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Author Topic: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity  (Read 2653 times)

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Offline DigitalLogos

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Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
« on: December 27, 2021, 07:10:56 PM »
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  • I thought I'd share this excerpt from Dr. Sugenis's book "The Geocentric Universe" on how he interprets Hildegard von Bingen's vision of what we call gravity may function utilizing ether displacing a vacuum to cause variations in mass and, therefore, the effect we know as gravity (if I am understanding him correctly).

    To me, this sounds like a variation of density and buoyancy yet with the ether providing variations in mass.


    Quote
    Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity  

      As we have noted earlier, Isaac Newton did not discover the nature of
    gravity. He merely gave us a mathematical formula to calculate its effects.
    Although Newton and his devotees usually describe gravity as an attractive
    force, the most that can be said for this view is that it satisfies the
    appearances. The main problem with viewing gravity as a local force due
    to some innate property of matter is that it would not begin to explain how
    gravity can operate over vast distances, otherwise known as the "action-at-a-
    distance" problem, something Newton hardly addressed, let alone
    solved.
      Recall in our earlier discussion concerning the makeup of the atom
    that there exists a huge volume between the nucleon and the electron. In 1911 Ernest Rutherford, after bombarding very thin sheets of gold with
    alpha particles, discovered that even though the alpha particles were 8,000
    times larger than the electron, and the metal foil was 400 atoms-thick,
    nevertheless, most of the particles penetrated the foil with little problem.
    Only a few, perhaps 1 in 1,000, were scattered, some deflected 90 degrees,
    others 180 degrees. An obvious interpretation of this phenomenon is that
    most of the alpha particles move through the atom as if it were almost
    completely empty. The few alpha particles that were deflected had done so
    because they hit the nucleus of the atom, which means that most of the
    mass of the atom is concentrated at the central point. As it turns out, only a
    quadrillionth of the atom is occupied by mass, that is, only
    0.000,000,000,000,1%. What constitutes the other
    99.999,999,999,999,9%? Hildegard's vision tells us that it is the fourth
    element, "air," or what we would understand as a subatomic ether that
    pervades the whole universe, yet it does not penetrate the nucleus or the
    electron but only the space between the two. In a simple analogy, we could
    say that the "fire" of the electron is bathed in a sea of cosmic "air" in order
    that it can continue to "burn." As Hildegard describes it: "In each of the
    elements there indwells an air that corresponds to its nature."130 Every
    cubic centimeter of space, and even matter itself, contains trillions upon
    trillions of these little entities, forming an invisible medium throughout the
    universe. As Oliver Lodge wrote, quoting J. J. Thomson:



    Quote
    In fact, all mass is mass of the ether; all momentum, momentum
    of the ether. This view, it should be said, requires the density of
    the ether to be immensely greater than that of any known
    substance.



      Yes, far denser - so dense that matter by comparison is like gossamer,
    or a filmy imperceptible mist, or a milky way. Not unreal or unimportant -
    a cobweb is not unreal, nor to certain creatures is it unimportant, but it
    cannot be said to be massive or dense; and matter, even platinum, is not
    dense when compared with the ether.131
      This subatomic ether performs a number of important tasks, but
    probably the most important is that it helps create gravity. As it occupies
    the space in the atom, as in Rutherford's experiment, most of it passes
    through, but some of it hits the nucleus, yet it cannot penetrate the nucleus
    because of the latter's density. This fits the science we already know
    concerning protons. They are virtually indestructible and do not decay.
    Experiments with the proton reveal that its average lifetime must exceed
    10^32 years.132 Although the nucleus is about 10-14 cm in length, its density
    is far more compact. No one really knows how dense it is. In any case, the atom moves in whatever direction the ether moves the nucleus. There is no
    longer any need to wonder why atoms were designed with mostly "empty
    space." They were designed as such to allow them to be penetrated by
    even smaller unseen entities to create the phenomenon of gravity.133
      As we noted above, modern science has found substantial evidence
    that open space is not a vacuum; rather, it is filled with infinitesimal
    particles. It was for this very reason that the interferometer experiments in
    the course of 50 years all demonstrated positive results for an ether circling
    the Earth, but results that were not even close to coinciding with an Earth
    revolving around the sun at 66,000 mph. We also noted earlier that Carl
    Anderson discovered the positron in 1932. From this discovery various
    scientists have understood that space is packed with electron-positron pairs
    (or what we have coined as "electropons"), such that the sudden
    appearance of an electropon pair when a 1.02 MeV charge is administered
    in open space is that the charge is jarring the particles loose from the allpervading
    electropon lattice. One scientist, Menahem Simhony, estimates
    that the number of electropon pairs in one cubic millimeter of space is 6 ×
    10^30, with a binding energy of 27 quadrillion kilowatt hours, yet this
    energy is a million times smaller than the binding energy of the atomic
    nucleus.134 Hence, the nucleus would remain impenetrable to the
    electropons, and thus the electropon sea could move the nucleus. Thus we
    have a viable mechanism for gravity. Later we will discover what might
    move the electropon sea against the nucleus.

