I'm a little perplexed. Despite the fact that many have accused me of heresy for saying "no" to this question, no one seems brave enough to come forward and say "yes". Why is that?
God, only God, and God alone is the Judge. HE and HE alone chooses whom HE will save. It is not a human’s place to say if a particular person can be saved, or not. That judgment is left to God alone.
The Church teaches, and Her faithful believe, that The Catholic Church is the One True Church founded by God through His Divine Son, and that it contains the One True Faith by which one can be saved. This is in deed our belief and understanding. We also believe that our understanding is limited, not incorrect, but limited, as St. Paul teaches us several times in the Epistles (I apologize that I do not have time to look up specific references at the moment).
Those who have been given the grace to have been born into and baptized in the Catholic Church and raised in the True Faith, and those who have found the True Faith through conversion and baptism later in life, know well their responsibilities. If they ignore the opportunities given to live a life in sanctifying grace they do so to their eternal peril (yet still, it is God who will ultimately judge their condition).
Those in the Catholic Church also, I believe, have the responsibility to help others encounter the One True Faith and to find their way into it, to the extent that God provides opportunity and grace in their particular circuмstance. This responsibility is explicit in Scripture and in the teachings of the Church. Especially in these present times, though it is a phenomena that has always existed across history, the faithful must be vigilant against an attitude of indifference and must always be open to those opportunities that God may present to help bring someone into the True Church. The Church as a visible entity (Rome, diocese, parish, chapel, institute, society, order, etc.) also must, always in charity, boldly evangelize the world.
With this all said, at the end it is still God, only God, and God alone Who is the Judge. When humans (with our limited understanding) start declaring “who can go to heaven and who can’t” it seems a bit impertinent, perhaps even blasphemous. I certainly have a LOT of improvement to make in this department myself, but I’m thinking if we spent more time, effort, and prayer in our own spiritual life AND in being a good example to those immediately around us who need to find the True Faith, rather than being “dogmatic” about the eternal fate of stillborns, devote Jews, faithful Presbyterians, or un-churched aborigines, The Church might actually start having an impact on the world.
In the Gospel of St. Matthew Chapter 25, verses 31 -36 there is an explicit description of the Judgment. This is the appointed Gospel for the Monday after the First Sunday of Lent in the Roman Missal. I personally know non Catholics who fit Our Lord’s criteria here better than many Catholics, myself included. I am not saying that this is the only criteria, or that someone can go to heaven just because they are a seemingly good person, though outside the Church. Nor is it my place to say that even though a person fits the criteria given by Our Lord they will go to hell because they were outside the Church at the time of death (by our limited human understanding of that). Likewise it is not my place to be indifferent and to not do whatever I might to help someone come into the Church.
So, back to the “?” a few paragraphs later, I think it is the wrong question to ask. The Church Militant knows what their role and responsibilities are. We should focus on that and leave the judgment of each individual soul to God (with much prayer on our part) as that is HIS sole prerogative.