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Author Topic: The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.  (Read 3138 times)

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Offline awkwardcustomer

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The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
« on: October 20, 2014, 07:26:52 AM »
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  • For nearly twenty years I have been told by Traditionalists that the Pope is only infallible when he teaches ex Cathedra.  And therefore Catholics are entitled to reject Vatican II because its teachings were not declared as infallible, that is, ex Cathedra.

    This restrictive application of Papal infallibility is justified by pointing to the very last paragraph of the docuмents of the First Vatican Council (Session 4: 18 July 1870, Ch 4, para 9).  This paragraph states -

    Quote

    ...... we teach and define as a divinely revealed dogma that when the Roman Pontiff speaks EX CATHEDRA, that is, when, in the exercise of his office as shepherd and teacher of all Christians, in virtue of his supreme apostolic authority, he defines a doctrine concerning faith or morals to be held by the whole Church, he possesses, by the divine assistance promised to him in blessed Peter, that infallibility which the divine Redeemer willed his Church to enjoy in defining doctrine concerning faith or morals.....


    But according to Vatican I, the Pope is also infallible when he teaches in union with the bishops of the world, that is, through the Ordinary Universal Magisterium of the Church. This less restrictive definition of Papal infallibility can be found by turning to Session 3: 24 April 1870, Chapter 3, para 8, which states -

    Quote

    Wherefore, by divine and catholic faith all those things are to be believed which are contained in the word of God as found in scripture and tradition, and which are proposed by the church as matters to be believed as divinely revealed, whether by her solemn judgment or in her ordinary and universal magisterium.


    Therefore, according to Vatican I, the teachings of the Ordinary Universal Magisterium are 'to be believed as divinely revealed', no less than Solemn pronouncements from the Chair of Peter.

    Can we not conclude from this, at last, that the Ordinary Universal Magisterium of the Church is infallible, in other words, that when the Pope teaches in union with the Bishops of the world, those teachings are infallible, as infallible as a Pope's ex Cathedra teachings?

    And does this not mean that if the Conciliar popes are true popes, then Vatican II is infallible, because they have been teaching Vatican II in union with the bishops of the world for fifty years?

    http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Councils/ecuм20.htm


    Offline Ladislaus

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #1 on: October 20, 2014, 08:48:23 AM »
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  • Notice how you distort the logic of Vatican I.  Not everything taught by the Ordinary Universal Magisterium must be accepted "as divinely revealed".  It's rather that everything that the Ordinary Universal Magisterium teaches as having been divinely revealed must be believed as divinely revealed.

    That's the common sedevacantist distortion, focusing on the form of the teaching, i.e. whether solemn or ordinary universal, and ignoring the OTHER notes of infallibility.  This Ordinary Universal Magisterium must teach something as being binding upon all Catholics for infallibility to be engaged.  Sedevacantists typically distort this into basically having the Pope be a divine oracle who in no capacity can every teach or even say anything.


    Offline awkwardcustomer

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #2 on: October 20, 2014, 09:21:39 AM »
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  • Ladislaus said,
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    Notice how you distort the logic of Vatican I. Not everything taught by the Ordinary Universal Magisterium must be accepted "as divinely revealed". It's rather that everything that the Ordinary Universal Magisterium teaches as having been divinely revealed must be believed as divinely revealed.

    That's the common sedevacantist distortion, focusing on the form of the teaching, i.e. whether solemn or ordinary universal, and ignoring the OTHER notes of infallibility. This Ordinary Universal Magisterium must teach something as being binding upon all Catholics for infallibility to be engaged. Sedevacantists typically distort this into basically having the Pope be a divine oracle who in no capacity can every teach or even say anything.  


    Okay, how does the Ordinary Universal Magisterium differentiate between what must be accepted 'as divinely revealed' and what mustn't? Are you saying that the Pope and the Bishops of the world must state this?  Can you demonstrate this by examples?

    And what are the OTHER notes of infallibility?


    Offline awkwardcustomer

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #3 on: October 20, 2014, 09:41:47 AM »
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  • Ladislaus,

    Is this the kind of thing you mean - an up front statement by Paul VI claiming the authority of the Ordinary Magisterium for Vatican II?

