But, this is not what he said. The Pope is the Vicar of Christ on earth not the King of England. This is a significant distinction which changes your example to not exactly being Catholic at all. St. Thomas More was, “the King’s good servant, but God’s first.” And we all know that he was a martyr because of this, for being subject to God in His Vicar of Christ on earth, the Pope.
Yes, the pope is not the king of England, the pope is the vicar of Christ on earth, not Christ Himself - Who *is* the head of the Church - which is why we owe our obedience to Him before anyone else. Very simple.
It's the principle involved that is wholly Catholic and it's that principle as Catholics that applies to all aspects each and every day of our lives. I could give a million examples but prefer to hope you already understand it.
It's this simple: God always comes first because we will stand before God, not the pope. We will answer to God not the pope, hence the need to remain God's good subject before anyone else's. It is because God comes first that we do not follow anyone who will not leads us to Him no matter who it is, especially when we know they are leading everyone who chooses to follow them down the path to hell. And remember - those who follow choose to do so of their own free will, they are not forced into it. No matter how you look at it, their obedience to God is misplaced - whether knowingly or unknowingly we cannot say with certainty, but that it is misplaced we can say with certainty.
Because we are obedient to God first, and knowing they are leading the followers to hell, it makes no difference if he's not a pope, actually a pope, or an angel from heaven re: Gal 1:8.