The male sex is more noble [nobilior] than the female, and for this reason He took human nature in the male sex. But lest the female sex should be despised, it was fitting that He should take flesh of a woman. Hence Augustine says (De Agone Christ. xi): "Men, despise not yourselves: the Son of God became a man: despise not yourselves, women; the Son of God was born of a woman."He also seemed to think sex ("gender") comes from the soul, yet St. Thomas explicitly denies this in Super Sent., lib. 4 d. 25 q. 2 a. 1 qc. 1 arg. 3 (http://www.corpusthomisticuм.org/snp4024.html#19092):
Sed sexus non est in anima.St. Ambrose says the same thing in De Virginitate cap. 13 (https://archive.org/stream/onholyvirginity00ambr#page/42/mode/2up) ("the sexes of our souls are not different").
The lecturer thought equal numbers of male and female implies the man isn't the active principle, yet, e.g., St. Thomas writes in Summa Theologica III q. 31 a. 4 (https://isidore.co/aquinas/summa/TP/TP031.html#TPQ31A4THEP1) ad 1:He also seemed to think sex ("gender") comes from the soul, yet St. Thomas explicitly denies this in Super Sent., lib. 4 d. 25 q. 2 a. 1 qc. 1 arg. 3 (http://www.corpusthomisticuм.org/snp4024.html#19092):St. Ambrose says the same thing in De Virginitate cap. 13 (https://archive.org/stream/onholyvirginity00ambr#page/42/mode/2up) ("the sexes of our souls are not different")..
physical sɛҳuąƖity is not inherently part of our makeup in the resurrection as it is here on earth.
Objection 1: It would seem that not all the members of the human body will rise again. For if the end be done away it is useless to repair the means. Now the end of each member is its act. Since then nothing useless is done in the Divine works, and since the use of certain members is not fitting to man after the resurrection, especially the use of the genital members, for then they "shall neither marry, nor be married" (Mt. 22:30 (http://drbo.org/cgi-bin/s?b=drl&q=Mt++22%3A30)), it would seem that not all the members shall rise again.
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Reply to Objection 1: The members may be considered in two ways in relation to the soul: either according to the relation of matter to form, or according to the relation of instrument to agent, since "the whole body is compared to the whole soul in the same way as one part is to another" (De Anima ii, 1). If then the members be considered in the light of the first relationship, their end is not operation, but rather the perfect being of the species, and this is also required after the resurrection: but if they be considered in the light of the second relationship, then their end is operation. And yet it does not follow that when the operation fails the instrument is useless, because an instrument serves not only to accomplish the operation of the agent, but also to show its virtue. Hence it will be necessary for the virtue of the soul's powers to be shown in their bodily instruments, even though they never proceed to action, so that the wisdom of God be thereby glorified.
I answer that, Just as, considering the nature of the individual, a different quantity is due to different men, so also, considering the nature of the individual, a different sex is due to different men. Moreover, this same diversity is becoming to the perfection of the species, the different degrees whereof are filled by this very difference of sex and quantity. Wherefore just as men will rise again of various stature, so will they rise again of different sex. And though there be difference of sex there will be no shame in seeing one another, since there will no lust to invite them to shameful deeds which are the cause of shame.
For in the resurrection they shall neither marry nor be married, but shall be as [sicut] the angels of God in heaven.
17. A man (vir) is so called, because in him resides greater power (vis) than in a woman – hence also ‘strength’ (virtus) received its name – or else because he deals with a woman by force (vis). 18. But the word woman (mulier) comes from softness (mollities), as if mollier (cf. mollior, “softer”), after a letter has been cut and a letter changed, is now called mulier. 19. These two are differentiated by the respective strength and weakness of their bodies. But strength is greater in a man, lesser in a woman, so that she will submit to the power of the man; evidently this is so lest, if women were to resist, lust should drive men to seek out something else or throw themselves upon the male sex. 20. As I was saying, woman (mulier) is named for her feminine sex, not for a corruption of her innocence, [∵ mollities can mean self-abuse] and this is according to the word of Sacred Scripture, for Eve was called woman as soon as she was made from the side of her man, when she had not yet had any contact with a man, as is said in the Bible (cf. Gen. 2:22): “And he formed her into a woman (mulier).”
For in the resurrection they shall neither marry nor be married, but shall be as [sicut] the angels of God in heaven.Even the first clause, "For in the resurrection they shall neither marry [γαμούσιν = "to wed (of either sex):--marry (a wife)" / nubent] nor be married [εκγαμίζονται = "to marry off a daughter:--give in marriage." / nubentur (passive)]," distinguishes sex/gender.
Jerome says: “Nubere is used in one way in Latin, and another in Greek, for in Latin ‘to marry’ [nubere] is said only of women; hence, it is not said of either in the passive voice; but in Greek men marry, that is they take wives, while women are married [passive voice], but do not marry [active voice].” Therefore, He says, They shall neither marry, referring to men, nor be married, referring to women.(source (https://aquinas.cc/184/186/2423))