I retract what I wrote above. I also retract my public accusation against Fr. Francois Chazal of opposing the Magisterium of Vatican I and Pope Pius XII with his sedeimpoundist position. I apologize for the confusion I have caused. At the time, I thought that Fr. Chazal held Jorge Bergoglio as a true pope, but that is not the case based on e-mail conversation I had with him. See the link below:
Fr. Chazal on whether Jorge Bergoglio Is a True Pope
The e-mail addresses have been removed.
CK, in your email exchange with Fr. Chazal, I think there is some imprecision in the language used on both sides when considered in the context of
1917 Canon Law. But Fr. Chazal said that his comments were "off the cuff," which I take to mean not precisely worded.
I think Fr. Chazal's position is the same one I have been trying to convey, which is contained in Canons 188.4, 2314, and 2257-67 (and other Canons I'm sure).
A heretic is "
ipso facto excommunicated" (level 1) upon manifesting heresy publicly. And faithful Catholics are required to avoid submission to all heretics in religious matters (including
ipso facto excommunicates who are excommunicated for heresy). There doesn't need to be an official "declaration" (level 2 excommunication) or "condemnation" (level 3 excommunication) for a faithful Catholic to be under the obligation to avoid the public heretic.
The SSPX seems to think that faithful Catholics "cannot judge" a Pope's actions, which in the strict sense of that word ("judge") is true. But the kind of judgment being referred to in the Canon 1556 ("the First See is judge by no one") is in the section "on trials." The "judgement" in a "trial" would happen at the level 2 or level 3 of the excommunication process. There is no "trial" required for a faithful Catholic to recognize an "
ipso facto heretic" as such. The faithful Catholic need only compare the erring proposition of the heretic to perennial Catholic teaching on the matter.
At that point, the fact of the manifestation of heresy is in the external forum and this fact speaks for itself. And that public manifestation is enough for a faithful Catholic to have
moral certainty (i.e., certainty in the world of action) that the heretic in question must be avoided.