      Simhony's value of 10^30 electropons per cubic millimeter of space is
    precisely the same value found by another researcher in the field, Allen
    Rothwarf (although the two scientists worked independently).135
    Moreover, setting their sights on specifically addressing the gravity
    question, Frederick Rothwarf and Sisir Roy combine the electropon pairs
    into a second ether composed of particles on the Planck scale, so that there
    are "two ethers." Offering a solution to gravity, they write:



    Quote
    These particles, called partons or gravitons, are assumed to have
    a mass equal to the Planck mass136 and to constitute an ether AG,
    that transmits gravitational forces at a speed cG, which exceeds
    the speed of light c0. Along similar lines, Van Flandern and
    Vigier have analyzed planetary and cosmological data to obtain a
    lower limit of cG, 2 10^10 c0 = 6 × 10^18 m/s" [i.e., 20 billion
    times the speed of light].137



      Einstein had limited the speed of gravity to luminal parameters, but
    many physicists admit that this limitation simply will not survive in a universe of Planck dimensions, and it is one of the reasons why Relativity
    and Quantum Mechanics have never had a successful union.
      That gravity is based on an ether-pressure is related to the various
    corpuscular theories of gravity originating in the work of Nicholas Fatio de
    Duillier (b. 1664) and Georges-Louis Le Sage (b. 1724), and continuing in
    modern times to the more advanced theories. For example, astrophysicist
    Toivo Jaakkola writes:



    Quote
    A few words about the gravitational ether, and the ether concept
    in general may be in place here. The ether hypothesis was
    thought to be buried by the Michelson-Morley experiment, but
    today it is more alive than ever, in the form of the CBR [Cosmic
    Background Radiation]: experiments capable of finding the ether
    were not possible in the 1880s, but were possible in the 1960s. In
    a sense, the electromagnetic ether has always been observed – as
    the heat of the Sun (since as pointed out, CBR is reprocessed
    photons).
    The gravitational ether must be structured much like its
    electromagnetic counterpart. Local fields would cause the
    ordinary gravitational processes. Corresponding to CBR, there
    must be a cosmic background gravitation, CBG, probably with
    its specific gravitational spectrum. How to observe CBG? It has
    been already observed, as the cosmological redshift effect, z.
    Gravitation works via gravitational quanta, gravitons".
    Quantized gravitation is also required by the redshift and other
    equilibrium effects. Gravitons are gravitational equivalent to
    electromagnetic quanta, photons, both those of the cosmic
    background radiation CBR and incident photons from galaxies.
    Gravitons and baryonic matter interact and are in equilibrium on
    the cosmological scale. The graviton-baryonic interaction is the
    redshift effect, and the CBR is re-emission of energy gained by
    the cosmological gravitons in the redshift effect.
    Gravitation on a body is a pressure effect of gravitons flowing
    from the background space. As a rule, due to the equilibrium
    principle, the flow is proportional to the mass of the body. As for
    all concentric flows (e.g., radiation) the surface density of the
    graviton inflow follows the familiar inverse square distance
    law".The energy of the gravitons is proportional to the
    parameter which we call "strength of gravitation," G. Therefore, we obtain for the surface gravity on a spherical body with mass
    M and radius R the familiar Newtonian a = GM/R^2.
    All the main cosmological, astrophysical and physical facts: the
    gravity and Olbers paradoxes, redshift effects and CBR,
    gravitation and radiation, and the existence of particles can be
    conceived in the framework of this ether concept.138



    In summary, Jaskkola holds that:

    • The CMB [CBR] radiation shows that ether exists all over the
      universe.
    • The redshift shows that a Cosmic Background Gravitation in the
      form of gravitons also exists.
    • Gravitons interact with baryonic matter (the atomic nucleus).
    • Gravitation on a body is a pressure effect of gravitons flowing
      from the background space.
    • The strength of the gravitons is equal to the gravitational constant
      G, and the force is measured by the inverse square law.