    Quote

    ..... given the pastoral character of the Council, it avoided pronouncing in an extraordinary way dogmas endowed with the note of infallibility; but it nevertheless has its teaching authority of the supreme ordinary magisterium which ordinary magisterium is so obviously authentic, that it must be accepted humbly and sincerely by all the faithful according to the mind of the Council concerning the nature and purpose of each docuмent.

    General Audience, Jan 12, 1966.

    http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/audiences/1966/docuмents/hf_p-vi_aud_19660112_it.html


    Offline Ladislaus

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #4 on: October 20, 2014, 10:10:13 AM »
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  • Quote from: awkwardcustomer
    Okay, how does the Ordinary Universal Magisterium differentiate between what must be accepted 'as divinely revealed' and what mustn't? Are you saying that the Pope and the Bishops of the world must state this?  Can you demonstrate this by examples?


    That can be discerned from the language used.  Theologians discuss this at great length when dealing even with solemn definitions, the kinds of language that would make known the intent to teach infallibly.


    Offline awkwardcustomer

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #5 on: October 20, 2014, 11:17:47 AM »
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  • Ladislaus said,
    Quote

    That can be discerned from the language used.  Theologians discuss this at great length when dealing even with solemn definitions, the kinds of language that would make known the intent to teach infallibly.


    How would it be discerned so that ordinary Catholics, not theologians, could discern it?  

    And surely you must have examples of this to verify your point.

    Oh, and what are the OTHER notes of infallibility?  You haven't answered that.


    Offline Dolores

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #6 on: October 20, 2014, 02:15:16 PM »
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  • I was always taught that the Magisterium was divided into the "Ordinary" and the "Extraordinary."

    The Extraordinary Magisterium includes the infallible teachings of Ecuмenical Councils and the infallible teachings of the Pope when he speaks ex cathedra.  It is referred to as "Extraordinary" because it is not the usual way in which the Church teaches.

    The Ordinary Magisterium includes the infallible "Ordinary and Universal Magistierum," which is when the pope teaches in unison with all of the bishops, and the ordinary teachings of the pope, which are fallible.

    Offline Ladislaus

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #7 on: October 20, 2014, 02:55:26 PM »
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  • Quote from: awkwardcustomer
    Ladislaus said,
    Quote

    That can be discerned from the language used.  Theologians discuss this at great length when dealing even with solemn definitions, the kinds of language that would make known the intent to teach infallibly.


    How would it be discerned so that ordinary Catholics, not theologians, could discern it?  

    And surely you must have examples of this to verify your point.

    Oh, and what are the OTHER notes of infallibility?  You haven't answered that.



    You don't know what these are?  Yet you claim to be instructing everyone about the notion of infallibility?

    OUM is simply a MODE of teaching.  OUM also has to DEFINE a MATTER OF FAITH OR MORALS as something that MUST BE HELD BY ALL THE FAITHFUL.

    There has to be a definition of a matter of faith and morals done in a definitive way which makes it clear that it's essentially dogmatic.  Infallible definitions in pre-Vatican II Magsiterium were inferred by theologians from various key words (there are list of these).  So, for instance, if the Church declares the rejection of a truth (of faith or morals) as rendering someone "anathema", that's one such key word.  Other phrases would include things like "we declare and define that all the faithful must believe [x,y, or z]".

    By your understanding, deriving from the perspective of refusing to take into account these other notes, every word of every encyclical would now become infallible dogmatic teaching.  Long explanatory texts and discourses do not constitute infallible DEFINITIONS.


    Offline Cantarella

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #8 on: October 20, 2014, 10:02:05 PM »
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  • The Infallible Magisterium of the Church is composed by the Universal Ordinary Magisterium and the Extraordinary or Solemn Magisterium. The Extraordinary Magisterium has a double version:  that of the Ecuмenical Councils and that of the Pope alone when he speaks ex cathedra.  

