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Author Topic: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?  (Read 2225 times)

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Offline Mercyandjustice

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Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
« on: March 09, 2020, 08:20:02 PM »
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  • I know that the Church allowed it to be used in medieval times, until 1816 when it was abolished in her courts. She remained silent on the matter, as far as I know, until Vatican 2, in which torture was condemned. Torture has been condemned many times since. I know to many of you, this is irrelevant, because the post vatican 2 church isnt the "true Church" or whatever. But what exactly is the true teaching concerning torture? Is it ever justified? Was it ever justified? If the Church condemns something which she allowed many years ago, what does this mean?

    Thank you.


    Offline Seraphina

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #1 on: March 09, 2020, 08:36:42 PM »
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  • Who did you have in mind?😫


    Offline Viva Cristo Rey

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #2 on: March 09, 2020, 08:48:27 PM »
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  • Vatican II has been torture..it is torture.   
    May God bless you and keep you

    Offline Shrewd Operator

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #3 on: March 09, 2020, 10:37:03 PM »
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  • I've never studied it and I could be wrong about this, but I believe it was sometimes considered the lesser evil.

    If someone attacked you, you were justified in counter attacking as needed.

    If a gangster kidnapped a child and the cops arrested him, but then he wouldn't tell them were the child was; they would be justified in softening him up.

    In theory anyway, it would be illegal in our justice system, but you could argue that they would not be wrong if they tried it.

    I'm not sure where this is covered, but I think St. Thomas said something about it.

    Offline Nadir

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #4 on: March 10, 2020, 02:37:08 PM »
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  • I know that the Church allowed it to be used in medieval times, until 1816 when it was abolished in her courts. She remained silent on the matter, as far as I know, until Vatican 2, in which torture was condemned. Torture has been condemned many times since. I know to many of you, this is irrelevant, because the post vatican 2 church isnt the "true Church" or whatever. But what exactly is the true teaching concerning torture? Is it ever justified? Was it ever justified? If the Church condemns something which she allowed many years ago, what does this mean?

    Thank you.
    I can't give an informed answer right now but I believe you've swallowed MSM propaganda, and theChurch never sanctioned torture.
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    Offline Bonaventure

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #5 on: March 10, 2020, 03:53:04 PM »
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  • This may or may not be helfpul...

    During the time of the Spanish Inquisition....

    Quote
    ...Church law limited torture to one session lasting no more than fifteen minutes, and there could be no danger to life or limb. Nor could blood be shed!
    ...

    [T]ourture was rarely used, perhaps becasue the "Inquisitors themselves were sceptical of the efficacy and validity of torture as a mehtod of conviction. If torture was used, its progress was carefully recorded by a clerk, and this material was included with the record of the case. Based on these data, Thomas Madden has estimated that the Inquisitors resorted to torture in only about 2 percent of all the cases that came before them.

    Stark, Rodney, Bearing False Witness, p. 122, Templeton Press, 2016.

    Offline Mercyandjustice

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #6 on: March 10, 2020, 05:15:31 PM »
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  • I can't give an informed answer right now but I believe you've swallowed MSM propaganda, and theChurch never sanctioned torture.
    From the Catholic Encyclopedia:
    "It [torture] was first authorized by Innocent IV in his Bull "Ad exstirpanda" of 15 May, 1252, which was confirmed by Alexander IV on 30 November, 1259, and by Clement IV on 3 November, 1265."

    Offline Nadir

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #7 on: March 10, 2020, 11:42:34 PM »
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  • From the Catholic Encyclopedia:
    "It [torture] was first authorized by Innocent IV in his Bull "Ad exstirpanda" of 15 May, 1252, which was confirmed by Alexander IV on 30 November, 1259, and by Clement IV on 3 November, 1265."
    This Bull of Pope Innocent IV 

    http://www.docuмentacatholicaomnia.eu/01p/1252-05-15,_SS_Innocentius_IV,_Bulla_'Ad_Extirpanda',_EN.pdf



    is adressed specifically to the heads of state or rulers, ministers and citizens established in the states and districts of Lombardy, Riviera di Romagnola, and Marchia Tervisina, and is applied to the problem of heretics (only) in this limited defined region of Italy. It is not a universal teaching for the whole Church, refers to heretics only and is not for all times. Moreover it makes no mention of torture. 