    Halton Arp adds that gravitons are:

    Quote
    ...very low mass particles with a huge de Broglie wavelength
    compared to photons [and thus] have much less interaction with
    the intergalactic medium....The photon is transmitted through
    the average cosmic false vacuum, material vacuum or zero point
    energy field - to use just a few names given to the old fashion
    concept of 'ether.' But the graviton interacts with much less of
    this molasses and hence moves much faster.139


      Reginald T. Cahill adds that interferometer experiments dating back
    to Miller in 1925 and the coaxial cable experiments up through DeWitte in
    1991 show the presence of gravitational waves. These waves are said to be
    the proper interpretation of the periodic and non-random fluctuations in the
    same forces measured by the "Stanford University-NASA Gravity Probe
    B" satellite experiment that measured a geodetic precession and the Lense-
    Thirring 'frame-dragging.' Cahill concludes that the data shows "gravity
    may be....well represented in terms of a 'flow' system involving a velocity
    vector field....and this formalism is physically indistinguishable from the
    Newtonian formalism..."140
      How might this ether "flow" system work, mechanically speaking, to
    cause the effect of gravity? As we noted previously, the mechanism may
    actually be very simple. The ether has a granularity and concentration that
    is far finer and far denser, respectively, than ordinary matter. As such,
    ether will serve as the interstitial substance that fills the so-called "empty"
    space within the atom, as well as the space outside the atom. Since,
    however, the ether does not penetrate the atom's individual particles
    (protons, neutrons, etc), these atomic particles thus account for a
    percentage of the mass of the atom. But since the atomic particles are less
    dense than the ether, yet they occupy space in the atom, this means that the
    total density within the atom will be slightly less than the density of ether
    outside the atom. This imbalance will cause what can best be described as
    a partial vacuum in the ether, and the ether will seek to correct the vacuum
    by attempting to come to equilibrium. Here is the key: The effort to correct
    the vacuum pressure is the cause of gravity. The less-dense ether within
    the atom will seek to draw inward the denser ether that is outside the atom,
    and this force will continue until a balance is reached, but, in fact, a
    balance is never reached, and thus the force of gravity persists indefinitely.
      In Newton's case, for example, the apple falls to the Earth because the
    larger the mass, the stronger the vacuum pressure. The Earth, which is the
    larger mass, will create a stronger ether vacuum pressure than a smaller
    mass, and thus the smaller mass (the apple) will be drawn toward the
    larger mass by the force of the Earth's greater ether vacuum pressure. The
    reason the Earth creates a greater ether vacuum pressure than the apple is
    that the more atomic mass an object has, the less interstitial ether it will
    possess in its given volume, and thus the greater the imbalance it will have
    with the ether outside its mass. The Earth, having more mass than the
    apple, has less interstitial ether within its particular volume and thus a
    greater ether vacuum.
      By the same principle, Jupiter will have more gravitational force than
    the Earth because Jupiter, having more atomic mass than Earth, will have
    less interstitial ether for its given volume, and thus create a greater ether
    vacuum, which then attempts to pull more forcefully the ether from outside
    the planet in order to reach equilibrium.

    -Sugenis, The Geocentric Universe, p.69-74.



    "Be not therefore solicitous for tomorrow; for the morrow will be solicitous for itself. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof." [Matt. 6:34]

    "In all thy works remember thy last end, and thou shalt never sin." [Ecclus. 7:40]

    "A holy man continueth in wisdom as the sun: but a fool is changed as the moon." [Ecclus. 27:12]


    Online Ladislaus

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #1 on: December 27, 2021, 07:59:44 PM »
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  • Quote
    otherwise known as the "action-at-a-distance" problem, something Newton hardly addressed, let alone solved.

    But Newton did address it and admitted that he was troubled by it.


    Online Ladislaus

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #2 on: December 27, 2021, 08:05:41 PM »
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  • Tesla also speculated that "gravity" was caused by flow of ether.

    Scientists long believed in either because light travels in waves, and waves are not considered possible except through a medium of some kind.

    Of course, when the Michelson-Morley experiment demonstrated that the earth stands still, they had to get rid of it, so they came up with absurd completely unproven theories such as the Lorentz contraction and then relativity in desperation to get rid of ether, and they presented these as fact, and built up the mythos and the legend of the fictional personality Albert Einstein.

    Of course, now, their theories about gravity are so badly off that they were forced to concoct this notion of "Dark Matter".

    Offline DigitalLogos

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #3 on: December 27, 2021, 08:46:27 PM »
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  • Tesla also speculated that "gravity" was caused by flow of ether.

