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Author Topic: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus  (Read 7658 times)

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Offline trad123

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Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
« on: February 19, 2021, 01:00:45 PM »
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  • From page 9 of the PDF, at this URL

    http://www.traditionalmass.org/articles/article.php?id=27



    Theologian or CanonistPage in Dossier        Theol. Category Bapt. of Desire             Theol. Category Bapt. of Blood
    1. Abarzuza2de fide, theol. certtheol. cert.
    2. Aertnys7de fideteaches
    3. Billot10-20teachesteaches
    4. Cappello23teachescertain
    5. Coronata28de fideteaches
    6. Davis32teachesteaches
    7. Herrmann35de fidepertains to faith
    8. Hervé38theol. cert.theol. cert. at least
    9. Hurter44teachesteaches
    10. Iorio47teachesteaches
    11. Lennerz49-59teachesteaches
    12. Ligouri61-62de fideteaches
    13. McAuliffe67cath. doctrinecomm. cert. teaching
    14. Merkelbach71certaincertain
    15. Noldin74teachesteaches
    16. Ott77fidei proximafidei proxima
    17. Pohle81cath. doctrinecert. doctrine
    18. Prümmer89de fideconstant doctrine
    19. Regatillo.91, 96de fideteaches
    20. Sabetti98teachesteaches
    21. Sola102fidei proximatheol. certain
    22. Tanquerey107,111certaincertain
    23. Zalba114teachesteaches
    24. Zubizarreta118teachesteaches
    25. Bellarmine120teachesteaches
     
     Résumé of Theological Categories               
     
     Bapt. of Desire
     
     Bapt. of Blood
    Common teaching of the doctrines25 (all)25 (all)
    Theologically certain, certain38
    Catholic doctrine, constant21
    fidei proxima, pertains to faith22
    de fide (of the faith)70



    2 Corinthians 4:3-4 

    And if our gospel be also hid, it is hid to them that are lost, In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of unbelievers, that the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God, should not shine unto them.


    Offline trad123

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #1 on: February 19, 2021, 01:00:54 PM »
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  • 1. Francisco Javier de Abárzuza (20th century)
    2. Joseph Aertnys (1828-1915)
    3. Louis Billot (1846-1931)
    4. Felix Maria Cappello (1879-1962)
    5. Matthaeus Conte a Coronata (1889-1961)
    6. Henry Davis (1866-1952)
    7. R. P. J. Herrmann (18th - 19th century)
    8. Jean Marie Hervé (1881-1958)
    9. Hugo von Hurter (1832-1914)
    10. Thomas A. Iorio (20th century)
    11. Heinrich Lennerz (1880–1961)
    12. Alphonsus De Liguori (1696–1787)
    13. Clarence R. McAuliffe (20th century)
    14. Benoit Henri Merkelbach (1871-1942)
    15. Hieronymus Noldin (1838-1922)
    16. Ludwig Ott (1906-1985)
    17. Joseph Pohle (1852-1922)
    18. Dominic M. Prummer (20th century)
    19. Eduardo Fernández Regatillo (1882-1975)
    20. Luigi Sabetti (1839-1898)
    21. Francisco Marín-Sola (1897-1932)
    22. Adolphe Alfred Tanquerey (1854-1932)
    23. Antonio María Arregui-Zalba (1863-1942)
    24. Valentín Zubizarreta (1862-1948)
    25. Robert Bellarmine (1542-1621)
    2 Corinthians 4:3-4 

    And if our gospel be also hid, it is hid to them that are lost, In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of unbelievers, that the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God, should not shine unto them.


    Offline trad123

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #2 on: February 19, 2021, 01:01:14 PM »
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  • All theologians cited were born after the Council of Trent.
    2 Corinthians 4:3-4 

    And if our gospel be also hid, it is hid to them that are lost, In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of unbelievers, that the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God, should not shine unto them.

