THE DOCTRINE OF JOHN OF ST. THOMAS IS HERETICALLY OPPOSED TO THE DOGMA OF THE PRIMACY
"[…] This Council can be convened by the authority of the Church which is in the bishops or the greater majority of them; the Church has, by divine law, the right to separate herself from a heretical Pope, and therefore she has all the means necessary for such a separation; now, a necessary means itself (per se) is to be able to legally prove such a crime; but we cannot prove it legally unless if there is a competent judgment, and in such a serious matter, we cannot have a competent judgment except by the General Council, because it is about the universal head of the Church, so much so that it depends on the judgment of the universal Church, that is to say, of the General Council.
I do not share the opinion of Fr. Suarez who believes that this can be treated by Provincial Councils; indeed, a Provincial Council does not represent the universal Church in a manner that this case can be treated by such authority; and even several Provincial Councils have no such representation or authority.
If this is not about the authority under which one must judge, but about one who has the authority to convene the [General Council], I believe that this is not assigned to a specific person, but it can be done by either the Cardinals who could communicate the news to the bishops, either by the nearest bishops who could tell the others so that all are gathered; or even at the request of princes, not as a summons having coercive force, as when a Pope convenes a Council, but as an "enuntative" convocation that denounces such a crime to the bishops and manifest it in order that they come to bring a remedy. And the Pope cannot annul such a Council or reject it because he is itself part of it (quia ipse est pars) and that the Church has the power, by divine right, to convene the council for this purpose, because she has the right to secede from a heretic."
《This Council can be convened by the authority of the Church which is in the bishops or the greater majority of them》sententia hæretica : The proposition directly opposes the full and absolute power of jurisdiction of the pope over the whole Church.
《 a necessary means itself (per se) is to be able to legally prove such a crime; but we cannot prove it legally unless if there is a competent judgment, [...] we cannot have a competent judgment except by the General Council,》sententia hæretica : The proposition directly opposes the full and absolute power of jurisdiction of the pope over a general council.
《but about one who has the authority to convene the [General Council], I believe that this is not assigned to a specific person, but it can be done by either the Cardinals who could communicate the news to the bishops, either by the nearest bishops who could tell the others so that all are gathered; or even at the request of princes, not as a summons having coercive force, as when a Pope convenes a Council, but as an "enuntative" convocation that denounces such a crime to the bishops and manifest it in order that they come to bring a remedy. And the Pope cannot annul such a Council or reject it because he is itself part of it 》sententia hæretica : The proposition directly opposes the dogma of the "[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]full and supreme power of[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]jurisdiction[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] over the whole Church, [...][/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] dispersed throughout the whole world ... the[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]absolute fullness[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)], of this supreme power; [...][/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]ordinary and immediate[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]both over all and each of the[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]churches[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]and over all and each of the[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]pastors[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]and[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]faithful". [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)][Pastor Æternus][/color]
Therefore, John of St. Thomas was correct on one point in this matter, namely, “it does not appear by whom such a deposition is to be made”, since such a deposition can be made by no one: He explicitly teaches that a “general council” can depose a pope, by an “act of judgment” and “jurisdiction”, which directly opposes the doctrine of the Fifth Lateran Council: “t is clearly established that the Roman Pontiff alone, possessing as it were authority over all Councils, has full right and power of proclaiming Councils, or transferring and dissolving them, not only according to the testimony of Sacred Scripture, from the words of the holy Fathers and even of other Roman Pontiffs, of our predecessors, and from the decrees of the holy canons . . .” . It also directly opposes the solemn dogma of the universal primacy of jurisdiction defined by the First Vatican Council : "[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]We [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]teach and declare [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]that, [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]according to the gospel evidence, a primacy of[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]jurisdiction[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] over the whole Church of God was[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]immediately and directly [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]promised[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]to the blessed apostle Peter and [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]conferred[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]on him by Christ the Lord. [...] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] a true and proper primacy of jurisdiction. [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)][...] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]Therefore, [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]if anyone says that [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]blessed Peter the apostle was not appointed by Christ the Lord as prince of all the apostles and visible head of the whole Church militant; or that [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]it was a primacy of honour only and not one of true and proper jurisdiction that he directly and immediately received from our lord Jesus Christ himself: [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]let him be anathema[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)].[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [...] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]Therefore[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] whoever succeeds to the chair of Peter obtains by the institution of Christ himself, the primacy of Peter over the whole Church. [...] [/color][/b][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]Therefore, [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]if anyone says that [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]it is not by the institution of Christ the Lord himself (that is to say, by divine law) that blessed Peter should have perpetual successors in the primacy over the whole church; or that [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]the Roman pontiff is not the successor of blessed Peter in this primacy: [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]let him be[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]anathema[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]. [...] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]Chapter 3. On the power and character of the primacy of the Roman pontiff 1. [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]And so, supported by the clear witness of holy scripture, and adhering to the manifest and explicit decrees both of our predecessors the Roman pontiffs and of general councils, [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]we promulgate anew the definition of the ecuмenical council of Florence[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [49] , which[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]must be believed[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] by all faithful Christians, namely that the apostolic see and the Roman pontiff hold a world-wide primacy, and that the Roman pontiff is the successor of blessed Peter, the prince of the apostles, true vicar of Christ, head of the whole Church and father and teacher of all Christian people. To him, in blessed Peter, full power has been given by our Lord Jesus Christ to tend, rule and govern the universal Church. [...] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]Wherefore we [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]teach and declare[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] that, [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]by divine ordinance, the Roman Church possesses a pre-eminence of ordinary power over every other church, and that [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]this jurisdictional power of the Roman pontiff is both episcopal and immediate. Both clergy and faithful, of whatever rite and dignity, both singly and collectively, are bound to submit to this power by the duty of hierarchical subordination and true obedience, and this not only in matters concerning faith and morals, but also in those which regard the discipline and government of the church throughout the world. [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)][...] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]Since the Roman pontiff, by the divine right of the apostolic primacy, governs the whole church, we likewise [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]teach and declare[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]that [/color][/b][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]he is the supreme judge of the faithful [52] , and that [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]in all cases which fall under ecclesiastical jurisdiction recourse may be had to his judgment [53] . [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]The sentence of the apostolic see (than which there is no higher authority) is not subject to revision by anyone, [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]nor may anyone lawfully pass judgment thereupon [54] . And so [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]they stray from the genuine path of truth who maintain that it is lawful to appeal from the judgments of the Roman pontiffs to an ecuмenical council as if this were an authority superior to the Roman pontif. So, then, if anyone says that the Roman pontiff has ... not the full and supreme power of[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]jurisdiction[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] over the whole Church, and this not only in matters of [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]faith and morals[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)], but also in those which concern the [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]discipline and government[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] of the Church dispersed throughout the whole world; or that he has only the principal part, but not the[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]absolute fullness[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)], of this supreme power; or that this power of his is not[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]ordinary and immediate[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]both over all and each of the[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]churches[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]and over all and each of the[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]pastors[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]and[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]faithful[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]: let him be[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)] [/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]anathema[/color][color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87)]."[/color][/i]