    Scientists long believed in either because light travels in waves, and waves are not considered possible except through a medium of some kind.

    Of course, when the Michelson-Morley experiment demonstrated that the earth stands still, they had to get rid of it, so they came up with absurd completely unproven theories such as the Lorentz contraction and then relativity in desperation to get rid of ether, and they presented these as fact, and built up the mythos and the legend of the fictional personality Albert Einstein.

    Of course, now, their theories about gravity are so badly off that they were forced to concoct this notion of "Dark Matter".
    And here in this idea of gravity, it is the flow of ether between particles which causes the variations in mass creating this "ether vacuum" pulling those objects with less mass toward it. In a way, it kind of reminds me of Einstein's absurd "space-time warping", as the density of the earth, due to ether flow, is beyond that of all things which rest on its surface, therefore pulling them downward toward it as objects would sink into a basin. At least, that's what I'm getting here from Sugenis.

    In a way, this would make some sense as to why gases don't simply escape from the atmosphere, as they cannot escape the etheric flow of earth's mass versus their own mass (picturing water being continually poured into a basin, water here representing ether). But this still doesn't explain how they don't escape into the "vacuum" of space, given that the entire premise of this hypothesis is ether filling a vacuum to begin with. Unless "space" is not a vacuum at all but is instead filled with ether, which would then provide some explanation as to why the earth's atmosphere remains contained within the "basin" caused by its own ether vacuum. :confused:

    And this all presupposes that the Firmament is not directly above earth's atmosphere, but is in fact the barrier which contains the entire universe; the model which Sugenis is expressing with this book.
    "Be not therefore solicitous for tomorrow; for the morrow will be solicitous for itself. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof." [Matt. 6:34]

    "In all thy works remember thy last end, and thou shalt never sin." [Ecclus. 7:40]

    "A holy man continueth in wisdom as the sun: but a fool is changed as the moon." [Ecclus. 27:12]

    Offline DigitalLogos

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #4 on: December 27, 2021, 08:53:31 PM »
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  • Bl. Hildegard's conception of the universe, for comparison

    "Be not therefore solicitous for tomorrow; for the morrow will be solicitous for itself. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof." [Matt. 6:34]

    "In all thy works remember thy last end, and thou shalt never sin." [Ecclus. 7:40]

    "A holy man continueth in wisdom as the sun: but a fool is changed as the moon." [Ecclus. 27:12]


    Offline DigitalLogos

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #5 on: December 27, 2021, 09:07:48 PM »
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  • Of course, now, their theories about gravity are so badly off that they were forced to concoct this notion of "Dark Matter".
    A few pages later, Sugenis interprets Hildegard's vision of the "winds" of the cosmos as a means to account for this problem of which "dark matter" is a solution:


    Quote
    These same winds, as they travel from the outer edge of the universe toward the Earth, create the phenomenon of gravity and inertia for every other celestial body in the universe. Consequently, any celestial body outside the Earth's immediate area will experience disproportional cosmic wind currents and thus move with respect to those currents.

    Hildegard intimates that the winds originate both by the energy latent within each celestial layer (based on the principle that “fire” is included in each of the other three elements: air, water, and earth), yet the largest and primary cosmic wind begins in the layer of pure energy that is in the outer layer of the universe where also the universe’s most massive stars are located.144 In a fashion easily explainable in terms of modern science, the energy from the outer layer of the universe creates the inward gravitational pressure as it moves the particulate substance in space in symmetric wave motion towards the center of the universe. In this way, every object of the universe will experience gravity and inertia. Hildegard insists that there is neither movement nor force without these cosmic winds. Thus gravity is not a "curvature of space" and inertia is not an inherent property of motion, but both are the result of a well-designed universal machine working on the principle of mechanical cause and effect. Hildegard's vision of universal winds thus replaces the need for Dark Matter, for we can easily see that gravity is not dependent on the presence of matter; rather, it is a pressure force caused by the transfer of some type of electrical or plasma energy into a kinetic energy so that the cosmic winds can carry the waves of gravity and interact with the matter in a closed universe. It is possible that the high energy gamma-ray bursts or X-ray bursts found over the entire perimeter of the cosmos may be the peep holes by which we can verify the existence of this universal energy.

