On page 74 of +ABL's book "Open Letter to Confused Catholics"., it reads:
"The doctrine of the Church also recognizes implicit baptism of desire. This consists in doing the will of God. God knows all men and He knows amongst Protestants, Muslim, Buddhists and in the whole of humanity there are men of good will. They receive the grace of baptism without knowing it, but in an effective way. In this they become part of the Church".
(Warning, this turned out pretty rambling as I talked myself through it.)
This quote shocks me but I checked and it's really there. I can't deny that implicit Baptism of Desire seems pretty sketchy to me at first glance.
I am beginning to understand why I was lost trying to follow the last post. I thought it was about Feeneyism. But this isn't a purely Feeneyite problem at all. It's a problem among people who believe in Baptism of Desire (there are two kinds, newsflash, I had only ever heard of explicit) but Feeneyism can't help getting dragged into it.
I have always firmly believed that God gives each person enough grace to save their souls.
The majority of non-Catholics have heard of the Catholic Church but for various and sundry reasons don't look into it seriously, choose not to join etc... They make their choices.
Of the minority who have not heard or had no chance to learn, can they be saved by implicit baptism of desire -- in other words had they known the Church they would have joined and are saved based on this disposition -- or does God always present those properly disposed with the opportunity for explicit baptism of desire/water even if it's in a miraculous way.
Is that the bottom line argument?
I thought people of invincible ignorance went to Limbo. Now I realize if that's the default, then that means they did not receive enough graces to save their souls. The whole point of the good-willed invincibly ignorant person is that they would have corresponded to grace had they known, so if they didn't correspond, they didn't know and didn't receive.
I don't know if I can ever believe God doesn't give each person enough grace to save their souls. It isn't just about heaven, it's also about hell. I have to believe every person who is there ultimately chose to be there. You cannot accidentally go to hell. That brings me back to the idea that each person (who reached the age of reason) has a choice. Going to Limbo implies they did not have a choice, which means they did not receive enough grace to save or lose their souls. I don't know how I went so long believing good-willed pagans go to Limbo without realizing this contradiction.
So now the question is do they save their souls through implicit baptism of desire or does Providence always send a way for them to have at least explicit baptism of desire, if not water baptism.
But at that point they are no longer invincibly ignorant, so it's back to square one and there is no such thing as a good-willed pagan saving their souls.
I see how implicit baptism of desire seems to diminish Providence. I personally have no problem believing God gives the odd, exceptional, good-willed pagan the grace to be a
former good-willed pagan through miraculous interventions. But by the time I get to that point, why stop at explicit baptism of desire. Why wouldn't God just as easily provide a miraculous water baptism?
I feel like I either have to believe in implicit baptism of desire OR I am a Feeneyite. There isn't much in between that makes sense.
I don't know what to do with the other category of people, those who die before the age of reason or the unbaptized handicapped people. They seem deprived of choice but are they? Is it possible that God gives each a moment of enlightenment and will at the time of death, like the Holy Innocents? If this is the case then I stand firmly in the camp of implicit baptism of desire. If not, then I am a little at a loss. If we allow that they do not have a choice* and go to Limbo by default then I don't see how we can't allow for the invincibly ignorant, good-willed pagan to go to Limbo by default as well. Then the idea that he can save his soul by implicit baptism of desire is out the window and I'm back to Feeneyism.
Other than trusting God's perfect justice and mercy 100%, I don't know what to think. It's seems like deep down it depends on whether you believe a) God gives to each enough grace to save or damn their souls, or, b) God gives some enough grace to either save or damn their souls and to others He gives just enough not to damn themselves but not enough to save themselves. Where you stand on that is going to dictate where you stand on implicit baptism of desire.
I see where Sean's comment on God's justice came in. If you believe it's just for God to allow some to save or damn themselves while others default to Limbo, then Feeneyism works. If you think it's just for God to give each and every soul an opportunity for heaven or hell, then you will believe in implicit baptism of desire.
*this can be seen as a mercy because perhaps they would have ended up worse otherwise. Why God would give this mercy to some and not to all who would otherwise damn themselves, I don't know but again would leave in trust to God.