    Law 25 limits the force that may be used against (convicted) heretics to confess their errors and reveal their fellow evildoers.


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    Offline Mercyandjustice

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #8 on: March 11, 2020, 06:54:40 PM »
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  • This Bull of Pope Innocent IV

    http://www.docuмentacatholicaomnia.eu/01p/1252-05-15,_SS_Innocentius_IV,_Bulla_'Ad_Extirpanda',_EN.pdf



    is adressed specifically to the heads of state or rulers, ministers and citizens established in the states and districts of Lombardy, Riviera di Romagnola, and Marchia Tervisina, and is applied to the problem of heretics (only) in this limited defined region of Italy. It is not a universal teaching for the whole Church, refers to heretics only and is not for all times. Moreover it makes no mention of torture.

    Law 25 limits the force that may be used against (convicted) heretics to confess their errors and reveal their fellow evildoers.
    It does mention torture though.. It says heretics are to "be forced" to confess their errors. It places limits, sure, but it is still torture, no?

    Offline Nadir

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #9 on: March 11, 2020, 08:05:21 PM »
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  • Then quote the exact words, and do not feel free to put your own interpretation on it. The word torture does not appear in the docuмent. Force does not equal torture. If a policeman handcuffs a dangerous prisoner do you call that "torture"?
    Help of Christians, guard our land from assault or inward stain,
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    Offline Mercyandjustice

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #10 on: March 11, 2020, 09:17:46 PM »
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  • Then quote the exact words, and do not feel free to put your own interpretation on it. The word torture does not appear in the docuмent. Force does not equal torture. If a policeman handcuffs a dangerous prisoner do you call that "torture"?
    "The head of state or ruler must force all the heretics whom he has in custody, 8provided he does so without killing them or breaking their arms or legs, as actual robbers and murderers of souls and thieves of the sacraments of God and Christian faith, to confess their errors"

    The limit, "provided he does so without killing them or breaking their arms or legs," seems to imply a somewhat limited use of physical force on the heretic to get him to confess.

    Though your comment on handcuffs does raise an interesting point. What exactly constitutes torture? Is it every type of pain/discomfort inflicted on someone? For any reason or only some reasons? Does it have to reach a certain degree of severity?


    Offline Nadir

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #11 on: March 11, 2020, 10:45:57 PM »
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  • "The head of state or ruler must force all the heretics whom he has in custody, 8provided he does so without killing them or breaking their arms or legs, as actual robbers and murderers of souls and thieves of the sacraments of God and Christian faith, to confess their errors"

    The limit, "provided he does so without killing them or breaking their arms or legs," seems to imply a somewhat limited use of physical force on the heretic to get him to confess.

    Though your comment on handcuffs does raise an interesting point. What exactly constitutes torture? Is it every type of pain/discomfort inflicted on someone? For any reason or only some reasons? Does it have to reach a certain degree of severity?
    Yes, that is the only mention of not torture but force, which may be physical., and should not be so forceful as to break bones. This is for the purpose of urging them to repent and to confess their crimes.
    .
    There is no need here to define torture, seeing there is no mention of torture. 
    .
    Torture does not include "every type of pain/discomfort inflicted on someone". If I go to the dentist, he causes me pain and discomfort, but he does not torture me. However if he decides, because he is sadistic, to pull my teeth without anaethesia, then that could be defined as torture.
    .
    Just beware of those you hate the Church and wish to twist history to suit their own heretical purpose.
    .
    Which is not to say that nobody in authority ever used torture; rather the Church moral teaching does not change, though social conditions do.
    .
    Remember that heresy is an evil thing. Fear not he who can kill the body; fear rather he who can kill the soul. The consequeces are dire as heretics can send their own souls and the souls that they lead astray into Hell for eternity.
    Help of Christians, guard our land from assault or inward stain,
    Let it be what God has planned, His new Eden where You reign.