    Offline trad123

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #3 on: February 19, 2021, 01:05:14 PM »
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  • https://www.cathinfo.com/baptism-of-desire-and-feeneyism/baptism-of-desire-de-fide/


    Quote
    Mr. Don Paolo, Ambrose, and Lover of Truth have all claimed that Baptism of Desire is de fide, i.e. Catholic dogma and have accordingly accused "Feeneyites" of "heresy".

    But in Father Cekada's infamous screed about Baptism of Desire, he lists 25 Pre-Vatican II theologians; only SEVEN of the TWENTY-FIVE, fewer than one third, qualify Baptism of Desire with the theological note of de fide, with the rest, the vast majority, qualifying it with a theological note of something less than de fide.  Very interestingly, ZERO of the 25 qualify Baptism of Blood as de fide even though you can find more Patristic evidence for BoB than for BoD.

    In the final analysis, it's not de fide that BoD is de fide, so the accusations of heresy on the part of "Feeneyites" is nothing but a minority theological opinion adhered to by Mr. Don Paolo, Ambrose, and Lover of Truth.  If they were truthly faithful to Catholic authority, then they would drop the heresy allegation against "Feeneyites".

    Even Fr. Cekada cannot conclude by claiming that those who reject Baptism of Desire are heretics, just that they commit a grave sin against the faith (two different things).  So those like DP, Ambrose, and LoT who claim that those who reject BoD are heretics (i.e. non-Catholics) are actually schismatic for considering outside the Church those whom the Church does not consider to be outside the Church.


    https://www.cathinfo.com/baptism-of-desire-and-feeneyism/baptism-of-desire-de-fide/msg413328/#msg413328



    Quote
    Here's another point regarding the simplistic approach to the Magisterium taken by Ambrose, LoT, and many sedevacantists.

    For about, oh, say, 1500-1600 years at least, it was universally taught and believed, without dissent, that explicit belief in the Holy Trinity and Incarnation were necessary for salvation.  Therefore, according to Ambrose, LoT, et al. this would have rendered that belief a dogma.  Yet the same Ambrose and LoT claim that the relatively-recent innovation by modern theologians in that regard is now acceptable when they should, based on their own principles, have denounced it as heresy out of the gate.

    2 Corinthians 4:3-4 

    And if our gospel be also hid, it is hid to them that are lost, In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of unbelievers, that the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God, should not shine unto them.

    Offline 2Vermont

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #4 on: February 19, 2021, 06:14:18 PM »
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  • Thank you for bringing this to the forum's attention again.  I did not know that Fr Cekada (RIP) had written an article on the topic.  I think the final tally of the theologians is very interesting.  
    For there shall arise false Christs and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders, insomuch as to deceive (if possible) even the elect. (Matthew 24:24)


    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #5 on: February 19, 2021, 06:26:25 PM »
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  • Right, presumably if these post-Tridentine theoligians had believed BoD was taught or defined by Trent, they would ALL hold it to be de fide.  Consequently, there's disagreement here about whether Trent taught it.  Alternatively, some of them might hold that, "yeah, Trent mentioned it, but it didn't really define it or propose it for belief, mentioning the notion merely in passing."

    So, despite the fact that some proponents of BoD claim that it's defined dogma, that is the minority opinion among theologians.

    Father Cekada was trying to argue that Catholics MUST accept it under pain of grave sin, but he didn't notice that he was also at the same time demonstrating that it was a minority opinion that this was defined by the Church.

    Offline 2Vermont

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #6 on: February 19, 2021, 06:32:40 PM »
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  • Right, presumably if these post-Tridentine theoligians had believed BoD was taught or defined by Trent, they would ALL hold it to be de fide.  Consequently, there's disagreement here about whether Trent taught it.  Alternatively, some of them might hold that, "yeah, Trent mentioned it, but it didn't really define it or propose it for belief, mentioning the notion merely in passing."

    So, despite the fact that some proponents of BoD claim that it's defined dogma, that is the minority opinion among theologians.

