the fundamental principle remained that the universe, whatever be the order that sustains it in its parts, is the work of the creating and preserving sign of Omnipotent God, who moves and governs all, and whose glory risplende in una parte piu e meno altrove; and though this Earth on which we live may not be the center of the universe as at one time was thought, it was the scene of the original happiness of our first ancestors, witness of their unhappy fall, as too of the Redemption of mankind through the Passion and Death of Jesus Christ.”
Quick comment:.
Mr. Konkel's point:
8. I do hold to that opinion, so no, it does not bother me. I should note though that my argument was never that a theory is right because a certain number of people hold to it. Rather, I believe that nearly all biologists hold to evolution because they are well informed and the evidence for it is overwhelming.
Darwinian evolution, defies the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics.
But then, "most" [biologists] are weak in the hard sciences, so they would be prone to thinking small things [derive] to be more complex.
Rather, I believe that nearly all biologists hold to evolution because they are well informed and the evidence for it is overwhelming..
http://sodalitium-pianum.com/evolution-and-the-sspx-part-i/.
Here is part 1 of the reply from Sean to Todd Konkel:Evolution and the SSPX (Part I):bySean Johnson4/14/18“In the year, from the creation of the world, when in the beginning God created heaven and earth, five thousand one hundred and ninety-nine; from the flood, two thousand nine hundred and fifty-seven; from the birth of Abraham, two thousand and fifteen; from Moses and the coming of the Israelites out of Egypt, one thousand five hundred and ten; from the anointing of King David, one thousand and thirty-two; in the sixty-fifth week, according to the prophecy of Daniel; in the one hundred and ninety-fourth Olympiad; in the year seven hundred and fifty-two from the founding of the city of Rome; in the forth-second year of the empire of Octavian Augustus, when the whole world was at peace, in the sixth age of the world, Jesus Christ, eternal God, and Son of the eternal Father, desirous to sanctify the world by His most merciful coming, having been conceived of the Holy Ghost, and nine months having elapsed since His conception, is born in Bethlehem in Juda, having become man of the Virgin Mary.”–Martyrologium Romanum (reading for the 25th day of December)
Things are getting wild in the SSPX.
In late March, St. Mary’s College professor, Mr. Andrew Senior (son of the late, great author and professor, John Senior) went public to rebut the accordist writings of Fr. Paul Robinson, by submitting a strong objection to The Remnant (https://remnantnewspaper.com/web/index.php/headline-news-around-the-world/item/3807-sspx-and-the-novus-ordo-a-new-spirit-of-cooperation) (a rebuttal which also more or less accused the SSPX US District Superior Fr. Jurgen Wegner of lying about being surprised by Rome’s having taken steps to “remove all doubt” about the validity of SSPX marriages), which Mr. Senior flatly says he believes was all pre-arranged.
We quite agree, since we had previously been told by another Society priest that Fr. Angles had been in Rome for some time, working with the Romans to find the right “solution” (i.e., face-saving compromise) to the “problem” of SSPX marriages.
More recently, another St. Mary’s College professor (Mr. Todd Konkel) has gone public in an attempt to come to the rescue of Fr. Robinson’s new book on the Cathinfo (https://www.cathinfo.com/sspx-resistance-news/sspx-exhumes-fr-jaki's-rotting-works-buried-by-miss-paula-haigh-(part-3)/15/) forum; an attempt which ended not only in Mr. Konkel’s defense of the “old earth” theory against the most common traditional and patristic interpretations of the Creation account in Genesis (and which also contradicts the idea of sentire cuм ecclesia -“thinking with the Church”- as evinced by the quoted selection above contained in the Roman martyrology, which itself constitutes part of the liturgical office of Prime), but which ultimately ended in a defense of….evolution.
On the one hand, we admire the candor and courage of Mr. Konkel: He says plainly what he thinks, and was willing to enter into hostile territory (i.e., Cathinfo) in order to do it, knowing the opposition he would encounter.
We wish there was more of that courage and candor in Tradition!
