I agree with your stance, but could you explain the difference between a baptized heretic, and, say, a protestant, when it comes to confession/penance and readmittance to the sacraments? That still isn't clear to me. By the definition of those, such as QvD, who believe that a baptized Catholic turned heretic is no longer Catholic, if they are no longer Catholic, that should put them on the same footing as any other non-Catholic, such as a protestant, muslim, hindu or whatever.
And yet a baptized Catholic can be reconciled with the Church, while the other non-Catholics (protestant, hindu, muslim, etc.) cannot be reconciled. Can you explain the distinction? Thanks! (Perhaps you have explained it already and I missed it).
It all has to do with the faith, specifically, whether or not one has ever had the Catholic faith but no longer does, if so, then he was "once a Catholic."
St. Thomas says that baptism without the faith is of no value, this is why we must both, be baptized and have the faith in order to receive the sacraments because the Church only administers her sacrament to Catholics, in this discussion all those who have never had the Catholic faith are excluded.
To be reconciled, one must necessarily have previously been "conciled," this leaves all those who've never had the Catholic faith out.
I used the army soldier for an example, because "once in the army, always in the army," at least until they discharge him from the army. The difference is the Church never discharges anyone. She is always there nurturing her children and waiting for sinners to repent.
While it is certainly true that we are free to "sever" all ties with our mother, and hate her and become heretical idiots against her, unlike prots, that does not mean that she is not or never was our mother. She was our mother when we had the Catholic faith, she will remain our mother no matter what.
PPXII says:
"22. Actually only those are to be included as members of the Church who have been baptized and profess the true faith, and who have not been so unfortunate as to separate themselves from the unity of the Body, or been excluded by legitimate authority for grave faults committed.....It follows that those are divided in faith or government cannot be living in the unity of such a Body, nor can they be living the life of its one Divine Spirit."The underlined tells us what a Catholic is. Whoever has been baptized and professed the true faith is a Catholic, always will be even if they "separate themselves from the unity of the Body," they will not separate themselves from the Body, they will still be a Catholic *to the Church,* maybe not to you and I, but to the Church they will, even if they do not want to be, even if they convert to Hinduism and tell everyone they are no longer Catholic.....because should they ever choose to repent, the sacrament of penance is there waiting for them.
The rest of PPXII quote tells us that through sin that we can separate ourselves from the unity of the body, not from the Mystical Body - from the *unity* of the Mystical Body. Which is of course what happens when one loses the faith and/or preaches heresies. PPXII goes on to include those excluded from that same unity of the Mystical Body by legitimate authority for grave faults committed.