    Father Cekada was trying to argue that Catholics MUST accept it under pain of grave sin, but he didn't notice that he was also at the same time demonstrating that it was a minority opinion that this was defined by the Church.
    To be fair then, wouldn't it also be wrong for the non-BODers to claim that BODers are heretics?  It seems to me what we have here is another unsettled issue in the Church.  Yet another reason why a true pope is needed.  Personally, I have never liked the wishy-washiness of BOD.  Practically speaking one can never know whether someone is saved or not (assuming no mortal sin at the time of death).  This is why, when I pray for my mom, I specifically ask God to have her ask for baptism.
    For there shall arise false Christs and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders, insomuch as to deceive (if possible) even the elect. (Matthew 24:24)

    Offline ByzCat3000

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #7 on: February 19, 2021, 06:47:27 PM »
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  • Right, presumably if these post-Tridentine theoligians had believed BoD was taught or defined by Trent, they would ALL hold it to be de fide.  Consequently, there's disagreement here about whether Trent taught it.  Alternatively, some of them might hold that, "yeah, Trent mentioned it, but it didn't really define it or propose it for belief, mentioning the notion merely in passing."

    So, despite the fact that some proponents of BoD claim that it's defined dogma, that is the minority opinion among theologians.

    Father Cekada was trying to argue that Catholics MUST accept it under pain of grave sin, but he didn't notice that he was also at the same time demonstrating that it was a minority opinion that this was defined by the Church.
    I'm gonna guess that *some* of the theologians thought Trent clearly defined it though, which is probably why BOD has some de fide cannonists while BOB doesn't.


    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #8 on: February 19, 2021, 06:49:58 PM »
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  • I'm gonna guess that *some* of the theologians thought Trent clearly defined it though, which is probably why BOD has some de fide cannonists while BOB doesn't.

    That's precisely my guess also.  Some but not all theologians felt that Trent defined it.  I bet of these 25 theologians, only about 10 of them do more than mention it in passing, simply taking it for granted that BoD is there in Trent.

    One of the arguments I've heard against my intepretation of Trent is that well, all the theologians hold that Trent taught it.  It would appear not, based on this.

    Offline Mirari Vos

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #9 on: February 19, 2021, 07:02:05 PM »
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  • Right, presumably if these post-Tridentine theoligians had believed BoD was taught or defined by Trent, they would ALL hold it to be de fide.  Consequently, there's disagreement here about whether Trent taught it.  Alternatively, some of them might hold that, "yeah, Trent mentioned it, but it didn't really define it or propose it for belief, mentioning the notion merely in passing."

    So, despite the fact that some proponents of BoD claim that it's defined dogma, that is the minority opinion among theologians.

    Father Cekada was trying to argue that Catholics MUST accept it under pain of grave sin, but he didn't notice that he was also at the same time demonstrating that it was a minority opinion that this was defined by the Church.


    On the other hand, not a single theologian, post Trent, holds Father Feeney’s position. Subsequently, Father Cekada was right, since, according to you, he said ‘you must accept it under gave sin’ and not heresy. Now, you must admit that the unanimous opinion, post Trent, is that the Church, at the very least, teaches it and since the Church teaches it, we are bound to believe it by our duty of obedience to the Church. Please show me if you think this is incorrect.

    Offline ByzCat3000

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #10 on: February 19, 2021, 07:16:00 PM »
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  • That's precisely my guess also.  Some but not all theologians felt that Trent defined it.  I bet of these 25 theologians, only about 10 of them do more than mention it in passing, simply taking it for granted that BoD is there in Trent.

    One of the arguments I've heard against my intepretation of Trent is that well, all the theologians hold that Trent taught it.  It would appear not, based on this.
    I'm definitely not a theologian, and I haven't been to seminary, so I could just be wrong/dumb, but I kinda agree with you on Trent (even though I believe in BoD) for the same reason I *disagree* with sedes on the whole "if anyone says the vestments and ceremonies of the Church are incentives to impiety" thing.