Yet, having an open and public evolutionist teaching philosophy at an ostensibly traditional Catholic college, and therefore being placed in a position of formative influence over those minds which will one day form traditional Catholic families and shape Catholic attitudes in the future, and who presumably chose to attend St. Mary’s College in the hopes of receiving a good education, protected from the vileness of the secular and conciliar universities, seems somehow dangerous and incongruent.
In fairness to Mr. Konkel, he has yet to define what kind of evolution he is endorsing (despite a request from Cathinfo’s “Mr. G” to do so): Micro, macro, or some other variant. Perhaps he will walk through the escape hatch I have just opened for him, and all will be well. Or perhaps this a debate tactic, which will allow him the final opportunity to distinguish and counter, so he holds his peace. Or perhaps he is simply unaware of the request to clarify. But in the absence of that clarification, we will make the presumption that Mr. Konkel promotes evolution as that term is commonly understood by most people (“macro evolution”), and we shall be most relieved if he should later disclaim it:
That over billions of years, life evolved from single-cell species into higher and more diverse, distinct species, eventually culminating in man.
And though Mr. Konkel has stated he does not teach evolution in his classes, that no longer matters:
He came out publicly, and his vigorous endorsement and promotion of evolution is now inextricably attached to his status as a professor at an SSPX college. His continued presence there is a sign of continuing revolution and evolution within the SSPX.
If Mr. Konkel should never breath one word of evolution on campus, he will nevertheless remain a symbol of the SSPX’s new openness (another parallel to the crisis in the conciliar church!).
In truth, I wish no ill consequence to Mr. Konkel. I hope he believes that. I already stated he has some admirable, virile qualities. Likely as not, he has a family depending on him, bills, and all the responsibilities and stresses of the rest of us. But it was Mr. Konkel who freely chose to come out in public and make his position known. I did not force him to do that. Presumably, he considered all the possible consequences beforehand, and after mature reflection, decided defending evolution was more important than all those other concerns.
Or, he knows he has nothing to worry about from the SSPX (which has said nothing in response to his promotion of evolution at the time of this article), and my concerns for his welfare are misplaced and unnecessary.
In any case, the welfare of the students (and faithful) needs to be considered, and that is the highest consideration.
As regards the SSPX, they must consider what message they are sending by maintaining a public evolutionist on staff. Perhaps they are sending precisely the message (especially to Rome) they want to send: The old “ignorant” SSPX is gone.
Incidentally, this distinction between the “paleo-SSPX” and the “neo-SSPX” is no longer a distinction used exclusively by Resistance bloggers. Rather, the same distinction was recently made by Mr. Nicolas Lessard (i.e., the groom in the recent Canadian marriage debacle, in his comments to The Remnant):
“This next generation is free from the bitterness and resentment that it’s predecessors are carrying.” here (https://remnantnewspaper.com/web/index.php/headline-news-around-the-world/item/3807-sspx-and-the-novus-ordo-a-new-spirit-of-cooperation)
The neo-SSPX has contempt for (and is embarrassed by) the old SSPX.
But that these new attitudes and perspectives are indeed novel within Tradition is beyond dispute, and insofar as the SSPX will tolerate or permit those closely allied to its apostolate to promote evolution, it is a development (I almost said “evolution”) which stands in stark contrast to its own former positions --
(e.g., as evinced by the irrefutable February/1997 Angelus article by Dr. Peter Jackson, The Devolution of Evolution, still archived on SSPX.org here (http://archives.sspx.org/against_sound_bites/devolution_of_evolution.htm)).
.[see below].
In Part II of this article, I will address a number of questions and observations Mr. Konkel initially made to “Incredulous” (i.e., A personage on the Cathinfo forum), but subsequently addressed to me after I came to the latters’ defense (the substance of which comprised Sodalitium Pianum’s previous article, A Response to VLM (http://sodalitium-pianum.com/a-response-to-vlm-on-cathinfo-regarding-fr-paul-robinsons-book/)).