    The entirety of the bishops, including the Bishop of Rome or the Pope who is their head, compose or incorporate the Universal Ordinary Magisterium of the whole Church, which is infallible.  The magisterium consists of every bishop and not of each one of the bishops in isolation or separated from the others.  The Ordinary Magisterium of the Pope alone is not and cannot be the Universal Ordinary Magisterium of the whole Church, which is by definition the magisterium of all the bishops including the Pope himself.

    What is defined as infallible by the Church is not the Ordinary Magisterium of the Pope, but rather the Extraordinary or Solemn Magisterium of the Pope alone (in isolation), when he speaks ex cathedra. And note well, the definition of infallibility says the Pope enjoys the same infallibility as the Church, and not that the Church enjoys the same infallibility as the Pope, as is the ignorant tendency that has become accentuated since the definition of the dogma of Papal infallibility.





    If anyone says that true and natural water is not necessary for baptism and thus twists into some metaphor the words of our Lord Jesus Christ" Unless a man be born again of water and the Holy Spirit" (Jn 3:5) let him be anathema.

    Offline cassini

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #9 on: October 21, 2014, 05:23:16 AM »
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  • For many years I have been pondering on the question of infallibility of the ordinary magisterium. Those now involved in trying to reinstate the DOGMA of a geocentric reading of Scripture (Catholic exegesis and hermeneutics) have had to enter a HISTORY of Catholics DENYING the consequences of the ordinary infallibility.

    We all know what the extraordinary infallibility covers. But as posted, Vatican I clearly states there is an ordinary infallibility. that is, when a pope in his ordinary duty finds he has to define a teaching that must be held in order to prevent falsehoods to the Catholic faith. God knows that even the slightest error can erode faith like 'dry rot in a Cathedral.'

    Pope Paul V in a papal decree defined a heliocentric reading of Scripture as formal heresy. Many dogmas are defined negatively, that is, by way of their contrary being condemned by an official act of definition and declaration. Twice the Church acknowledged that the 1616 decree was non-reversible.

    But as science claimed to have falsified the 1616 decree (which we now know it never did) in order to save the infallibility of the ordinary magisterium, the 1616 decrees infalibility has been denied for the last 400 years.

    Now while men can deny this infallibility, the Church cannot. Thus when defining the 1616 decree in 1820 the Holy Office had to agree it was non-revisable, that is, infallible, the wording used before 1870 for infallibility. Thus in 1870 Vatican I also spelled out the conditions for infallibility that apply to the 1616 decree.

    Now let us take it from 1870. The definition added the following:

    ‘The Roman Pontiffs, moreover, according to the condition of the times and affairs advised, sometimes by calling ecuмenical councils… sometimes by particular synods, sometimes by employing other helps which divine providence supplied, have defined that those matters must be held which with God’s help they have recognised as in agreement with Sacred Scripture and apostolic tradition. For, the Holy Spirit was not promised to the successors of Peter that by His revelation they might disclose new doctrine, but that by His help they might guard sacredly the revelation transmitted through the apostles and the deposit of faith, and might forcefully set it out…’ --- Vatican I (1869-1870) (Denz. 1836.)

    In other words, no pope can dismiss a previous definition in his capacity as teaching in his ordinary infallibility. At Vatican II, every contradiction to a previous pope's definition cannot claim ordinary infallibility.

    For me then, the ORIGINAL definition and teaching has infallible precidence over the mass of contradiction since Vatican II. The only definition of infallibility since Vatican II was John Paul II definition that women cannot be priests.



    Offline simoncarth

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #10 on: October 21, 2014, 05:33:05 AM »
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  • Quote from: Ladislaus
    Quote from: awkwardcustomer
    Ladislaus said,
    Quote

    That can be discerned from the language used.  Theologians discuss this at great length when dealing even with solemn definitions, the kinds of language that would make known the intent to teach infallibly.


    How would it be discerned so that ordinary Catholics, not theologians, could discern it?  

    And surely you must have examples of this to verify your point.

    Oh, and what are the OTHER notes of infallibility?  You haven't answered that.



    You don't know what these are?  Yet you claim to be instructing everyone about the notion of infallibility?