    Here's the thing, from my perspective.  Councils are called to address *specific* issues that are troubling The Church.  Trent was predominately convened to deal with Protestantism.  Protestants (at least some of them) were saying *faith alone* was sufficient to save.  So the Council is saying no, you've got to have baptism, or you've *at least* got to have the desire/intent to go for baptism.  So I don't think its intending to anathematize people who don't believe in BoD, its just saying you have to *at least* desire baptism (ie. its not faith alone, in the Protestant sense.)  So neither "Feeneyites" or not are being anathematized, Prots are.

    In the same way, when I say "whoever says the vestments, ceremonies, etc. are incentives to impiety", I'm, again, seeing thata as an anathema on Protestants who think the *Tridentine* mass or *any* mass is an incentive to impiety.  They think worship is supposed to be "simple" with no liturgy, but instead centered around some Protestant preacher preaching a sermon and maybe symbolic bread and wine.  There are plenty of Calvinists and Anabaptists who think like this "liturgical garments and ceremonies bad."  I *don't think* the intent of Trent was to rule out the idea that infiltrators could screw with the mass and promulgate a bad, Protestantized mass through large segments of the Church for a few decades, regardless of whether such people think the infiltrators are *bad* popes *or* non popes.  I don't see how either is what Trent had in mind.  Trent had Protestants in mind who were against the mass and liturgical garments en toto.

    Do you see what I'm saying here?  Lemme know if that makes sense and then lemme know where you think I'm off base.


    Offline forlorn

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #11 on: February 19, 2021, 07:42:03 PM »
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  • I'm definitely not a theologian, and I haven't been to seminary, so I could just be wrong/dumb, but I kinda agree with you on Trent (even though I believe in BoD) for the same reason I *disagree* with sedes on the whole "if anyone says the vestments and ceremonies of the Church are incentives to impiety" thing.

    Here's the thing, from my perspective.  Councils are called to address *specific* issues that are troubling The Church.  Trent was predominately convened to deal with Protestantism.  Protestants (at least some of them) were saying *faith alone* was sufficient to save.  So the Council is saying no, you've got to have baptism, or you've *at least* got to have the desire/intent to go for baptism.  So I don't think its intending to anathematize people who don't believe in BoD, its just saying you have to *at least* desire baptism (ie. its not faith alone, in the Protestant sense.)  So neither "Feeneyites" or not are being anathematized, Prots are.

    In the same way, when I say "whoever says the vestments, ceremonies, etc. are incentives to impiety", I'm, again, seeing thata as an anathema on Protestants who think the *Tridentine* mass or *any* mass is an incentive to impiety.  They think worship is supposed to be "simple" with no liturgy, but instead centered around some Protestant preacher preaching a sermon and maybe symbolic bread and wine.  There are plenty of Calvinists and Anabaptists who think like this "liturgical garments and ceremonies bad."  I *don't think* the intent of Trent was to rule out the idea that infiltrators could screw with the mass and promulgate a bad, Protestantized mass through large segments of the Church for a few decades, regardless of whether such people think the infiltrators are *bad* popes *or* non popes.  I don't see how either is what Trent had in mind.  Trent had Protestants in mind who were against the mass and liturgical garments en toto.

    Do you see what I'm saying here?  Lemme know if that makes sense and then lemme know where you think I'm off base.
    Seems a bit iffy. Dogma is what it says on the tin. Sure the context is helpful for understanding what exactly they meant, but you can't use context to make it say something it doesn't either. For example, just because I said "2+2=4" in opposition to people asserting it equalled 3, that doesn't mean you can turn around and say I just said it to condemn the 2+2=3'ers and not necessarily the 2+2=5'ers who came about centuries after my statement. Now, I get that the examples you cited aren't as clear cut as my absurd scenario, of course, but the funny business in the example I gave is exactly the kind of stuff you see modernists try to do with dogma. And it's a slippery slope starting from where you're standing and ending with full-on Vatican 2 "dogma evolves" nonsense.

