Brownson may have been "debating american clerics against BOD," but if so, it was in the form of its perversions. He had a solid grasp of the issues regarding BOD and the necessity of the sacraments and the Church for salvation, and has one of the most precise and accurate comments on it I've ever read:
Bellarmine rejected the notion of BoD to anyone other than catechumens. Is that what you believe about BoD?
Some argue that Bellarmine was excessively zealous in his theology that the Church is a visible society, and the only reason he allows admittance to the Church for catechumens is because in their formal status they are visibly connected with the Church. Cf. Rahner's comments along the same lines about the Church Fathers.
Of course, this causes a problem for Bellarmine's own ecclesiology where he clearly stated that the Sacrament of Baptism (participating in the Church's Sacraments) is one of the criteria for membership in this visible society.
Bellarmine never explained the contradiction. Others have speculated that one could be imperfectly united to the Church by meeting SOME of the criteria for visible membership, but the way Bellarmine explained it, one was excluded from the visible society if any ONE of his criteria were not met. So there's a lingering unexplained contradiction in Bellarmine.
And the key to the contradiction can be found in Bellarmine's dealing with the catechumen problem. His main justification for this exception (contradictory to his own criteria) was that "it would seem too harsh" to say otherwise. Unfortunately, even the Doctors occasionally succuмb to emotion-driven theology.
In any case, since you promote Bellarmine, do you limit BoD to formal catechumens as he did?