    OUM is simply a MODE of teaching.  OUM also has to DEFINE a MATTER OF FAITH OR MORALS as something that MUST BE HELD BY ALL THE FAITHFUL.

    There has to be a definition of a matter of faith and morals done in a definitive way which makes it clear that it's essentially dogmatic.  Infallible definitions in pre-Vatican II Magsiterium were inferred by theologians from various key words (there are list of these).  So, for instance, if the Church declares the rejection of a truth (of faith or morals) as rendering someone "anathema", that's one such key word.  Other phrases would include things like "we declare and define that all the faithful must believe [x,y, or z]".

    By your understanding, deriving from the perspective of refusing to take into account these other notes, every word of every encyclical would now become infallible dogmatic teaching.  Long explanatory texts and discourses do not constitute infallible DEFINITIONS.



    For the Pope to be infallible, he is not obliged to make a formal pronouncement that he intends to speak ex cathedra.  


    Offline awkwardcustomer

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #11 on: October 21, 2014, 05:45:31 AM »
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  • GJC said,
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    ......Montini signed, sealed and delivered the solemnly promulgated docuмents a month earlier. It is clear he exercised all three conditions for a pope to teach infallibly......


    Agreed. The argument that Montini exercised all necessary conditions for a pope to teach infallibly certainly stands up and has been argued by John Daly here -

    http://www.novusordowatch.org/vatican-ii-infallible.htm

    But the point of this thread was to refute the claim that Vatican I restricted Papal infallibility to only ex Cathedra teachings.  Some Trads have said this to me, although most restrict Papal infallibility to Dogmatic teachings of the Extraordinary Magisterium, that is, to the Pope either teaching ex Cathedra or in union with an Ecuмenical Council.

    The point, really, was to highlight the overlooked infallibility of the Ordinary Universal Magisterium  That the OUM's infallibility has been overlooked is described in the article linked above and quoted here -

    Quote

    By a strange reversal, while the personal infallibility of the pope in a solemn judgment, so long disputed, was definitely placed beyond all controversy [in 1870], it is the Ordinary Magisterium of the Roman Church which seems to have been lost sight of. It is as if the very brilliance of the Vatican I definition had cast into shadow the truth hitherto universally recognised; we might almost say as if the definition of the infallibility of solemn judgments made these henceforth the exclusive method by which the Sovereign Pontiff was to put forward the rule of faith. (…) The theological mark of heresy has to be applied, not only to what contradicts a defined truth, but also to what conflicts with a truth clearly put forward by the Ordinary Magisterium.
    (Dom Paul Nau: The Ordinary Magisterium of the Church Theologically Considered, Solesmes, 1956.)


    Of course not every word that comes from the Pope and the Bishops of the world is infallible.

    Ladislaus said,
    Quote

    By your understanding, deriving from the perspective of refusing to take into account these other notes, every word of every encyclical would now become infallible dogmatic teaching.  Long explanatory texts and discourses do not constitute infallible DEFINITIONS.


    But this is not my understanding.  And the teachings of the OUM do not have to be defined in terms associated with Dogmatic pronouncements of the Extraordinary Magisterium.

    Ladislaus said,
    Quote

    There has to be a definition of a matter of faith and morals done in a definitive way which makes it clear that it's essentially dogmatic.  Infallible definitions in pre-Vatican II Magsiterium were inferred by theologians from various key words (there are list of these).  So, for instance, if the Church declares the rejection of a truth (of faith or morals) as rendering someone "anathema", that's one such key word.  Other phrases would include things like "we declare and define that all the faithful must believe [x,y, or z]".


    That a teaching is taught by the ordinary and universal Magisterium, is usually sufficient in itself to guarantee infallibility.  But if questions do arise as to whether a particular teaching of the OUM is infallible, then the Pope can make a definitive pronouncement, confirming or reaffirming that a particular doctrine is indeed infallibly taught by that Magisterium. This is not the same as an ex Cathedra pronouncement.  


