Please show where the Church has ever taught that the Holy Ghost protects a Pope from teaching doctrinal or moral errors when he is not defining a doctrine ex cathedra, according to the precise conditions set forth in chapter IV of Pastor Aeternus.
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Great question!
Here is a page with a lot of quotes from previous popes that teach the nature of the obedience owed to the teachings of the popes. To address your question specifically, here is a quote from Leo XIII, from the encyclical Sapientiae Christianae:
In defining the limits of the obedience owed to the pastors of souls, but most of all to the authority of the Roman Pontiff, it must not be supposed that it is only to be yielded in relation to dogmas of which the obstinate denial cannot be disjoined from the crime of heresy.
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Pope Pius XI stated that the
daily teaching of the Church is established by God and brings the truth securely to the minds of men (encyclical
Mortalium Animos). The R&R point of view asserts in effect that the daily teaching of the Novus Ordo Church teaches error, despite being the Catholic Church:
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For the teaching authority of the Church, which in the divine wisdom was constituted on earth in order that revealed doctrines might remain intact for ever, and that they might be brought with ease and security to the knowledge of men, and which is daily exercised through the Roman Pontiff and the Bishops who are in communion with him, has also the office of defining, when it sees fit, any truth with solemn rites and decrees, whenever this is necessary either to oppose the errors or the attacks of heretics, or more clearly and in greater detail to stamp the minds of the faithful with the articles of sacred doctrine which have been explained.
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Pope Pius XII in
Mystic Corporis gave the most direct answer to your question, in which he said that people cannot ignore encyclical letters because they are not the supreme exercise of teaching authority.
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…[T]his sacred Office of Teacher in matters of faith and morals must be the proximate and universal criterion of truth for all theologians, since to it has been entrusted by Christ Our Lord the whole deposit of faith — Sacred Scripture and divine Tradition — to be preserved, guarded and interpreted…. Nor must it be thought that what is expounded in Encyclical Letters does not of itself demand consent, since in writing such Letters the Popes do not exercise the supreme power of their Teaching Authority. For these matters are taught with the ordinary teaching authority, of which it is true to say: “He who heareth you, heareth me” [Lk 10:16]; and generally what is expounded and inculcated in Encyclical Letters already for other reasons appertains to Catholic doctrine.
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From Leo XIII we also get this quote (from the apostolic letter
Epistola Tua) that tells us we cannot set one pope against another, e.g. reject something from "Pope Francis" because it was condemned by a pope of the past:
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t is to give proof of a submission which is far from sincere to set up some kind of opposition between one Pontiff and another. Those who, faced with two differing directives, reject the present one to hold to the past, are not giving proof of obedience to the authority which has the right and duty to guide them; and in some ways they resemble those who, on receiving a condemnation, would wish to appeal to a future council, or to a Pope who is better informed.
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It is quotes like the above that lead sedevacantists to conclude that Paul VI and his successors were not and are not true popes, since they do match the description of the papacy given in these quotes and the other quotes on the page I linked.