I see that we differ with regards to the rule of faith. Notwithstanding, here's what I've always understood as the Magisterium:
The Magisterium is the teaching authority of the Catholic Church. The Magisterium consists of a teaching body, an episcopal body, at the head of which is the supreme authority of the Roman Pontiff.
If this were the case, then the papal quotes in reply #1 of this thread are at least erroneous and certainly not true, whether the chair is currently empty or not. Because the quotes are true, the magisterium has always been, and will forever be immune from error. Which means the magisterium cannot be a teaching body made up of the pope and episcopacy.
Catholic Encyclopedia - Tradition and Living Magisterium
"Although the bishops, taken individually, are not infallible their teaching participates in the infallibility of the Church according as they teach in concert and in union with the episcopal body, that is according as they express not their personal ideas, but the very thought of the Church."
This is actually heresy. What the CE is teaching here is the Lumen Gentium heresy. JP2 dubbed V2 as being the "Second Pentecost," which is heresy.
For us, we know that at Pentecost, at the decent of the Holy Ghost upon Our Blessed Mother and the Apostles, St. Peter and all the Apostles were each made individually infallible whenever and wherever they taught the faith. God did this in order to establish Church on earth and facilitate the beginnings of the Church throughout the entire world.
It is because each of the Apostles were individually infallible that wherever and whatever each of the Apostles taught regarding the faith, dispersed as they were throughout the world, by virtue of the descent of the Holy Ghost at Pentecost, were most certainly and could only be, each-individually-infallible, and on that account,
1) whatever they taught regarding the faith, they would have all taught the exact same thing in unison because they all taught the same divinely protected *truths*, as such,
2) no matter what they taught regarding the faith, they would have all been in agreement with each other and St. Peter - not to mention with all the future popes whenever they speak ex cathedra till the end of time.
*That's* the true infallibility of the Apostles, not their successors. That's how infallibility works, that's how infallibility worked when the Church on earth was in it's infancy. This truth is not based on a unanimity of bishops in union with the pope, it's based on the descent of the Holy Ghost upon each one of the Apostles - individually.
OTOH, the NO's Second Pentecost's idea of infallibility is built upon the idea of collegiality, that at V2 aka the Second Pentecost, that's when they made "the unanimous agreement of the totality of bishops in union with the pope" so as to pass off their modernist teachings being infallible, which as we have seen for the last 60 years, their novel doctrine of "bishops in union with the pope" bs is entirely false, on top of that is an utterly diabolical corruption of Pentecost.
The Extraordinary means of teaching is done through ex cathedra proclamations by the pope, and ecuмenical councils.
I know this all seems simple, but this has always been my basic understanding of the Magisterium, the teaching authority of the Church.
Well, ecuмenical councils without a pope (is there such a thing?) cannot proclaim anything ex cathedra, only popes can, whether in or out of an ecuмenical council.