Here's what you don't get - the Church allows theologians to speculate on topics until She speaks definitively on them. So, up until 1441, the Church allowed discussions, theories and debate on areas of BOD. However, in 1441, the Church's ex cathedra, infallible, doctrinal statement at the Council of Florence (see below) is THE END to many of the BOD discussions (Note, I did not say it is the end to "all" BOD discussions. There are still some questions that need to be explained more thoroughly, like what happens to a non-baptised, but justified catholic-studying-catechumen. We do not know this answer, doctrinally. That's why we are free to debate it).
Pope Eugene IV, Council of Florence, “Cantate Domino,” 1441, ex cathedra:
“The Holy Roman Church firmly believes, professes and preaches that all those who are outside the Catholic Church, not only pagans but also Jews or heretics and schismatics, cannot share in eternal life and will go into the everlasting fire which was prepared for the devil and his angels, unless they are joined to the Church before the end of their lives;...and that nobody can be saved, no matter how much he has given away in alms and even if he has shed blood in the name of Christ, unless he has persevered in the bosom and unity of the Catholic Church.”
Any theologian's opinion before 1441 which contradicts the Council of Florence is to be ignored. It's wrong. The Church has spoken! And any theologian, especially the saints, who wants to be in good standing with the Church, always says that their opinions are subject to Rome's authority, and they will recant such opinions if Rome ever declares a doctrine which is in disagreement with theirs. Remember, saints and theologians are not infallible.