    When Trent says the ceremonies of the Church can't incentivise impiety, it means exactly that. It doesn't refer to any explicit kind of impiety, or to a teaching that all ceremonies are impious, etc. It means what it says: anyone who teaches that the ceremonies of the Church incentivise impiety is condemned. Just because they were making the statement in response to a very specific teaching doesn't mean the dogma refers to only that narrow slice; if the dogma speaks broadly, it teaches broadly.

    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #12 on: February 19, 2021, 07:50:52 PM »
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  • I'm definitely not a theologian, and I haven't been to seminary, so I could just be wrong/dumb, but I kinda agree with you on Trent (even though I believe in BoD) for the same reason I *disagree* with sedes on the whole "if anyone says the vestments and ceremonies of the Church are incentives to impiety" thing.

    Here's the thing, from my perspective.  Councils are called to address *specific* issues that are troubling The Church.  Trent was predominately convened to deal with Protestantism.  Protestants (at least some of them) were saying *faith alone* was sufficient to save.  So the Council is saying no, you've got to have baptism, or you've *at least* got to have the desire/intent to go for baptism.  So I don't think its intending to anathematize people who don't believe in BoD, its just saying you have to *at least* desire baptism (ie. its not faith alone, in the Protestant sense.)  So neither "Feeneyites" or not are being anathematized, Prots are.

    In the same way, when I say "whoever says the vestments, ceremonies, etc. are incentives to impiety", I'm, again, seeing thata as an anathema on Protestants who think the *Tridentine* mass or *any* mass is an incentive to impiety.  They think worship is supposed to be "simple" with no liturgy, but instead centered around some Protestant preacher preaching a sermon and maybe symbolic bread and wine.  There are plenty of Calvinists and Anabaptists who think like this "liturgical garments and ceremonies bad."  I *don't think* the intent of Trent was to rule out the idea that infiltrators could screw with the mass and promulgate a bad, Protestantized mass through large segments of the Church for a few decades, regardless of whether such people think the infiltrators are *bad* popes *or* non popes.  I don't see how either is what Trent had in mind.  Trent had Protestants in mind who were against the mass and liturgical garments en toto.

    Do you see what I'm saying here?  Lemme know if that makes sense and then lemme know where you think I'm off base.

    Absolutely, and I think you're right on target.  Trent was teaching against the Protestant errors that faith alone is necessary for salvation and that the Sacraments are not necessary.  In this interpretation, it's saying effectively "if you think that the Sacraments are not necessary at least through desire, then you're a heretic."  In other words, it's saying nothing more than that the MINIMUM you can believe without heresy is that the Sacraments are necessary at least in desire.

    Let's say that Trent had taken up the Immaculate Conception and taught if you don't say that Our Lady was free from Original Sin at least from her quickening in the womb, you're a heretic.  Does that necessarily intend to exclude going back to her Conception?  Of course not.  It's defining an acceptable RANGE of belief, with the lower limit being at least from her quickening.  One might say that same thing about this passage in Trent.

    If Trent had intended to define BoD, it would have clearly described what it is that must be believed about it, and you wouldn't have about a dozen different notions of BoD floating around.

    Also, not every word of the expository texts of a Council are meant to define or propose things for belief.  I think some people imagine that every word of Trent was inspired like Holy Scripture was.  That's precisely why Trent distilled into CANONS all the items that it intended to define.  BoD is not in there.

    You can turn this over a half dozen ways, but there's just no DEFINITION of any kind here in Trent.  St. Alphonsus was just wrong here.  He was also wrong in saying that one letter from Innocent II makes it dogma.  Innocent II was writing a letter to some unknown individual but not addressing the entire Church.  There was no language in there to suggest that he was teaching something definitively vs. proposing his own personal opinion.  In a similar letter, Innocent III clearly taught the error that transubstantiation would occur even if the priest merely thought the words of consecration.  St. Thomas excoriated him for that.  There's also a letter which says that BoD allows the soul to "rush immediately without delay to [its] heavenly reward" ... contradicting a position held by St. Alphonsus.

