My apologies for the bad quote, I was on my phone! That's an interesting point. I see no reason to deny that some of those infants might be elect and hence receive the grace of regeneration before death in a way and manner known to God alone. For those that do arrive at Limbo, I wonder what the state of their bodies will be at the general resurrection?
Savonarola says “Infants who die without baptism suffer no punishment—neither punishment of sense nor a painful punishment of loss; instead they enjoy natural beatitude, and in their bodies they will obtain incorruption and a certain brightness on the day of the resurrection.” Triumphus Crucis, III.9, ed. Misciattelli (Florence: Barbera, 1930), p. 238.
Also, with regard to this question, Ambrosius Catharinus in De statu parvulorum sine baptismo decedentium, in Opera Omnia, vol. I (Venice: Nicolaus Bevilaqua, 1552), 144 says, "At the resurrection their bodies will be glorious, not with supernatural glory but with the glory of nature; and they will dwell forever in the new earth.”
So there could be three states of bodies, one of the damned, those who possess some kind of natural glory, and those who possess supernaturally glorified bodies. Together with a new earth and new heavens, I wonder what role those who possess natural happiness and perfection will have. It is consoling for me as a father to ponder this as I have many who have died without baptism because of miscarriages.
The word "salvation" means achieving eternal life where there is no pain or punishment. Those in Purgatory are not "saved" while they are still in Purgatory. They are saved AFTER they are delivered from Purgatory to Heaven.
Limbo is different from Heaven and Purgatory. Saved souls don't go to Limbo, of course. Justified souls, those free of "actual sin" but still burdened with "original sin," like babies who die without baptism, go to Limbo. They are not "saved," but neither are they "damned" or "punished." They are not punished because they did not commit "actual sin" themselves.
Aquinas talks about the different abodes of the souls after death quite extensively. But on Cathinfo, most people get into arguments because they think there are only two options: saved/not saved.
Yes, the is no "salvation" outside of the Church. And all souls who have the opportunity to merit salvation should strive to reach it. But not all souls will have that opportunity, like babies who die without baptism. But those unfortunate souls of unbaptized babies do not burn in Hell. And they are not punished in a kind of Purgatory. God has a special place for them. But, again, they are not "saved." Salvation requires merit that comes from acts of free will.
The Dogma of EENS speaks only to the concept of "salvation." It is mainly a warning to heretics and apostates and schismatics not to leave the one true Church because they will not be "saved" if they do.
https://aquinas.cc/la/en/~ST.IIISup.App2.A2Reply Obj. 5: Although unbaptized children are separated from God as regards the union of glory, they are not utterly separated from Him: in fact they are united to Him by their share of natural goods, and so will also be able to rejoice in Him by their natural knowledge and love.
https://aquinas.cc/la/en/~ST.IIISup.Q69.A6I answer that, The limbo of the fathers and the limbo of children, without any doubt, differ as to the quality of punishment or reward. For children have no hope of the blessed life, as the fathers in limbo had, in whom, moreover, shone forth the light of faith and grace. But as regards their situation, there is reason to believe that the place of both is the same; except that the limbo of the fathers is placed higher than the limbo of children, just as we have stated in reference to limbo and hell (A. 5).
https://aquinas.cc/la/en/~ST.IIISup.Q69.A5I answer that, The abodes of souls after death may be distinguished in two ways: either as to their situation, or as to the quality of the places, inasmuch as souls are punished or rewarded in certain places. Accordingly, if we consider the limbo of the fathers and hell in respect of the aforesaid quality of the places, there is no doubt that they are distinct, both because in hell there is sensible punishment, which was not in the limbo of the fathers, and because in hell there is eternal punishment, whereas the saints were detained but temporally in the limbo of the fathers.
On the other hand, if we consider them as to the situation of the place, it is probable that hell and limbo are the same place, or that they are continuous, as it were, yet so that some higher part of hell be called the limbo of the fathers. For those who are in hell receive diverse punishments according to the diversity of their guilt, so that those who are condemned are consigned to darker and deeper parts of hell according as they have been guilty of graver sins. And consequently, the holy fathers in whom there was the least amount of sin were consigned to a higher and less dark part than all those who were condemned to punishment.