    Offline Stubborn

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #12 on: October 21, 2014, 06:36:10 AM »
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  • Quote from: awkwardcustomer


    That a teaching is taught by the ordinary and universal Magisterium, is usually sufficient in itself to guarantee infallibility.  But if questions do arise as to whether a particular teaching of the OUM is infallible, then the Pope can make a definitive pronouncement, confirming or reaffirming that a particular doctrine is indeed infallibly taught by that Magisterium. This is not the same as an ex Cathedra pronouncement.


    I agree, however, there are conditions which must be met for teachings to be infallible from the OUM - or they are not infallible teachings.

    For one, the teachings must bear the mark of the universal and "constant consent" (taught since the time of the Apostles) of the Church as regards the faith - the NO does not bear this mark.

    To paraphrase +Williamson, he said the teachings of the OUM is like the snow cap on top of the mountain, the mountain being the infallible truth already present.

    There are other conditions that apply as well, such as the teachings must not be a break from or severe traditional infallible teachings in any way, if they do, then those teachings are not infallible.

    But that's not really the point. The point I think is that people actually believe that whatever the pope or OUM teach is automatically infallible because the Holy Ghost will not allow the pope or OUM to promulgate error - but we know that is false because of V2.

     
    "But Peter and the apostles answering, said: We ought to obey God, rather than men." - Acts 5:29

    The Highest Principle in the Church: "We are first of all under obedience to God, and only then under obedience to man" - Fr. Hesse

    Offline Stubborn

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #13 on: October 21, 2014, 07:14:57 AM »
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  • Quote from: GJC
    Quote from: awkwardcustomer
    But the point of this thread was to refute the claim that Vatican I restricted Papal infallibility to only ex Cathedra teachings.  Some Trads have said this to me, although most restrict Papal infallibility to Dogmatic teachings of the Extraordinary Magisterium, that is, to the Pope either teaching ex Cathedra or in union with an Ecuмenical Council.

    The point, really, was to highlight the overlooked infallibility of the Ordinary Universal Magisterium.


    Got it.

    I have always believed that when the Bishops in union with the Pope define doctrine at a general council it represents the LIVING Magisterium and is infallible (Extraordinary is a modern term, please see the Catholic encyclopedia http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15006b.htm)
    and requires full assent of the faith.

    The end of Lumen Gentium:

    Each and all these items which are set forth in this dogmatic Constitution have met with the approval of the Council Fathers. And We by the apostolic power given Us by Christ together with the Venerable Fathers in the Holy Spirit, approve, decree and establish it and command that what has thus been decided in the Council be promulgated for the glory of God.

    Given in Rome at St. Peter's on November 21, 1964.

    If he were the pope everyone would have to consent to this under pain of mortal sin.

    Montini was the son of Satan, not the Vicar of Christ.


    If "an angel from heaven" aka Gal. 1:8 were to lead you into the pit, would you follow him into the pit? - or would you not follow him because he is not an angel of light?

    The same goes with the pope and the OUM.

    Whether pope or not, we are not even permitted to follow *anyone* who is leading us into the pit.

    But to say the pope is not the pope and *that* is the reason not to follow him is using the wrong reasoning altogether, that reasoning is based on a false or perverted understanding of infallibility.

    "But Peter and the apostles answering, said: We ought to obey God, rather than men." - Acts 5:29

    The Highest Principle in the Church: "We are first of all under obedience to God, and only then under obedience to man" - Fr. Hesse

    Offline Ladislaus

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    The Ordinary Universal Magisterium is infallible.
    « Reply #14 on: October 21, 2014, 08:25:49 AM »
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  • Quote from: simoncarth
    For the Pope to be infallible, he is not obliged to make a formal pronouncement that he intends to speak ex cathedra.


    No, but there must be

    1) a DEFINITION

    regarding

    2) a MATTER OF FAITH AND MORALS

    that he makes clear is

    3) BINDING UPON ALL THE FAITHFUL

    You guys have blinders on and completely miss these notes of infallibility.  If a Pope issues a 25-page Encyclical in which he's discoursing on a number of subjects, NOT EVERY WORD of this Encyclical is infallible.