    -Sugenis, p. 79

    "Be not therefore solicitous for tomorrow; for the morrow will be solicitous for itself. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof." [Matt. 6:34]

    "In all thy works remember thy last end, and thou shalt never sin." [Ecclus. 7:40]

    "A holy man continueth in wisdom as the sun: but a fool is changed as the moon." [Ecclus. 27:12]

    Offline DigitalLogos

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #6 on: December 27, 2021, 09:41:54 PM »
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  • As a side note, the more I read of Sugenis's interpretation of Hildegard's visions, the more I think he's reaching a bit to fit them within the framework of modern astronomy and physics. Hildegard explicitly states that the sixteen great stars are fixed within the Firmament "like nails in a wall"; yet Sugenis is interpreting this with the modern notion of stars being identical to the Sun with varying sizes. There's a clear difference between something being "fixed" within something else, and being positioned in "space" as the modern cosmology purports. Especially since the Firmament is taken by Sugenis to be of a tremendous density (10^94 g/cm^3) in Hildegard's "foam-like structure of space". It is a far cry from her visions to say that these stars are free-floating in the cosmic tides of "space" when she explicitly says they are "fixed" within such a dense mass as the Firmament.
    "Be not therefore solicitous for tomorrow; for the morrow will be solicitous for itself. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof." [Matt. 6:34]

    "In all thy works remember thy last end, and thou shalt never sin." [Ecclus. 7:40]

    "A holy man continueth in wisdom as the sun: but a fool is changed as the moon." [Ecclus. 27:12]

    Offline Tradman

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #7 on: December 28, 2021, 03:26:30 PM »
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  • Let Sungenis explain how the sun, 93,000,000 miles out, is IN the firmament...according to scripture.  And let him explain how the sun travels a half a billion miles in orbit around the earth EVERY SINGLE DAY.  Also, let him explain how the firmament, described in scripture as a dome/vault/tent, can cover a globe earth.  

    Don't worry, whatever Sungenis comes up with will be ridiculous as he scrambles to try to hold together the model that justifies his movies and books.    


    Offline Marion

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #8 on: December 28, 2021, 03:29:10 PM »
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  • Let Sungenis explain how the sun, 93,000,000 miles out, is IN the firmament...according to scripture.  And let him explain how the sun travels a half a billion miles in orbit around the earth EVERY SINGLE DAY.  Also, let him explain how the firmament, described in scripture as a dome/vault/tent, can cover a globe earth. 

    Don't worry, whatever Sungenis comes up with will be ridiculous as he scrambles to try to hold together the model that justifies his movies and books.   

    Sungenis did explain this, and it was posted recently here on CI.
    That meaning of the sacred dogmas is ever to be maintained which has once been declared by holy mother church. (Dei Filius)

    Offline Tradman

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #9 on: December 28, 2021, 03:35:31 PM »
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  • Sungenis did explain this, and it was posted recently here on CI.
    Imaginings in the sphere of Sungenis' mind is not proof that earth is a globe.  Scripture says earth is set on pillars but Sungenis says earth hangs in space.  I suppose he has an outrageous hypothesis for this, too.  Sungenis suffers from diabolical disorientation.     

    Offline Marion

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #10 on: December 28, 2021, 03:42:22 PM »
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  • Imaginings in the sphere of Sungenis' mind is not proof that earth is a globe.  Scripture says earth is set on pillars but Sungenis says earth hangs in space.  I suppose he has an outrageous hypothesis for this, too.  Sungenis suffers from diabolical disorientation.   

    You said "let Sungenis explain". And I mentioned that he did. You suffer from shifting goalposts.
    That meaning of the sacred dogmas is ever to be maintained which has once been declared by holy mother church. (Dei Filius)


    Offline Tradman

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #11 on: December 28, 2021, 03:49:26 PM »
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  • You said "let Sungenis explain". And I mentioned that he did. You suffer from shifting goalposts.
    It's not possible he made a lick of sense.  Can you remind me what he said? I don't think I saw it.  

    Offline DigitalLogos

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #12 on: December 28, 2021, 03:51:40 PM »
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  • Let Sungenis explain how the sun, 93,000,000 miles out, is IN the firmament...according to scripture.  And let him explain how the sun travels a half a billion miles in orbit around the earth EVERY SINGLE DAY.  Also, let him explain how the firmament, described in scripture as a dome/vault/tent, can cover a globe earth. 

