Onset of reason is a gradual process.
Children aren't irrational animals up till the magic age of 7, when they wake up one morning with a rational nature.
It helps to understand what reason allows us to do -- to make abstractions (and hence, recognize patterns, categories, etc.), to use language, etc.
If a child understand the concept of "chair" -- and how this chair, those chairs, and that chair over there all participate in "chairness" even though they have different accidents (color, shape, texture, etc.) -- that's using one's reason.
I think children rapidly pass up "pets" about age 1 1/2 or so -- I noticed that, having kids of my own. Under a certain age, there is little difference between a pet cat, dog, or human. They all cuddle, are incredibly needy, can't communicate, and lack reason.
There are also stories about children in Purgatory (and even Hell) -- so you don't have to be an adult to have enough use of reason to commit sin. Of course, God judges based on one's heart, so we can't really judge how culpable a given person is.
Matthew