In Part III, I will post a number of questions which I addressed to Mr. Konkel (At which point the conversation was still fixed on his endorsement of “old earth theory,” and he had not yet admitted to being an evolutionist, which is not to suggest he was hiding it), and the frank answers he provided, which confirmed my suspicion that he was defending “old earth theory” as a support for his belief in evolution, and offer some comments to those responses.
Finally, Part IV of this series will contain scientific articles and refutations of “old earth” theory and evolution (science which Mr. Konkel has already announced he is ill-disposed to entertain).
PS: I will also create an “evolution” category, from whence readers can easily access all installments/articles on the topic.
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Part 3, Miss Paula Haigh's argument that Fr. Jaki is an evolutionist is valid,
but in this topic, SSPX supporters hit us with a surprising twist:
They too, like JP II, believe in evolution... or some morphed form of it. :jester:
Consider for a moment, how sad the neo-SSPX's condition is?
Their theology teachers believe the same thing that the atheist, Charles Darwin and the тαℓмυdic father of Communism, Karl Marx, believed.
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)(http://www.wiseoldgoat.com/images-cse/cse-part5_slides/Slide298.jpg)
Karl Marx even tried to dedicate his book to Charles Darwin:
“From a sincere admirer, Karl Marx.”
Marx knew his Communist theories would not survive without evolution.
Ask yourself, how can the SSPX be supporting evolutionary theory, when it is the main support of all communist errors?
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м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αyhTTRqNrIpA+/2teIc9JpzUSqgEZQ69Km9bMujoDtSyXZFbeuKf0a8PniyrPm1ZZ5pWkdWIJUbKqkj0VRjkiaQ5mWN4z7YCEMD5gg0NHt0BZWGrvvtgHJQZqfhwikkdVQAPrs6hevowAA32IN3W6/YfyYIjTe9hvtvt8MDYYFQp5mUmzdqF83+zH+NDuLwZXBaEHFfMt4gZgpA2AIr7R2A/76YmD9fhgRxQGmAJBI36EivdcA/Lt6dDgkwlAnBA54MrlpZ55AKa5Auli1kESoAPejatfL/OMjVgAvPzjyqzmKOkuXlU8QfQyQx6gB0oklTQ+JxEM1M81MF1BqUr7TfSQBy1BrperXQs7gA11w7JTPlMuzudYzazSi75o+sgamN+6q6a0sbAFWBWKZnNabl1Ep/AEUbLFBMUYgsOYL5hHvbgC27m7PU4D+IPBuYSMuyq4GwRW99mOlQQQNQ1Ecuм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α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м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αyhTTRqNrIpA+/2teIc9JpzUSqgEZQ69Km9bMujoDtSyXZFbeuKf0a8PniyrPm1ZZ5pWkdWIJUbKqkj0VRjkiaQ5mWN4z7YCEMD5gg0NHt0BZWGrvvtgHJQZqfhwikkdVQAPrs6hevowAA32IN3W6/YfyYIjTe9hvtvt8MDYYFQp5mUmzdqF83+zH+NDuLwZXBaEHFfMt4gZgpA2AIr7R2A/76YmD9fhgRxQGmAJBI36EivdcA/Lt6dDgkwlAnBA54MrlpZ55AKa5Auli1kESoAPejatfL/OMjVgAvPzjyqzmKOkuXlU8QfQyQx6gB0oklTQ+JxEM1M81MF1BqUr7TfSQBy1BrperXQs7gA11w7JTPlMuzudYzazSi75o+sgamN+6q6a0sbAFWBWKZnNabl1Ep/AEUbLFBMUYgsOYL5hHvbgC27m7PU4D+IPBuYSMuyq4GwRW99mOlQQQNQ1Ecuм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α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
"It was his Special theory that began the tale about looking back in time, the one the Professor repeats way above. "
So is it your position that light in fact does not travel? It is not a motion?
Out of curiosity, do you also hold one to be heretical if he denies that each of the creation days were distinct 24 hour periods of time?