    Offline Mercyandjustice

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #12 on: March 12, 2020, 05:01:39 AM »
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  • Yes, that is the only mention of not torture but force, which may be physical., and should not be so forceful as to break bones. This is for the purpose of urging them to repent and to confess their crimes.
    .
    There is no need here to define torture, seeing there is no mention of torture.
    .
    Torture does not include "every type of pain/discomfort inflicted on someone". If I go to the dentist, he causes me pain and discomfort, but he does not torture me. However if he decides, because he is sadistic, to pull my teeth without anaethesia, then that could be defined as torture.
    .
    Just beware of those you hate the Church and wish to twist history to suit their own heretical purpose.
    .
    Which is not to say that nobody in authority ever used torture; rather the Church moral teaching does not change, though social conditions do.
    .
    Remember that heresy is an evil thing. Fear not he who can kill the body; fear rather he who can kill the soul. The consequeces are dire as heretics can send their own souls and the souls that they lead astray into Hell for eternity.
    It was only after the bull that torture was used in the inquisition courts, so historically people interpreted it as allowing physical force, which could rightly be described as torture. Tearing off nails, strapado, branding, whipping, water torture, etc. All of these use force but dont break bones.. Wouldnt you classify these as torture? 

    Offline Mithrandylan

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #13 on: March 12, 2020, 12:26:56 PM »
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  • Ad extirpanda indeed sanctioned torture, although whether or not the inquisitional courts (secular or clerical) were free of it up to that point is debatable.  The ecclesiastically led inquisition, after all, only existed in the first place to curb the overzealous and unqualified prosecution of heretics by secular princes.  
    .
    Here is an excellent study on the Church's history with coercion: https://archive.org/details/inquisitioncriti00vaca/
    .
    The Church had never historically used coercion (and indeed some fathers explicitly taught against it) in the case of heresy until around the 12th and 13th centuries.  It was at this time when Catharism was blooming, and unlike other heresies (say, Arianism) it had very dire social consequences for Christendom (beyond the schisms that all heresy tends to breed).  It was a heresy with effects neither the Church nor the Christian state had dealt with before.  Princes, and eventually the Church, regarded it as something that had to be addressed forcefully rather than merely through argumentation and various levels of tolerance, which was the practice through the first millennium.

    "Be kind; do not seek the malicious satisfaction of having discovered an additional enemy to the Church... And, above all, be scrupulously truthful. To all, friends and foes alike, give that serious attention which does not misrepresent any opinion, does not distort any statement, does not mutilate any quotation. We need not fear to serve the cause of Christ less efficiently by putting on His spirit". (Vermeersch, 1913).

    Offline Mithrandylan

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    Re: Traditional Catholic teaching on torture?
    « Reply #14 on: March 12, 2020, 12:47:36 PM »
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  • OP, I would recommend reading that book, or at least much of it, to help you answer your question.
    .
    It provides much more detail than a bull will on how torture was actually used.  Torture was not used to actually solicit confessions, but to solicit confession readiness.  This might seem like a technical difference, but it's significant because confessions were not regarded to have any force of law if they were solicited during torture.  You will also find that fairly quickly after Pope Innocent's bull, subsequent Popes regulated torture more strictly (we're talking about in the course of not many years) and eventually put it mostly into disuse.  Further, its use was restrained only to those who were gravely suspicious.
    .
    Obviously none of that answers the in principle question of whether or not torture is lawful, but it helps us get a better picture of how it was actually used so that when we look at the issue we know what we are dealing with and what we are not dealing with.  And that can help us maintain dispassion, if nothing else. 
    .
    In principle, I would have to think that torture is morally licit, although I would at the same time think that the situations where it would be licit would be quite rare.  Laws permitting it might not be the most prudent.  And I think the Church agrees, as she scaled back the provisions in Pope Innocent's bull rather quickly, and popes prior to Innocent condemned its use. 
    "Be kind; do not seek the malicious satisfaction of having discovered an additional enemy to the Church... And, above all, be scrupulously truthful. To all, friends and foes alike, give that serious attention which does not misrepresent any opinion, does not distort any statement, does not mutilate any quotation. We need not fear to serve the cause of Christ less efficiently by putting on His spirit". (Vermeersch, 1913).