Essentially, for a Catholic to marry an unbaptized person outside of the Catholic Church and have it recognized as valid by the Church, the Catholic party needs to follow the necessary procedures to obtain a dispensation from their local bishop, which involves certain promises and a commitment to their faith and the religious upbringing of any children.
—- The above describes your situation. Since the original marriage didn’t get a dispensation (it was done by a Protestant minister), I doubt it was even valid.
The Pauline privilege may not even apply. Marriage 1 may not have needed this privilege. May have been null to begin with.
Why are you asking this site for advice? You need to get an opinion of a Trad Priest.