THE EARTHMOVERS: Such faith however was abandoned in the Church for mere human reasoning in spite of the exegetical problems this left in its wake, as Bellarmine warned Foscarini in his letter of 1615:
For Your reverence has demonstrated many ways of explaining Holy Scripture, the Word of God, but you have not applied them in particular, and without a doubt you would have found it most difficult if you had attempted to explain all the passages which you yourself have cited.
Let us now try to explain Job’s passages (38:31-33) heliocentrically, as churchmen since 1835 have Catholics doing. This exegesis has God asking Job trick questions. Had Job been a Vatican II churchman, he would have answered, Well, we now know the stars of Arcturus, as well as the sun and moon do not actually turn as you suggest Lord, no, it is the earth that is doing the turning. And yes, we do know the order of the heavens; it is Big Bang heliocentric, due to universal gravitation. In effect then, this cosmic lesson of humility in the Book of Job is rendered redundant by such Copernican exegesis. But is such a form of hermeneutics not close to blasphemy, even heresy?
Now as fickle men with our ever-changing ideas about the universe flit from one theory to the next as further discoveries lead on to more speculation, surely churchmen had no justification in accepting theories, assumptions, probabilities and affirmations of consequents promulgated by astronomers, physicists, philosophers and theologians as exact knowledge, and certainly not as a truth contrary to that defined and declared by the Church’s 1616 decree. But they did.
Indeed, until men like Copernicus and Galileo appeared and were listened to, harmony did prevail. Conflict began only when false science, which cannot accord with truth, reared its ugly head from the abyss. After Alchemy – specifically characterized in Hermetic tradition as “the operation of the sun,” [Latin - De Labore Solis?] - dissolved into the larger Baconian revolution and came out as modern science, it began postulating its own dogmas apart from God’s testimony about His own works.
Succuмbing like Eve to the Serpent’s primordial invitation to “be as gods,” philosophers [and then churchmen] began throwing theological guidelines to the winds, inevitably abandoning the real world for one of their own imaging. Their course led ever further from the visible and observable to the hypothetical and purely mathematical….
Yet with no sense of irony or contradiction, the new Gnostics opted [to abandon] the “practical,” deductive reasoning, which by its nature tends to certifiable conclusions, in favour of inductive reasoning, which yields only probabilities, resting as it does on constantly accuмulated data. Perpetually shifting its premises, such “science” is not concerned with truth at all, but only with what works for the moment.( Solange Hertz: Beyond Politics, Veritas Press, 1992-5, p.62. )
Now whereas modern science has no problem moving from one ‘paradigm’ to the next as new discoveries, ideas, theories, assumptions and conjecture cause changes to its thinking, seemingly with little negative consequences to its reputation or principles, the same cannot be said of the Catholic Faith. It has its dogmatic truths that cannot change.
Alas, here in the Copernican revolution we find a transfer of creation - from the metaphysical thing that it is, created from nothing by God who holds it in its active existence by His will, a creation illustrated by a universe beyond the ability of man to comprehend fully - to a universe that works independent of Him, using laws contrived by man to work through natural causes alone.
Accordingly, this loss of faith; never recognised in the Church as such, only as an error in exegesis and science, had serious consequences and repercussions that no error in hermeneutics and science alone could bring about. Here is how Andrew White records it.
Within two centuries…the world was led into a new realm of thought in which an evolution theory of the visible universe was sure to be rapidly developed. For there came, one after the other, five of the greatest men our race has produced, Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Descartes, and Newton, and when their work was done the old theological conception of the universe was gone. “The spacious firmament on high”…the Almighty enthroned upon “the circle of the heavens,” and with His own hands, or with angels as His agents, keeping sun, moon, and planets in motion for the benefit of the earth, … all this had disappeared. These five men had given a new divine revelation to the world; and through the last, Newton, had come a vast new conception, destined to be fatal to the old theory of creation, for he had shown throughout the universe, in place of almighty caprice, all-pervading law…By the middle of the nineteenth century the whole theological theory of creation – though still preached everywhere as a matter of form – was clearly seen by all thinking men to be hopelessly lost. (Andrew. D. White: A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom, 1896, p.15.)