    Don't worry, whatever Sungenis comes up with will be ridiculous as he scrambles to try to hold together the model that justifies his movies and books.   
    Imaginings in the sphere of Sungenis' mind is not proof that earth is a globe.  Scripture says earth is set on pillars but Sungenis says earth hangs in space.  I suppose he has an outrageous hypothesis for this, too.  Sungenis suffers from diabolical disorientation.   
    Okay, okay, this isn't about Flat Earth, this is about his interpretation of Hildegard von Bingen's visions of the creation. In her visions, the Firmament is one of the "spheres" containing the universe where these sixteen great stars are fixed. The problem here, is that he accepts the modern belief that stars are massive balls of plasma and gases hanging freely in "space", yet, Hildegard states, quite explicitly, that these sixteen stars  are set in the Firmament "like nails in a wall."

    The problem I have here is Sugenis's presupposition that stars are what modern scientists say they are while Hildegard's vision of these 16 in particular do not appear to support that claim.
    "Be not therefore solicitous for tomorrow; for the morrow will be solicitous for itself. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof." [Matt. 6:34]

    "In all thy works remember thy last end, and thou shalt never sin." [Ecclus. 7:40]

    "A holy man continueth in wisdom as the sun: but a fool is changed as the moon." [Ecclus. 27:12]

    Offline Stanley N

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #13 on: December 28, 2021, 03:58:44 PM »
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  • In her visions, the Firmament is one of the "spheres" containing the universe where these sixteen great stars are fixed.

    What of the other stars? The movement of some can be observed. (Not just the "wandering stars" aka planets)

    Barnard's star for example:

    https://earthsky.org/upl/2017/06/barnards-star.gif

    Offline DigitalLogos

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    Re: Sugenis - Hildegard and the Cause of Gravity
    « Reply #14 on: December 28, 2021, 04:19:20 PM »
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  • What of the other stars? The movement of some can be observed. (Not just the "wandering stars" aka planets)

    Barnard's star for example:

    https://earthsky.org/upl/2017/06/barnards-star.gif
    Here's some excerpts what he has to say about the stars:


    Quote
    The Fourth Day has arrived and God has made additional "lights" to fill
    the heavens. Although the "two great lights" are not given names, it is
    obvious they are the Sun and the Moon. The other lights are called "stars."
    All of these lights are said to be placed in the "firmament of the heavens."
    This is an important point since neither in Genesis nor in any other book of
    Scripture is the Earth said to be "in the heavens." This is because Scripture
    dictates that the Earth is motionless and is therefore in the center of the
    universe and not part of the heavens. Conversely, secular cosmology (e.g.,
    the Big Bang) insists the Earth is as much a part of the heavens as any
    other celestial object.
    As noted earlier, the creation of these additional "lights" in the
    Firmament is coincident with the modification of the original Light of the
    First Day. In this way, the additional lights made on the Fourth Day could
    take over the rhythm of the night/day sequence. If we use our reason to
    determine what occurred, the secondary Light (that was separated from the
    original Light as the Firmament stretched out) was then made into the Sun
    and the stars on the Fourth Day.

    [...]

    Essentially, as the original Light from the First Day was spread out by the
    stretching of the Firmament, it left many and varied bits of "light" along
    the way, or what we today call "stars." These would account for all the
    stars in and outside of our Milky Way galaxy, and thus make up 99% of
    the universe's stars.

    [...]


    During the Fourth Day, God completed the “molding” of the Light of
    the First Day into the Sun and stars. During this time, the Firmament has
    been circling the fixed Earth once per day and it has now completed its
    second revolution. During the Fourth Day, it is on its third revolution
    around the Earth. Naturally, as the Firmament rotates around the Earth on
    the Fourth Day, it carries the stars and the sun with it, which is the same as
    we see today.

    [...]


    Lastly, modern science itself admits that we cannot be certain about
    the distance to the stars. The only empirical method (that is, one that is not
    based on a theory that lacks scientific proof) of determining the distance to
    the stars is stellar parallax, but it can estimate distances only to about 300
    light years.67 Even then, stellar parallax is based on the assumption that
    vast distances separate the two stars being viewed in the telescope.
    Although we presently work from the assumption given to us by modern
    astronomy that the stars are very large and very far away, there is no proof
    for that conclusion. The stars could be very close and smaller than
    presently believed. Even with the finest optical instruments, the stars and
    galaxies remain as mere points of light through our telescope lenses. No
    one has ever obtained a finer focal point, which means either that they are
    very small or very far away. 68

    Sugenis, pp. 36, 37, 38, 42.

    "Be not therefore solicitous for tomorrow; for the morrow will be solicitous for itself. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof." [Matt. 6:34]

    "In all thy works remember thy last end, and thou shalt never sin." [Ecclus. 7:40]

    "A holy man continueth in wisdom as the sun: but a fool is changed as the moon." [Ecclus. 27:12]