Jehanne said:However, pagans, even those who are completely inculpable of hearing the Gospel, will be damned on account of original sin.
I have joined the dark side, so here goes --
Theology has moved on past St. Thomas, just as St. Thomas moved on past St. Augustine. This doesn't mean there are new revelations, but what was already revealed with the Apostles has been more fully explained.
Trying to "go back to Augustine" is a recipe for heresy, as was already seen with the Jansenists and the Protestants. Take it from someone who went down that route for a while ( wink ).
Theology doesn't add anything, it doesn't change, but it does become MORE CLEAR. Recall that no one was going around teaching "original sin" until Augustine, he came up with that term, but at the same time, proof of it is clearly in the Gospels. It just took God, using Augustine, to shed more light on it, centuries after the Apostles.
Tread carefully, since a Pope, Pius IX, has spoken of invincible ignorance in an encyclical, and by now it very well may be part of the Ordinary and Universal Magisterium. Very, very few theologians of the last two hundred years would have denied that it is possible for God to save someone with an IMPLICIT FAITH, despite invincible ignorance.
Apart from that, we can have our opinions. My opinion is that very, very few will be saved who have never heard the Gospel, it would be an extraordinary grace. I mean very, very, VERY few.
The last Doctor of the Church is St. Alphonsus, in my opinion, he is the one who must be our guide in this hazy, confusing jumbled modern world. I have prayed to him to help me avoid scruples and I believe he has been most effective.