    Offline Ladislaus

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #13 on: February 19, 2021, 07:57:31 PM »
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  • Seems a bit iffy. Dogma is what it says on the tin. Sure the context is helpful for understanding what exactly they meant, but you can't use context to make it say something it doesn't either. For example, just because I said "2+2=4" in opposition to people asserting it equalled 3, that doesn't mean you can turn around and say I just said it to condemn the 2+2=3'ers and not necessarily the 2+2=5'ers who came about centuries after my statement. Now, I get that the examples you cited aren't as clear cut as my absurd scenario, of course, but the funny business in the example I gave is exactly the kind of stuff you see modernists try to do with dogma. And it's a slippery slope starting from where you're standing and ending with full-on Vatican 2 "dogma evolves" nonsense.

    When Trent says the ceremonies of the Church can't incentivise impiety, it means exactly that. It doesn't refer to any explicit kind of impiety, or to a teaching that all ceremonies are impious, etc. It means what it says: anyone who teaches that the ceremonies of the Church incentivise impiety is condemned. Just because they were making the statement in response to a very specific teaching doesn't mean the dogma refers to only that narrow slice; if the dogma speaks broadly, it teaches broadly.

    I believe that his interpretation of the ceremonies is on target also.  It would be as if Trent had re-condemned iconoclasm.  "If anyone says that images are incentives to impiety, let them be anathema."  Now, if some rogue priest later introduced an image in a Church which depicted, say, Mary Magdalene engaged in some of her pre-conversion activity, someone would not fall under the anathema if he called out that PARTICULAR image for being an incentive to impiety.  If some priest at a parish whipped out some vestments with rainbow flag colors, would you be anathematized for objecting to that?

    Now, on the other hand, I do think that if we were talking about the ceremonies PROMULGATED by the Church for official use, you would at least tangentially fall under this anathema.

    But I see the point ByzCat is making and I think he's not off target.

    Offline ByzCat3000

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    Re: Baptism of Desire not defined dogma, per theological consensus
    « Reply #14 on: February 19, 2021, 08:04:11 PM »
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  • I believe that his interpretation of the ceremonies is on target also.  It would be as if Trent had re-condemned iconoclasm.  "If anyone says that images are incentives to impiety, let them be anathema."  Now, if some rogue priest later introduced an image in a Church which depicted, say, Mary Magdalene engaged in some of her pre-conversion activity, someone would not fall under the anathema if he called out that PARTICULAR image for being an incentive to impiety.  If some priest at a parish whipped out some vestments with rainbow flag colors, would you be anathematized for objecting to that?

    Now, on the other hand, I do think that if we were talking about the ceremonies PROMULGATED by the Church for official use, you would at least tangentially fall under this anathema.

    But I see the point ByzCat is making and I think he's not off target.
    I think this is a gray area.  I think it would be also a gray area (although we certainly know how the Church would've judged it) if somebody was to argue some weird position, like, say, that the Liturgy of St Chrysostom was the only legitimate form of Mass or something.  Granted, if that was floating around I think the Church would've shot it down, but I could see the argument even there that Trent wasn't really intending to target that guy and you'd need another bull or council to rule it out.

    If Vatican III started Novus Ordizing images (and had similar "pastoral" caveats that V2 does leaving us all confused), idk, would we start using Nicaea II to condemn people who condemned *those* images?  Seems like a stretch.

    I of course get the problem forlorn is pointing out, but I think his analogy is a little bit off too.  2 + 2 = 4 is a definitive statement.  Even if its intended to rule out 2 + 2 = 3 at that specific moment, its still intended to be definitive and thus to rule out 2 + 2 = 5.  Is this statement in Trent like that?  I have no idea honestly.  I feel like the guys at Trent would've thought something like the NO would never happen, that nobody should treat a pope the way SSPXers treat the Pope, *and* that nobody should question the legitimacy of a pope without there being an alternate claimant with substantial numbers of Catholics behind them somewhere in the world.