Are Catholics free to speculate about various modern identities of nations mentioned in the Bible? For instance, the modern identities of the offspring of the sons of Noah listed in the table of nations in Genesis 10, what happened to the lost tribes of Israel, or the identification of certain nations in prophecy?

Different church fathers and theologians gave differing identifications so, I would assume it is something we are free to speculate upon. For example, traditionally Magog is often identified with certain peoples in Europe however, I've seen some fairly convincing evidence that it may actually be modern-day China and that the war of Gog and Magog spoken about in Ezekiel and the Apocalypse will have something to do with them.

Obviously, it isn't a matter of faith or morals but rather of historical identification so I don't see how there would be an issue but, I figured I would ask to be certain.