Modernism is a condemned heresy. Holding even one modernist proposition ipso facto leads to excommunication. There is a decree of St Pius X saying so.
Heresy is not a. more or less severe infection, it is a severe crime.
We need to remember the distinction here, though. If you hold to a condemned position with pertinacity, even after being properly corrected and given the knowledge that it
is heresy, only
then you would be subject to an
ipso facto excommunication.
What Lad was addressing, paraphrasing +Williamson, is that many Catholics today hold to material heresies, such as Modernist ideas, out of ignorance. It is not that one is holding these ideas pertinaciously, but that many don't realize that they are in fact condemned propositions or errors. One could argue this is the case with someone like Fr. Robinson because he may be holding these Modernistic errors without realizing they are such in the first place, especially since his superiors in the neo-SSPX are affirming his positions.